Differential cellular localization of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IB in response to DNA damage in Deinococcus radiodurans.

Topoisomerases are crucial enzymes in genome maintenance that modulate the topological changes during DNA metabolism. Deinococcus radiodurans, a Gram-positive bacterium is characterized by its resistance to many abiotic stresses including gamma radiation. Its multipartite genome encodes both type I and type II topoisomerases.

Developing ecotourism sustainability maximization (ESM) model: a safe minimum standard for climate change mitigation in the Indian Himalayas.

Recently, ecotourism has been identified as an adaptation strategy for mitigating climate change impacts, as it can optimize carbon sequestration, biodiversity recovery, and livelihood benefits and generate new opportunities for the sustenance of the economy, environment, and society of the area endowed with natural resources and cultural values. With the growing responsibility at the global level, ecotourism resource management (ERM) becomes inevitable for its sustainable requirements. The integration of ecological and socio-economic factors is vital for ERM, as has been demonstrated by developing an Ecotourism Sustainability Maximization Model for an area under study, that is the Yuksam-Dzongri corridor (also known as Kangchendzonga Base Camp Trek), in the Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve (KBR), Sikkim, India.

WITHDRAWN: Attitude, perceptions and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine and its associated factors among general population of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

Evaluating the applicability of ESM (Ecotourism Sustainability Maximization) model to assess, monitor, and manage the ecotourism sustainability in mountain ecosystem (Mt. Kangchendzonga Base Camp Trek, India).

Ecotourism is the greener variant of tourism which advocates conservation of biodiversity and acts as a development strategy to build a self-sustainable system to help protect and further enhance the ecosystem through the income generated by ecotourism activities. There is a strong linkage between biodiversity conservation and ecotourism which has also been recognized by the UN and finds its place under the technical note on "Biodiversity and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". But, are the stakeholders of the ecotourism destinations religiously following practices that will ensure biodiversity conservation at all times is something that needs continuous evaluation and validation.

Removal of heavy metals from industrial effluent using Pinus roxburghii leaves as biosorbent: equilibrium modelling.

In the present study, biosorption capability of pine (Pinus roxburghii) leaves for the removal Cr(6+), Cu(2+), Fe(2+) and Zn(2+) ions, present in brass and electroplating industry effluent, were investigated with respect to different adsorbent doses, contact time and pH. Heavy metals concentrations were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Initial concentration of Cr(6+), Cu(2+), Fe(2+) and Zn(2+) ions in the effluent were found to be 2.

End-of-life decisions in an Indian intensive care unit.

Background: There is a paucity of data on end-of-life decisions (EOLD) for patients in Indian intensive care units (ICUs).

Objective: To document the end-of-life and full-support (FS) decisions among patients dying in an ICU, to compare the respective patient characteristics and to describe the process of decision-making.

Design: Retrospective, observational.

A pilot trial for comparison of photodynamic therapy and transpupillary thermotherapy for the management of classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the visual outcomes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin and transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNVM) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Settings And Design: Patients with subfoveal classic CNVM caused by ARMD attending vitreo-retinal services at a tertiary care setup were included in this nonrandomized, open label, prospective, clinical, comparative pilot trial.

Materials And Methods: Standardized refraction, visual acuity testing, evaluation of fundus and serial color photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were carried out to evaluate the effects of treatment in 32 eyes each undergoing either PDT or TTT.

Sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity in central serous chorioretinopathy: a case-control study.

Purpose: This case-control study was conducted to evaluate autonomic function activity and reactivity in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), because stress and type A personality, known risk factors, are also related to autonomic nervous system activity.

Methods: Patients with CSCR were selected from the outpatient department and medical retina services in one center. Control subjects were chosen from the healthy subjects of similar age group.

Prehypertension may be common in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To test an observational hypothesis that patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) may have a tendency towards hypertension compared with normal individuals.

Methods: In this case-control study we evaluated resting blood pressure in 32 patients with CSCR and compared it with that in 32 healthy controls in a standard laboratory environment. Differences in resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured.

Protection from ultraviolet radiation by spectacle lenses available in India: a comparative study.

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can result in several ocular ailments. We studied the UV absorption (UV-A and -B bands) in 20 lenses (11 hard resin and 9 glass) commonly available in India as uncut lenses for the purpose of prescription as well as non-prescription wear.

Methods: Using a UV-visible spectrophotometer (Thermo-Spectronic, UV-1 model, Thermo Electron Corporation, USA), the percentage transmittance was scanned between 190 and 400 nm, from which the results at 280, 320, 340, 360, 380 and 400 nm were analysed.

Prospective evaluation of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in macular edema associated with retinal vascular disorders.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide on visual acuity and macular thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in macular edema associated with various retinal vascular disorders.

Methods: This prospective nonrandomized clinical interventional study included 81 eyes (76 patients) comprised of Group I, 57 eyes (51 patients) with diabetic macular edema; Group II, 10 eyes (10 patients) with branch retinal vein occlusion; and Group III, 13 eyes (13 patients) with central retinal vein occlusion. All eyes received an intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide (with the solvent) in the operation theater under sterile conditions.

Status of speciality training in ophthalmology in India.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the quality of ophthalmology training in India.

Methods: Questionnaires were sent to existing medical schools and accredited training institutions. Institutions were followed up thrice to obtain responses.

Diabetic retinopathy for general practitioners.

The most significant complication of diabetes mellitus involves the eye and which develops 85% of all diabetics eventually to retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of blindness between 4th and 7th decades. It is essentially a microangiopathy with two distinct stages during its evolution, the preclinical and clinical stages.

Spontaneous perforation of the cornea following silicone oil keratopathy.

Purpose: To report a sight-threatening complication of silicone oil injection for management of complex retinal detachment.

Methods: Review of case record.

Results: Spontaneous perforation of cornea may occur following silicone oil injection into an eye for complex retinal detachments.

Cytomegalovirus retinitis in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a diagnostic dilemma.

Purpose: Patients with lymphoma can rarely develop cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Clinically it is difficult to distinguish from intraocular lymphoma. Also, in such cases the CD4+ count may be high.

Quantification of the retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in normal Indian eyes with optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To quantitatively assess the normative values for peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT 3) in Indian subjects.

Methods: The peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer of 146 normal subjects was imaged on OCT 3 in this cross-sectional study. Thickness of the RNFL around the disc was determined with three 3.

Bilateral macular cysts following electric burn.

A 28-year-old man presented with bilateral acute loss of vision following a high-voltage injury. The visual acuity was 6/36 in the right eye and 6/24 in the left eye. Fundus examination revealed a well-defined round lesion simulating a full thickness macular hole in the right eye and yellow deposits in the macular area in the left eye.

Cytomegalovirus retinitis in a patient with non-Hodgkins lymphoma: A diagnostic dilemma.

Purpose: Patients with lymphoma can rarely develop cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Clinically it is difficult to distinguish from intraocular lymphoma. Also, in such cases the CD4+ count may be high.

Comparative evaluation of diode laser versus argon laser photocoagulation in patients with central serous retinopathy: a pilot, randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN84128484].

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of diode laser photocoagulation in patients with central serous retinopathy (CSR) and to compare it with the effects of argon green laser.

Methods: Thirty patients with type 1 unilateral CSR were enrolled and evaluated on parameters like best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, amsler grid for recording scotoma and metamorphopsia, contrast sensitivity using Cambridge low contrast gratings and fluorescein angiography to determine the site of leakage. Patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups according to the statistical random table using sequence generation.

Macular thickness evaluation using the optical coherence tomography in normal Indian eyes.

Purpose: To determine the normative values for macular thickness and volume by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT 3) in healthy Indian subjects.

Methods: The macula of 170 consecutive, randomly selected normal subjects was imaged on OCT 3 in this cross-sectional study. OCT parameters of macular thickness were analysed with baseline variables including age, gender, axial length and refractive error.

Case report of tuberculous panophthalmitis.

Background: Although tuberculosis is very common in the Indian sub-continent, tuberculous panophthalmitis has not been reported from this region so far. We report a case of a young girl with tuberculous panophthalmitis.

Case Report: A 12-year-old female child presented with painless progressive loss of vision in the right eye of two months' duration.

A prospective controlled trial to evaluate the adjunctive role of posterior subtenon triamcinolone in the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema.

The aim of the present prospective controlled trial was to evaluate the adjuvant role of posterior subtenon triamcinolone in the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema (DDME). Thirty one (31) eyes with DDME were divided into an interventional group subjected to grid laser photocoagulation and 0.5 mL of 40 mg/mL posterior subtenon triamcinolone, and a noninterventional group subjected to grid laser photocoagulation only.