Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Transplantation in Treatment of Established Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BDP) is an incurable disease. This study reports the successful treatment of a 30-week-old neonate with established bronchopulmonary dysplasia by bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) transplantation. CASE REPORT The preterm infant with BPD requiring continuous oxygen administration for 4 months post-delivery underwent BM MNCs.

Association between in-hospital guideline adherence and postdischarge major adverse outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Vietnam: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: We aimed to determine the association between physician adherence to prescribing guideline-recommended medications during hospitalisation and 6-month major adverse outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Vietnam.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was carried out in two public hospitals in Vietnam between January and October 2015.

Uterine Didelphys with Bilateral Cervical Agenesis in a 15-Year-Old Girl.

Background: Isolated uterine didelphys requires no treatment in contrast to cervical agenesis, which requires a hysterectomy. Because of this, correct diagnosis of Müllerian anomalies is paramount for making recommendations for patient care.

Case: A 15-year-old girl presented to clinic with pelvic pain and primary amenorrhea.

The 33.1 kDa Excretory/secretory Protein Produced by Larvae Serves as a Potential Common Biomarker for Serodiagnosis of Toxocariasis in Paratenic Animals and Human.

Background: Toxocariasis is a prevalent zoonosis disease caused by the closely related nematode species and which parasitise Canidae and Felidae respectively. In paratenic hosts, larvae of these worms cause multiple organ damage. However, how these paratenic hosts response to these worms and whether any common biomarker can be applied for diagnosis are still unclear.

Polymorphic regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion modifies phenotypes of microglia in neuroinflammation.

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and play complex roles in the milieu of diseases including the primary diseases of myelin. Although mitochondria are critical for cellular functions and survival in the nervous system, alterations in and the roles of mitochondrial dynamics and associated signaling in microglia are still poorly understood. In the present study, by combining immunohistochemistry and 3D ultrastructural analyses, we show that mitochondrial fission/fusion in reactive microglia is differentially regulated from that in monocyte-derived macrophages and the ramified microglia of normal white matter in myelin disease models.

Applying Quantitative CT Image Feature Analysis to Predict Response of Ovarian Cancer Patients to Chemotherapy.

Rationale And Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the role of applying quantitative image features computed from computed tomography (CT) images for early prediction of tumor response to chemotherapy in the clinical trials for treating ovarian cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: A dataset involving 91 patients was retrospectively assembled. Each patient had two sets of pre- and post-therapy CT images.

A two-step convolutional neural network based computer-aided detection scheme for automatically segmenting adipose tissue volume depicting on CT images.

Accurately assessment of adipose tissue volume inside a human body plays an important role in predicting disease or cancer risk, diagnosis and prognosis. In order to overcome limitation of using only one subjectively selected CT image slice to estimate size of fat areas, this study aims to develop and test a computer-aided detection (CAD) scheme based on deep learning technique to automatically segment subcutaneous fat areas (SFA) and visceral fat areas (VFA) depicting on volumetric CT images. A retrospectively collected CT image dataset was divided into two independent training and testing groups.

The RB-IL-6 axis controls self-renewal and endocrine therapy resistance by fine-tuning mitochondrial activity.

Retinoblastoma (RB) protein inactivation during tumor progression is often associated with acquisition of immature phenotypes and resistance to therapy. Determination of an RB inactivation signature in a context of gaining undifferentiated phenotype in a p53-null sarcoma system revealed a critical role for interleukin (IL)-6. Using a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we discovered that poorly differentiated breast cancers are enriched for this RB inactivation signature.

ENaC activity is regulated by calpain-2 proteolysis of MARCKS proteins.

We previously demonstrated a role for the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) to serve as an adaptor protein in the anionic phospholipid phosphate-dependent regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Both MARCKS and ENaC are regulated by proteolysis. Calpains are a family of ubiquitously expressed intracellular Ca-dependent cysteine proteases involved in signal transduction.

Prevalence and Correlates of Probable HIV-Associated Dementia in HIV Outpatients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

This study identified prevalence and correlates of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) among people living with HIV (PLWHA) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Four hundred PLWHA completed a self-report questionnaire and were interviewed by a trained researcher to assess HAD using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). Clinical information concerning HIV treatment was also extracted from medical records.

The association between symptoms of mental disorders and health risk behaviours in Vietnamese HIV positive outpatients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A high prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders (SOMD) has been found among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Additionally, SOMD may impact on the prevalence of high-risk health behaviours (HRB). This study investigates the relationship between SOMD and HRB in a large sample of Vietnamese HIV positive outpatients.

Alveolar nonselective channels are ASIC1a/α-ENaC channels and contribute to AFC.

A thin fluid layer in alveoli is normal and results from a balance of fluid entry and fluid uptake by transepithelial salt and water reabsorption. Conventional wisdom suggests the reabsorption is via epithelial Na channels (ENaC), but if all Na reabsorption were via ENaC, then amiloride, an ENaC inhibitor, should block alveolar fluid clearance (AFC). However, amiloride blocks only half of AFC.

ytotoxic Constituents of Mallotus microcarpus.

A new 3-methoxybenzensulfonic acid 4-0-0-D-glucopyranoside (1), and ten known compounds (2-11) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stems of Mallotus microcarpus. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated by the MTT method. 3-Methoxybenzensulfonic acid 4-Ο-β-D- glucopyranoside (1) and methyl salicylate 2-rutinoside (5) showed strong cytotoxicity against EGFR-TKI-resistant human lung cancer A549 cells in comparison with camptothecin.

Cbx3/HP1γ deficiency confers enhanced tumor-killing capacity on CD8 T cells.

Cbx3/HP1γ is a histone reader whose function in the immune system is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that in CD8 T cells, Cbx3/HP1γ insufficiency leads to chromatin remodeling accompanied by enhanced Prf1, Gzmb and Ifng expression. In tumors obtained from Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient mice or wild type mice treated with Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient CD8 T cells, there is an increase of CD8 effector T cells expressing the stimulatory receptor Klrk1/NKG2D, a decrease in CD4 CD25 FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Treg cells) as well as CD25 CD4 T cells expressing the inhibitory receptor CTLA4.

MicroRNA-140 mediates RB tumor suppressor function to control stem cell-like activity through interleukin-6.

We established an in vitro cell culture system to determine novel activities of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein during tumor progression. Rb depletion in p53-null mouse-derived soft tissue sarcoma cells induced a spherogenic phenotype. Cells retrieved from Rb-depleted spheres exhibited slower proliferation and less efficient BrdU incorporation, however, much higher spherogenic activity and aggressive behavior.

Inhibition of TRPC6 reduces non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion.

Recent studies indicate that the transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel is highly expressed in several types of cancer cells. However, it remains unclear whether TRPC6 contributes to the malignancy of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We used a human NSCLC A549 cell line as a model and found that pharmacological blockade or molecular knockdown of TRPC6 channel inhibited A549 cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle at the S-G2M phase and caused a significant portion of cells detached and rounded-up, but did not induce any types of cell death.

Hydrogen peroxide suppresses TRPM4 trafficking to the apical membrane in mouse cortical collecting duct principal cells.

A Ca-activated nonselective cation channel (NSC) is found in principal cells of the mouse cortical collecting duct (CCD). However, the molecular identity of this channel remains unclear. We used mpkCCD cells, a mouse CCD principal cell line, to determine whether NSC represents the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel, the melastatin subfamily 4 (TRPM4).

An automated method for coding sleep states in human infants based on respiratory rate variability.

A novel quantitative method for coding epochs of active and quiet sleep in infants using respiration is reported. The approach uses the variance of the instantaneous breathing rate within brief epochs of sleep. Variances are normalized within subject by dividing by the 75th percentile variance across epochs.

The Lectin-like Domain of TNF Increases ENaC Open Probability through a Novel Site at the Interface between the Second Transmembrane and C-terminal Domains of the α-Subunit.

Regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which regulates fluid homeostasis and blood pressure, is complex and remains incompletely understood. The TIP peptide, a mimic of the lectin-like domain of TNF, activates ENaC by binding to glycosylated residues in the extracellular loop of ENaC-α, as well as to a hitherto uncharacterized internal site. Molecular docking studies suggested three residues, Val, Glu, and Glu, located at the interface between the second transmembrane and C-terminal domains of ENaC-α, as a critical site for binding of the TIP peptide.

Applying a computer-aided scheme to detect a new radiographic image marker for prediction of chemotherapy outcome.

Background: To investigate the feasibility of automated segmentation of visceral and subcutaneous fat areas from computed tomography (CT) images of ovarian cancer patients and applying the computed adiposity-related image features to predict chemotherapy outcome.

Methods: A computerized image processing scheme was developed to segment visceral and subcutaneous fat areas, and compute adiposity-related image features. Then, logistic regression models were applied to analyze association between the scheme-generated assessment scores and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients using a leave-one-case-out cross-validation method and a dataset involving 32 patients.

Association Between Vaginal Douching and Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women in the United States.

The very few studies that have examined the association between vaginal douching and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have found contrary results. We investigated the associations between douching and numbers of HPV genotypes infecting 1271 participants aged 20-49 years in the 2003-2004 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After controlling for relevant covariates, douching in the past 6 months was significantly associated with infection by higher numbers of all genital HPV types (relative risk ratio, 1.

High prevalence of hospital-acquired infections caused by gram-negative carbapenem resistant strains in Vietnamese pediatric ICUs: A multi-centre point prevalence survey.

There is scarce information regarding hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) among children in resource-constrained settings. This study aims to measure prevalence of HAIs in Vietnamese pediatric hospitals.Monthly point prevalence surveys (PPSs) in 6 pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) in 3 referral hospitals during 1 year.

Integrated Analysis of the Wood Oil from Xanthocyparis vietnamensis Farjon & Hiep. by Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Techniques.

In order to get better knowledge about the volatiles produced by Xanthocyparis vietnamensis, a species recently discovered in Vietnam, its wood oil has been analyzed by a combination of chromatographic (GC, CC) and spectroscopic (GC-MS, (13)C-NMR) techniques. Forty components that accounted for 87.9% of the oil composition have been identified.