Systematic Localisation Based on History and Clinical Examination.

Localisation in neurology is an important step in determining the location of a neurological lesion based on history taking and clinical examination before confirmation with imaging. Lesions can vary from the cortical to the subcortical, brainstem, and spinal cord levels, in which every presentation and finding from the patient can provide a rough idea of where the pathology is located. A differential diagnosis can later be made according to the duration of the symptoms and the cumulative signs and symptoms presented.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease mimicking neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are two rare autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases involving the central nervous system, which are often seen with combined involvement of the optic nerve and spinal cord. MOGAD can be confused with multiple sclerosis or NMOSD, due to its clinical presentation that may be similar and its characteristic to progress with habitual attacks. Although the clinical course of the above-mentioned three diseases is similar, their diagnosis and management are different.

In vitro evaluation of frozen thawed kangayam bull semen enriched with antioxidants.

The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro penetration rate of antioxidant enriched frozen thawed Kangayam bull semen. For the current investigation, 5-7-year-old Kangayam bulls were used. The semen was collected twice per week and two ejaculates were collected each time.

Synergistic approach of ertapenem and flucloxacillin or cefazolin for addressing persistent methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

In the present study, we determine the synergistic activity of ertapenem with cefazolin and flucloxacillin against type A beta-lactamase producing Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolate. In the time kill assay, at standard inoculum, ertapenem with cefazolin showed >1 log kill and ertapenem with flucloxacillin demonstrated >2 log kill. When tested at high inoculum, both combinations achieved >1 log kill at 1x MIC.

Molecular Simulation of Cyclohexane in Nanoporous Materials: Adsorption of Conformers and Coadsorption with Water and Carbon Dioxide.

Molecular simulation is used to investigate the adsorption of an organic molecule and its different conformers into various nanoporous adsorbents. In more detail, we perform grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations to determine the adsorption isotherms for cyclohexane with its three conformers (chair, boat, and twisted boat) at three different temperatures into a molecular model of active carbons and two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (Cu-BTC and Al-Fum). By considering the adsorption of each conformer separately, we show that the adsorption isotherms are weakly dependent on the molecular conformation.

Shorebird droppings analysis: Microplastics and heavy metals in a key conservation reserve and adjoining sand beaches in the west coast of India.

Coastlines are susceptible to plastic and heavy metal pollution, which can accumulate from both marine and terrestrial sources. Shorebirds, top-level predators in these fragile ecosystems are considered as indicators of environmental health. Here, we tested the occurrence of microplastics and heavy metals in the droppings of ten regular wintering migrant shorebird species in Kadalundi-Vallikkunnu Community Reserve and adjoining sand beaches during November, December and January, each year, between 2019 and 2021.

Effectiveness of Lidocaine versus Lidocaine with Magnesium Sulphate During Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomised Double-Blinded Clinical Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of lidocaine with magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing root canal treatment following irreversible pulpitis.

Methods: A total of 86 patients were randomised to receive 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine replaced with 0.

Bacterial contamination in contact lens training area in private optical clinics.

Background: Contamination in the contact lens training area could be due to bacteria, which can lead to the major consequence of ocular infections. We aimed to investigate the contamination caused by bacteria in the contact lens training area in private optical clinics of the Udupi district, India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluated the swabs from the contact lens container, contact lens solution tip, washing area and lens fitting area for bacterial contamination.

Inpatient management of iron deficiency anemia in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single center experience.

Background: Screening for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is important in managing pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Concerns related to adverse reactions may contribute to a reluctance to prescribe intravenous (IV) iron to treat IDA in this population.

Aim: To track the efficacy and safety of IV iron therapy in treating IDA in pediatric IBD patients admitted to our center.

Colorectal Cancer Patients' Reported Frequency, Content, and Satisfaction with Advance Care Planning Discussions.

(1) Background: This observational cohort study describes the frequency, content, and satisfaction with advance care planning (ACP) conversations with healthcare providers (HCPs), as reported by patients with advanced colorectal cancer. (2) Methods: The patients were recruited from two tertiary cancer centers in Alberta, Canada. Using the survey with previously validated questions, the patients were asked about specific ACP elements discussed, with which HCPs these elements were discussed, their satisfaction with these conversations, and whether they had a goals of care designation (GCD) order.

A radio-anatomical study of median arcuate ligament syndrome: unveiling the morphology and morphometry of median arcuate ligament, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery.

Purpose: In the context of medical literature, a significant lacuna exists in understanding median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS). While clinical aspects are well documented, literature lacks a robust exploration of the anatomical relationship between the celiac trunk and the median arcuate ligament (MAL).

Methods: Morphometric parameters, including the vertebral level of MAL origin, MAL thickness, celiac trunk (CeT) origin level, diameter, and distances between CeT/Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) and the MAL center were observed on 250 CT angiograms.

The effect of breathing hypoxic gas (15% FIO ) on physiological and behavioral outcomes during simulated driving in healthy subjects.

Hypoxia is mainly caused by cardiopulmonary disease or high-altitude exposure. We used a driving simulator to investigate whether breathing hypoxic gas influences driving behaviors in healthy subjects. Fifty-two healthy subjects were recruited in this study, approved by the Science and Engineering Ethical Committee.

The 2022 International League Against Epilepsy Classification and Definition of Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes: An Update for Pediatricians.

The 2017 classification of the epilepsies of International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) defined three diagnostic levels, including seizure type, epilepsy type and epilepsy syndrome. Epilepsy syndromes have been recognized as distinct electroclinical entities well before the first ILAE classification of Epilepsies and Epilepsy Syndromes in 1985. A formally accepted classification of epilepsy syndromes was not available, and hence, the 2017-2021 Nosology and Definitions Task Force of ILAE was formulated.

Aortic root pseudoaneurysm: a case report and literature review.

Unlabelled: Pseudoaneurysms of the aortic root are rare. A case of prosthetic aortic valve infection progressing from a confined intramural abscess to a ruptured abscess communicating with the aorta and forming a large pseudoaneurysm is described. Additionally, data from all cases and case series, published between 2000 and 2021, was analyzed.

Drug-resistant focal epilepsy in a girl with SETD5-related intellectual disability.

None.

Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus or Infliximab Therapy in Children and Young Adults With Acute Severe Colitis.

Introduction: One-third of children and young adults admitted for management of acute severe colitis (ASC) fail intravenous corticosteroids. Infliximab (IFX) or tacrolimus (TAC) is often used to prevent urgent colectomy in these patients. However, no prior studies have reviewed the outcome of pediatric patients with ASC who were treated with either IFX or TAC.