[CA, P, AND MG POSTNATAL METABOLISM AND REQUIREMENTS IN PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION OF PREMATURE INFANTS].

During the last trimester of gestation, transplacental mineral transfer and fetal mineral accretion is particularly high: 2.3-3.2 mmol/kg/day (90-130 mg/kg/d) of calcium, 2.

Prematurity and bone health.

Recent advances in neonatal care significantly increases survival rate in preterm and particularly in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW infants) and nutrition is becoming one of the most challenging issue to improve short and long term health and developmental outcomes. Nutrition is also relevant for bone development and mineralization reducing the risk of osteopenia and metabolic bone disease (MBD). Osteopenia of prematurity is a multifactorial disease including predominantly nutritional but also biomechanical and environmental factors.