The impact of a ketogenic diet on weight loss, metabolism, body composition and quality of life.

A ketogenic diet (KD) is increasingly debated as a countermeasure against nutrition-related modern diseases. While being immunologically beneficial, KD is still suspected of having severe metabolic side effects and negatively impacting general well-being, which prevents its widespread clinical use. We conducted a prospective pre-post interventional study investigating the effects of an eucaloric KD on metabolism, weight loss, body composition, diet adherence, and quality of life.

Associations of mental health with vaccination readiness in informal caregivers and the vaccination status of their care recipients during the Covid-19 pandemic - A cross sectional analysis.

Introduction: Vaccinations are important for informal caregivers and their care recipients. Mental health problems are common among care givers. The aim of this study was to investigate vaccination readiness in informal caregivers and associations with mental health issues.

Association of the habitual dietary intake with the fatty liver index and effect modification by metabotypes in the population-based KORA-Fit study.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging threat for public health with diet being a major risk factor in disease development and progression. However, the effects of habitual food consumption on fatty liver are still inconclusive as well as the proposed role of the individuals' metabolic profiles. Therefore, the aim of our study is to examine the associations between diet and NAFLD with an emphasis on the influence of specific metabotypes in the general population.

Mutual regulation of CD4 T cells and intravascular fibrin in infections.

Innate myeloid cells especially neutrophils and their extracellular traps are known to promote intravascular coagulation and thrombosis formation in infections and various other conditions. Innate myeloid cell-dependent fibrin formation can support systemic immunity while its dysregulation enhances the severity of infectious diseases. Less is known about the immune mechanisms preventing dysregulation of fibrin homeostasis in infection.

Associations of Mental Health Issues with Health Literacy and Vaccination Readiness against COVID-19 in Long-Term Care Facilities-A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Vaccinations against COVID-19 are of the utmost importance in long-term care facilities. During the pandemic, mental health issues increased significantly. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to assess the associations of depression and anxiety with health literacy in people in need of care and the association of depression and burnout with vaccination readiness against COVID-19 in health care workers (HCWs).

Functional maturation and longitudinal imaging of intraportal neonatal porcine islet grafts in genetically diabetic pigs.

Allogeneic intraportal islet transplantation (ITx) has become an established treatment for patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. However, the loss of viable beta-cell mass after transplantation remains a major challenge. Therefore, noninvasive imaging methods for long-term monitoring of the transplant fate are required.

["…Not Even in The Corridor!" - Subjective Perception Of Institutional Measures During The Covid-19 Pandemic Of Nursing Home Residents: A Qualitative Study].

Background: In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, institutional measures were decreed to protect nursing home residents from infection. Their appropriateness has been a subject of controversy. The aim of this work was to better understand the subjective perception of the protective measures during the Covid-19 pandemic by the nursing home residents in Bavaria and to shed light on the role of nursing staff and general practitioners in coping with the crisis.

Effects of training flights of combat jet pilots on parameters of airway function, diffusing capacity and systemic oxidative stress, and their association with flight parameters.

Background: Fighter aircraft pilots are regularly exposed to physiological challenges from high acceleration (G) forces, as well as increased breathing pressure and oxygen supply in the support systems. We studied whether effects on the lung and systemic oxidative stress were detectable after real training flights comprising of a wide variety of exposure conditions, and their combinations.

Methods: Thirty-five pilots of the German Air Force performed 145 flights with the Eurofighter Typhoon.

Multicenter Collaborative Study to Optimize Mass Spectrometry Workflows of Clinical Specimens.

The foundation for integrating mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics into systems medicine is the development of standardized start-to-finish and fit-for-purpose workflows for clinical specimens. An essential step in this pursuit is to highlight the common ground in a diverse landscape of different sample preparation techniques and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) setups. With the aim to benchmark and improve the current best practices among the proteomics MS laboratories of the CLINSPECT-M consortium, we performed two consecutive round-robin studies with full freedom to operate in terms of sample preparation and MS measurements.

Hypogonadism is frequent in very old men with multimorbidity and is associated with anemia and sarcopenia.

Background: Clinical data regarding hypogonadism in very old men with multimorbidity are rare. Hypogonadism can contribute to osteoporosis, anemia and sarcopenia and is therefore a relevant problem for geriatric patients.

Methods: A total of 167 men aged 65-96 years (mean 81 ± 7 years) admitted to an acute geriatric ward were included in a cross-sectional study.

Impact of Preparticipating Hypohydration on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity in Ambitious Recreational Athletes.

Background: Heat induces a thermoregulatory strain that impairs cardiopulmonary exercise capacity. The aim of the current study is to elucidate the effect of isolated dehydration on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in a model of preparticipating hypohydration.

Methods: Healthy recreational athletes underwent a standardised fluid deprivation test.

Characterization of Human Papilloma Virus in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy-A Prospective Study of 140 Patients.

Introduction: The association between human papilloma virus (HPV) and the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa) is still controversial. Existing studies often lack information about clinical risk factors, are limited by their retrospective design or only use a single detection method for HPV.

Material And Methods: A total of 140 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for PCa at the Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany, were prospectively enrolled.

Cell-free circulating ALU repeats in serum have a prognostic value for colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the only established serum biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). To facilitate therapy decisions and improve the overall survival of CRC patients, prognostic biomarkers are required.

Objective: We studied the prognostic value of five different cell free circulating DNA (fcDNA) fragments.

A ketogenic diet substantially reshapes the human metabolome.

Background: Western dietary habits (WD) have been shown to promote chronic inflammation, which favors the development of many of today's non-communicable diseases. Recently, ketogenic diets (KD) have emerged as an immune-regulating countermeasure for WD-induced metaflammation. To date, beneficial effects of KD have been solely attributed to the production and metabolism of ketone bodies.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people in need of care or support: protocol for a SARS-CoV-2 registry.

Introduction: People in need of care or support are severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We lack valid data of long-term assessments. We present a register study to detect the physical and psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people in need of care or support in Bavaria, Germany.

Long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular disease.

Purpose Of Review: Here, we review recent findings on the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition, we highlight some of the latest findings in lncRNA biology, providing an outlook for future avenues of lncRNA research in CVD.

Recent Findings: Recent publications provide translational evidence from patient studies and animal models for the role of specific lncRNAs in CVD.

Detecting Medication Risks among People in Need of Care: Performance of Six Instruments.

Introduction: Numerous tools exist to detect potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) and potential prescribing omissions (PPO) in older people, but it remains unclear which tools may be most relevant in which setting.

Objectives: This cross sectional study compares six validated tools in terms of PIM and PPO detection.

Methods: We examined the PIM/PPO prevalence for all tools combined and the sensitivity of each tool.

A unified classification approach rating clinical utility of protein biomarkers across neurologic diseases.

A major evolution from purely clinical diagnoses to biomarker supported clinical diagnosing has been occurring over the past years in neurology. High-throughput methods, such as next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry-based proteomics along with improved neuroimaging methods, are accelerating this development. This calls for a consensus framework that is broadly applicable and provides a spot-on overview of the clinical validity of novel biomarkers.

Therapeutic drug monitoring in breast cancer therapy - LC-MS/MS method for quantification of the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib, palbociclib, ribociclib, and major metabolites abemaciclib M20 and M2 in human serum.

The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency for the treatment of breast cancer between 2015 and 2018.

Proteomics reveals antiviral host response and NETosis during acute COVID-19 in high-risk patients.

SARS-CoV-2 remains an acute threat to human health, endangering hospital capacities worldwide. Previous studies have aimed at informing pathophysiologic understanding and identification of disease indicators for risk assessment, monitoring, and therapeutic guidance. While findings start to emerge in the general population, observations in high-risk patients with complex pre-existing conditions are limited.