Enhanced source memory for cheaters with higher resemblance to own-culture typical faces.

Recent evidence suggests that culture-specific face typicality has an impact on making trait judgments. Additionally, facial resemblance to one's culture-typical faces causes them to be perceived as reliable, less dangerous, and more accurately recognized. When judging persons from other cultural origins, one's own culture's face standards might shape inferences, behavior, and memory.

Stimulus properties of venlafaxine in a conditioned taste aversion procedure.

Conditioned stimulus properties of venlafaxine are still unknown. In the present study, the discriminative stimulus properties of venlafaxine by using a conditioned taste aversion procedure were investigated. Swiss Webster mice were allowed to reach water from 2 pipettes for 20 min (09:00-11:30 h), plus 30 min (15:30-16:00 h), daily.

Discriminative stimulus properties of tianeptine.

Rationale: In view of the difficulties in using antidepressant agents as training drugs in drug discrimination research, it was reasoned that tianeptine, because of its short duration of action and its lack of toxicity associated with long-term administration, would be well-suited to establish a discriminative stimulus cue in rats and, hence, a valuable tool in the investigation of the neural basis of depression.

Objectives: A drug discrimination procedure was used to determine whether tianeptine was associated with a specific discriminative stimulus effect, and substitution tests were conducted to determine whether this effect was mediated by serotonergic mechanisms.

Method: Rats were trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg tianeptine from saline and were tested with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor; venlafaxine, a 5-HT/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor; 8-hydroxy-(2-di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), a selective 5-HT1A agonist; and caffeine, a nonselective antagonist of adenosine receptors.

Increasing the selectivity of the discriminative stimulus effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol: complete substitution with methanandamide.

In an attempt to increase the selectivity of the discriminative stimulus effects of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), rats were trained to discriminate 3.2 mg/kg of this compound from a group of "other" drugs consisting of morphine (3.2 mg/kg), PCP (2.

Evidence for the role of nitric oxide in nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in mice.

Rationale: Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in both acute effects of addictive drugs and development of dependence to them. We investigated the role of NO in nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization.

Objectives: The effects of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO synthase inhibitor, and a combination of a NO precursor L-arginine and L-NAME on nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization were investigated in Swiss Webster mice.