Towards reducing diagnostic delay in endometriosis in primary care: a qualitative study.

Background: Due to a heterogeneity of symptoms, a lack of an adequate diagnostic test, and a lack of awareness, diagnostic delay in endometriosis in primary care on average amounts to 35 months.

Aim: To determine which interventions are most feasible to reduce time to diagnosis in primary care, focusing on GPs' preferences, the intervention's content, design, and implementation.

Design & Setting: We conducted a qualitative study by performing focus groups with GPs and GP trainees between July and October 2021.

Depressive feelings as mediator in the relation between adverse childhood events and lower urinary tract symptoms in males and females.

Background: Adverse childhood events (ACEs) are prevalent and lead to well-established adverse health sequelae in adulthood. Recent literature has claimed that exposure to trauma in early life may worsen lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) because emotion can alter the perception of bodily distress in the brain. Specifically, depressive symptoms might influence the association between ACEs and LUTS.

Patient characteristics and factors contributing to recurrence of bacterial vaginosis presented in primary care.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common problem in primary care. BV symptoms often have a negative impact on patients' quality of life and may predispose to gynaecological problems. Some patients experience recurring episodes of BV.

Help-seeking behaviour in primary care of men and women with a history of abuse: A Dutch cohort study.

Background: Previous studies show an association between a history of abuse and higher care demand. However, studies in general practice regarding help-seeking behaviour by patients (mainly male patients) with a history of abuse are scarce.

Objectives: To analyse help-seeking behaviour in general practice of men and women with a history of abuse.

Sex-Gender Differences in the Effectiveness of Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Background: In recent years, research on sex-gender differences in health care has increasingly recognized that men and women differ in the way symptoms occur, in risk factors for certain conditions and in the way they respond to the same treatment. A disease that is known to often present differently in women and men is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Given the difference in prevalence, predominant symptoms and possible other pathophysiology, it is conceivable that a difference in treatment effectiveness in men and women is a discovery waiting to be found.

Views of Dutch general practitioners about premenstrual symptoms: A qualitative interview study.

Background: General practitioners (GPs) encounter women suffering from premenstrual symptoms. Often women with premenstrual problems experience little understanding from GPs. Views of GPs will influence their approach to these women and their care.

Barriers and facilitators to the timely diagnosis of endometriosis in primary care in the Netherlands.

Background: Endometriosis is an invalidating gynaecological condition in women of reproductive age, and a frequent cause of infertility. Unfortunately, the condition is characterized by a long interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis. GPs in the Netherlands are educated to provide basic gynaecological care and serve as gatekeepers for specialist medical care.

Women's appraisal of the management of vulvodynia by their general practitioner: a qualitative study.

Background: Provoked Vulvodynia (PVD) is the most common cause of vulvar pain. General practitioners (GPs) are insufficiently familiar with it, causing a delay in many women receiving correct diagnosis and treatment. Besides patients factors, this delay can partly be explained by the reluctance of GPs to explore the sexual context of PVD and by their negative emotional reactions such as helplessness and frustration when consulted by patients with medically unexplained symptoms like PVD.

[Drug-facilitated sexual assault; frequently used substances, symptoms and toxicological investigation].

Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) is a term used to describe incidents of sexual assault in which the victim is incapacitated and/or unable to provide consent to the sexual act as a result of drug or alcohol consumption. There are two types: 'proactive' in which the victim is covertly administered an incapacitating or disinhibiting substance by an assailant for the purpose of sexual assault; and 'opportunistic' in which a perpetrator engages in sexual activity with a victim who is profoundly intoxicated by his or her actions, to the point of near or actual unconsciousness. Alcohol is the drug most commonly found in alleged sexual assault cases.

Mixed feelings: general practitioners' attitudes towards eHealth for stress urinary incontinence - a qualitative study.

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most prevalent subtype of urinary incontinence and is a bothering condition in women. Only a minority of those with SUI consult a general practitioner (GP). EHealth with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is effective in reducing incontinence symptoms and might increase access to care.

Expectations regarding eHealth among women with stress urinary incontinence.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition with a major impact on quality of life (QoL). Various factors prevent women from seeking help. However, eHealth (Internet-based therapy) with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is an effective and satisfying intervention for these women.

Urine cultures and antibiotics for urinary tract infections in Dutch general practice.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in general practice, and antibiotic resistance is often seen. Urine cultures are advised by the Dutch national UTI guideline for patients at high risk of UTI complications. Prudent use of antibiotics and taking into account national guidelines and urine culture results are important to combat antibiotic resistance in general practice.

The Relationship Between Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Provoked Vulvodynia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Provoked vulvodynia (PVD) is a chronic vulvar pain condition affecting up to 8.3% of the female population. Despite many years of research, no clear cause for PVD has been identified.

Facilitators and barriers in the diagnostic process of vulvovaginal complaints (vulvodynia) in general practice: a qualitative study.

Background: The gap between the relatively high prevalence of provoked vulvodynia (PVD) in the general population and the low incidence in primary care can partly be explained by physicians' lack of knowledge about the assessment and management of PVD.

Objectives: To recognize barriers and facilitators of GPs in the diagnostic process of women presenting with recurrent vulvovaginal complaints.

Methods: A qualitative focus group study in 17 Dutch GPs, five men and 12 women.

Women's expectations and experiences regarding e-health treatment: A systematic review.

There is a gap in knowledge of women's perceptions of e-health treatment. This review aims to investigate women's expectations and experiences regarding e-health. A search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo in March 2016.

Is uncertain vulvovaginal candidiasis a marker of vulvodynia? A study in a Dutch general practice research database.

Background: A recent Dutch study in general practice showed a clear relationship between the diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and symptoms suggestive of provoked vulvodynia (PVD). PVD accounts for the largest group of vulvar pains, but is often not recognised by GPs.

Aim: To investigate whether diagnostic uncertainty about VVC in general practice could also point to the diagnosis of PVD, and whether and how this diagnostic uncertainty affects management.

[Practice guideline 'Urinary incontinence in women' from the Dutch College of General Practitioners].

- The Dutch College of General Practitioners' (NHG) practice guideline 'Urinary incontinence in women' provides guidelines for diagnosis and management of stress, urgency and mixed urinary incontinence in adult women.- General practitioners (GPs) should be alert to signals for urinary incontinence in women and offer active diagnosis and treatment if necessary.- Shared decision making is central in the guideline; the GP and the patient should discuss therapeutic options and decide on treatment policy in mutual consultation.

Treatment by a nurse practitioner in primary care improves the severity and impact of urinary incontinence in women. An observational study.

Background: Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a common problem in women. The management of UI in primary care is time consuming and suboptimal. Shift of incontinence-care from General Practitioners (GP's) to a nurse practitioner maybe improves the quality of care.

Gender-based education during clerkships: a focus group study.

Objectives: One of the goals of the medical master's degree is for a student to become a gender-sensitive doctor by applying knowledge of gender differences in practice. This study aims to investigate, from the students' perspective, whether gender medicine has been taught in daily practice during clerkship.

Methods: A focus group study was conducted among 29 medical students from Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, who had just finished either their internal medicine or surgical clerkships.

Chlamydia prevalence in the general population: is there a sex difference? a systematic review.

Background: The focus of Chlamydia trachomatis screening and testing lies more on women than on men. The study aim was to establish by systematic review the prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and women in the general population.

Methods: Electronic databases and reference lists were searched from 2000 to 2013 using the key words "Chlamydia trachomatis", "population-based study" and "disease prevalence".

Women's positions during the second stage of labour: views of primary care midwives.

Aim: This paper is a report of a study to explore the views of midwives on women's positions during the second stage of labour.

Background: Many authors recommend encouraging women to use positions that are most comfortable to them. Others advocate encouragement of non-supine positions, because offering 'choice' is not enough to reverse the strong cultural norm of giving birth in the supine position.

"It can always happen": the impact of urinary incontinence on elderly men and women.

Objective: To determine the impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on the quality of life of the elderly in the general population and to identify factors with the greatest effect.

Design: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of interview data.

Setting: Patients from the nine family practices of the Nijmegen University Research Network.

Urinary incontinence in the elderly: attitudes and experiences of general practitioners. A focus group study.

Objective: To assess general practitioners' (GPs') attitudes to urinary incontinence in elderly patients and their experiences in the application of the Dutch College of General Practitioners' guideline in daily practice.

Design: Two existed groups of six GPs working in villages and seven GPs working in urban practices.

Method: Two focus-group discussions with recording of discussions and transcription.

Urinary incontinence in older people living in the community: examining help-seeking behaviour.

Background: Only a small proportion of older people with urinary incontinence seek help, despite the availability of adequate treatment.

Aim: To ascertain the patient- and disease-specific factors that determine whether medical care for urinary incontinence is sought by independently living older people with urinary incontinence.

Design Of Study: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of interview data.