Differential circulating miRNA profiles identified miR-423-5p, miR-93-5p, and miR-4532 as potential biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is high in morbidity and mortality rates which may be due to asymptomatic and effective diagnostic methods not available. Therefore, an effective diagnosis is urgently needed.

Methods: Investigation of plasma circulating miRNA (cir-miRNA) was divided into two phases, including the discovery phase (pooled 10 samples each from three pools in each group) and the validation phase (17, 16, and 35 subjects of healthy control (HC), (OV), and CCA groups, respectively).

microRNA profiling of exosomes derived from plasma and their potential as biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a life-threatening disease that impacts patients worldwide. In Southeast Asian countries, the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini plays a major role in inducing carcinogenesis of the bile ducts. Due to its asymptomatic nature, O.

Investigation of Plasma Cell-Free DNA and MiRNA in Cholangiocarcinoma and Opisthorchiasis Viverrini Patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic potential of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free miRNA (cf-miRNA) for distinguishing between Healthy, asymptomatic opisthorchiasis viverrini and cholangiocarcinoma in a preliminary manner.

Methods: In this study, 36 participants were enrolled into three health status groups: a healthy control group (HC), Opisthorchis viverrini-infected group (OV), and a cholangiocarcinoma group (CCA), each comprising 12 participants. Concentration measurements of cfDNA and cf-miRNA from plasma were conducted.

Update on the risk factors for opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

This study aimed to identify the recent risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) to improve disease prevention. The participants were divided into the following 3 groups based on their health status: healthy control (nonOV and nonCCA), those with O. viverrini infection (OV), and those with CCA.

Differential plasma proteomes of the patients with and cholangiocarcinoma identify a polymeric immunoglobulin receptor as a potential biomarker.

In Southeast Asian countries, nitrosamine compounds and the liver fluke have long been identified as carcinogens for cholangiocarcinoma (CHCA). In order to effectively treat infections and prevent the development of CHCA, methods for disease detection are needed. This study aims to identify biomarkers for infection and CHCA.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta as a potential biomarker for infection and cholangiocarcinoma.

The human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov), the primary risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma (CHCA), is a parasite endemic to southeast Asian countries. With no effective treatments for CHCA currently available, early diagnosis and treatment of Ov infection remains the only practical method for the prevention of CHCA. In this study, plasma phosphoproteomes of patients in the non-Ov infection, non-cholangiocarcinoma subject group (non-OVCCA), the asymptomatic Ov infected group (OV), and the CHCA group (CCA), were investigated to identify potential biomarkers for Ov infection and CHCA.

Identification and localization of growth factor genes in the sea cucumber.

The sea cucumber is both an economically important species in Asian countries and an emerging experimental model for research studies in regeneration and medicinal bioactives. Growth factors and their receptors are known to be key components that guide tissue repair and renewal, yet validation of their presence in has not been established. We performed a targeted search of transcriptome data to elucidate conserved growth factor family and receptor genes.

Plasma checkpoint protein 1 (Chk1) as a potential diagnostic biomarker for opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Patients infected with a parasite often develop opisthorchiasis viverrini, which often progresses into cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) due to the asymptomatic nature of the infection. Currently, there are no effective diagnostic methods for opisthorchiasis or cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the host-responsive protein that can be developed as a diagnostic biomarker of opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma.

Effective Platform for the Production of Recombinant Outer Membrane Vesicles in Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) typically contain multiple immunogenic molecules that include antigenic proteins, making them good candidates for vaccine development. In animal models, vaccination with OMVs has been shown to confer protective immune responses against many bacterial diseases. It is possible to genetically introduce heterologous protein antigens to the bacterial host that can then be produced and relocated to reside within the OMVs by means of the host secretion mechanisms.

Formulation development and in vitro evaluation of transferrin-conjugated liposomes as a carrier of ganciclovir targeting the retina.

Ganciclovir (GCV) is an antiviral drug approved for treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. It can be delivered to the eye via systemic administrations. However, local delivery of GCV that targets the retina is considered as an alternative to increase efficacy of the treatment and lessen side effects.

Molecular characterization of a vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) in the mud crab (Scylla olivacea) and temporal changes in abundances of VIH mRNA transcripts during ovarian maturation and following neurotransmitter administration.

The vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), also known as gonad-inhibiting hormone, is a neuropeptide hormone in crustaceans that belongs to the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH)-family peptide. There is regulation vitellogenesis by VIH during gonad maturation in crustaceans. A full-length Scylla olivacea VIH (Scyol-VIH) was identified through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends.

Synergism of regulatory elements in σ(B)- and σ(A)-dependent promoters enhances recombinant protein expression in Bacillus subtilis.

Strong promoter is an essential factor for production of recombinant protein in various expression systems including Bacillus subtilis. In this study, we described a strategy to improve the expression efficiency using synthetic double promoter. Assembly of the conserved elements from σ(B)- and σ(A)-dependent promoters constitutively improved the yield of recombinant protein approximately 2-3-fold in both exponential and stationary growth phase.

Reciprocal inhibition between intracellular antiviral signaling and the RNAi machinery in mammalian cells.

RNA interference (RNAi) is an established antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates. Whether RNAi serves a similar function in mammalian cells remains unresolved. We find that in some cell types, mammalian RNAi activity is reduced shortly after viral infection via poly-ADP-ribosylation of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a core component of RNAi.