Association between the Sp1-binding-site polymorphism in the collagen type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) gene and bone phenotypes: the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study.

Introduction: Polymorphisms within the collagen 1 alpha 1 gene (COLIA1) have been shown to be associated with bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to test the hypothesis that COLIA1 polymorphisms are associated with bone loss and fragility fractures.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 809 postmenopausal women aged 60 years and above in the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study who had COLIA1 genotypes and at least two BMD measurements over a 30-year period.

Association between dietary factors and breast cancer risk: a matched case-control study in Vietnam.

Background: The role of diet in breast cancer prevention is controversial and limited in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to investigate the association between different dietary factors and breast cancer risk in Vietnamese women.

Methods: Three hundred seventy newly histologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 370 controls matched by 5-year age from September 2019 to March 2020 in Ho Chi Minh City were recorded dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Fracture risk assessment in the presence of competing risk of death.

Purpose: To identify the optimal statistical approach for predicting the risk of fragility fractures in the presence of competing event of death.

Methods: We used real-world data from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study that has monitored 3035 elderly participants for bone health and mortality. Fragility fractures were ascertained radiologically.

Development of a shape-based algorithm for identification of asymptomatic vertebral compression fractures: A proof-of-principle study.

Objectives: Vertebral fracture is both common and serious among adults, yet it often goes undiagnosed. This study aimed to develop a shape-based algorithm (SBA) for the automatic identification of vertebral fractures.

Methods: The study included 144 participants (50 individuals with a fracture and 94 without a fracture) whose plain thoracolumbar spine X-rays were taken.

Association between Fat Mass and Obesity-Related Transcript Polymorphisms and Osteoporosis Phenotypes.

Background: Common variants in the fat mass and obesity-related transcript (FTO) gene are related to body mass index and obesity, suggesting its potential association with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. This study sought to define the association between FTO gene variants and the following phenotypes: (1) BMD; (2) bone loss; and (3) fracture risk.

Methods: This analysis was based on the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study that included 1,277 postmenopausal women aged ≥60 years living in Dubbo, Australia.

Machine learning to detect the SINEs of cancer.

We previously described an approach called RealSeqS to evaluate aneuploidy in plasma cell-free DNA through the amplification of ~350,000 repeated elements with a single primer. We hypothesized that an unbiased evaluation of the large amount of sequencing data obtained with RealSeqS might reveal other differences between plasma samples from patients with and without cancer. This hypothesis was tested through the development of a machine learning approach called Alu Profile Learning Using Sequencing (A-PLUS) and its application to 7615 samples from 5178 individuals, 2073 with solid cancer and the remainder without cancer.

Prevalence, incidence of and risk factors for vertebral fracture in the community: the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study.

The epidemiology of vertebral fractures (VF) in underrepresented populations is not well-documented. This cohort study was part of a longitudinal osteoporosis research project with the aim of determining the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for VF. 401 individuals (155 men) aged 50 years and older without a clinical diagnosis of VF were took radiographs at baseline and 2 years later.

BONEcheck: A digital tool for personalized bone health assessment.

Objectives: Osteoporotic fracture is a significant public health burden associated with increased mortality risk and substantial healthcare costs. Accurate and early identification of high-risk individuals and mitigation of their risks is a core part of the treatment and prevention of fractures. Here we introduce a digital tool called 'BONEcheck' for personalized assessment of bone health.

Longitudinal changes in bone mineral density during perimenopausal transition: the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study.

Unlabelled: Based on the prospective cohort of the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study, we show that bone loss occurred before menopause, and that the loss accelerated in the first 5 years post-menopause.

Purpose: To define the change in bone mineral density (BMD) among women during the menopausal transition.

Methods: The study involved 1062 women aged 40-59 who were participants of the population-based prospective Vietnam Osteoporosis Study.

Muscle strength and physical performance contribute to and improve fracture risk prediction in older people: A narrative review.

Osteoporotic fractures present a major health problem with an increasing prevalence in older people. Fractures are associated with premature mortality, reduced quality of life, subsequent fracture, and increased costs. Hence, it is crucial to identify those at higher risk of fracture.

Muscle Strength and Physical Performance Are Associated With Risk of Postfracture Mortality But Not Subsequent Fracture in Men.

Muscle strength and physical performance are associated with incident fractures and mortality. However, their role in the risk of subsequent fracture and postfracture mortality is not clear. We assessed the association between muscle strength (grip strength) and performance (gait speed and chair stands time) and the risk of subsequent fracture and mortality in 830 men with low-trauma index fracture, who participated in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) USA Study and had their index measurements assessed within 5 years prior to the index fracture.

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996-2015): Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analyses.

Background: Little is known about the trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) in Vietnam. We aimed to investigate the trends in epidemiology and anatomical subsites of CRC in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Methods: Based on the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry data during 1996-2015, we calculated the average annual percent changes (AAPCs) of the age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) by sex, age groups, and anatomical subsites, using joinpoint regressions analysis.

Trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996-2015): a population-based study.

Background: The burden and trend of thyroid cancer in Vietnam have not been well documented. This study aimed to investigate the trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City from 1996 to 2015.

Methods: A population-based study retrieved data from the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry during 1996-2015.

Predictors of Unlikely Bacterial Pneumonia and Adverse Pneumonia Outcome in Children Admitted to a Hospital in Central Vietnam.

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of antibiotic use and hospitalization in Vietnam. There is a need for better prediction of unlikely bacterial pneumonia and adverse pneumonia outcome in order to guide hospital admission and improve rational antibiotic use.

Methods: All children under 5 admitted with pneumonia (per clinician assessment) to the Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children were prospectively enrolled.

Characterisation of children hospitalised with pneumonia in central Vietnam: a prospective study.

Pneumonia is the most common reason for paediatric hospital admission in Vietnam. The potential value of using the World Health Organization (WHO) case management approach in Vietnam has not been documented.We performed a prospective descriptive study of all children (2-59 months) admitted with "pneumonia" (as assessed by the admitting clinician) to the Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children to characterise their disease profiles and assess risk factors for an adverse outcome.

Two-Thirds of All Fractures Are Not Attributable to Osteoporosis and Advancing Age: Implications for Fracture Prevention.

Context: Although bone mineral density (BMD) is strongly associated with fracture and postfracture mortality, the burden of fractures attributable to low BMD has not been investigated.

Objectives: We sought to estimate the population attributable fraction of fractures and fracture-related mortality that can be attributed to low BMD.

Design And Setting: This study is a part of an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study, the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology study.

Low-trauma rib fracture in the elderly: Risk factors and mortality consequence.

Purpose: Low trauma rib fracture (hereinafter, rib fracture) is common in the elderly, but its risk factors and mortality consequence are rarely studied. We sought to define the epidemiology of rib fracture and the association between rib fracture and postfracture mortality.

Methods: The study was part of the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study, which was designed as a population-based prospective study, and consisted of 2041 women and men (aged ≥ 60).