Efficacy and feasibility of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for early-stage triple-negative and estrogen receptor low, HER2-negative breast cancer: a Japanese single-institution real-world study.

Background: Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy and adjuvant pembrolizumab have been established as the optimal systemic therapies for patients with early stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, their efficacy and feasibility in the Japanese population remain unexplored.

Methods: This study included patients with early stage TNBC or low estrogen receptor (ER) positivity (1-9%) with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2- (HER2-) negative breast cancer who received neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy from October 2022 at Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research. Information regarding clinicopathological features, systemic therapy, treatment outcomes, and adverse events of patients who underwent surgery by February 2024 was retrospectively collected.

Case series of Li-Fraumeni syndrome: carcinogenic mechanisms in breast cancer with TP53 pathogenic variant carriers.

Background: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a hereditary condition attributed to TP53 pathogenic variants,(PV), is associated with high risks for various malignant tumors, including breast cancer. Notably, individuals harboring TP53 PVs are more likely (67-83%) to develop HER2 + breast cancer than noncarriers (16-25%). In this retrospective study, we evaluated the associations between TP53 variants and breast cancer phenotype.

Chromatin profile-based identification of a novel ER-positive breast cancer subgroup with reduced ER-responsive element accessibility.

Background: Oestrogen receptor (ER) signalling-dependent cancer cell growth is one of the major features of ER-positive breast cancer (BC). Inhibition of ER function is a standard and effective treatment for ER-positive tumours; however, ~20% of patients with ER-positive BC experience early or late recurrence. In this study, we examined intertumour heterogeneity from an epigenetic perspective based on the hypothesis that the intrinsic difference in epigenetic states around ER signalling pathway underlies endocrine therapy resistance.

Trastuzumab and fulvestrant combination therapy for women with advanced breast cancer positive for hormone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2: a retrospective single-center study.

Background: Trastuzumab and fulvestrant combination therapy is one of the treatment options for patients with hormone receptor- and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer; however, there are limited studies evaluating the efficacy of this combination therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of women with hormone receptor- and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who received trastuzumab and fulvestrant combination therapy between August 1997 and August 2020 at the Cancer Institute Hospital. The primary endpoint of this study was progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints were response rate, overall survival and safety.

Clinical benefit of treatment after trastuzumab emtansine for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a real-world multi-centre cohort study in Japan (WJOG12519B).

Background: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer after taxane with trastuzumab and pertuzumab is standard therapy. However, treatment strategies beyond T-DM1 are still in development with insufficient evidence of their effectiveness. Here, we aimed to evaluate real-world treatment choice and efficacy of treatments after T-DM1 for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Immunohistochemical co-expression status of cytokeratin 5/6, androgen receptor, and p53 as prognostic factors of adjuvant chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is immunohistochemically characterised by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). TNBC is known for its poor prognosis and high recurrence probability. There is no effective targeted treatment for TNBC, but only adjuvant chemotherapies.

[A case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with surgical treatment].

We describe a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with a neck tumor. Ultrasonography and a neck computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large, 6-cm mass in the left thyroid lobe. Analysis of cytological specimens obtained from the mass indicated the tumor was classIV (indicative of anaplastic carcinoma).

[Usefulness of reductive surgery for elderly advanced breast cancer with bone metastases - a case report].

We report the case of an elderly, advanced breast cancer patient with multiple bone metastases. Breast reduction surgery was useful for this patient. The patient was an 81-year-old woman who had a breast lump.

[Success rate of breast conserving surgery for different breast cancer screening methods].

We evaluated the significance of the success rate of breast conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer discovered by using different screening methods. Patients underwent either population-based screening (group A) or opportunistic screening(group B). We retrospectively investigated patients who visited our hospital in 2012.

Altered intracellular region of MUC1 and disrupted correlation of polarity-related molecules in breast cancer subtypes.

MUC1 glycoprotein is overexpressed and its intracellular localization altered during breast carcinoma tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship of cytoplasmic localization of MUC1 with the breast cancer subtype and the correlation of 10 molecules associated with cell polarity in breast cancer subtypes. We immunostained 131 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded breast cancer specimens with an anti-MUC1 antibody (MUC1/CORE).

[Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in breast cancer patients with local recurrence or distant metastases].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)activity in breast cancer patients with local recurrence or distant metastases. IDO activity can be determined using the tryptophan/kynurenine(Trp/Kyn)ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).

[Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity during toremifene therapy for aromatase inhibitor-resistant metastatic breast cancer].

We evaluated the clinical significance of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)activity during toremifene(TOR)therapy for aromatase inhibitor(AI) / -resistant metastatic breast cancer. IDO activity can be measured using the tryptophan/kynurenine (Trp/Kyn)ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).

[CD147 expression in non-invasive and invasive breast carcinoma].

CD147 is a multifunctional membrane glycoprotein involved in tumor invasion, and is overexpressed in many solid tumors. However, the role of CD147 in breast cancer is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate CD147 expression in non-invasive and invasive ductal carcinomas.

[Long-term response to eribulin in patients with metastatic breast cancer-report of 2 cases].

Case 1: Case 1 involved a 42-year-old woman who had been diagnosed as having advanced breast cancer (Stage III B). She had previously received 6 courses of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil CEF, 14 courses of weekly paclitaxel, and 2 courses of vinorelbine( VNR). After the courses of chemotherapy, she underwent modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection.

[Successful treatment of neuroendocrine ductal carcinoma in situ with loco-regional therapy].

Herein, we report the use of microdochectomy for neuroendocrine ductal carcinoma in situ( NE-DCIS). The patient was 44-year-old woman who experienced spontaneous nipple discharge for 5 years. We were unable to detect the origin of the nipple discharge by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), mammography, ductal endoscopy, or ultrasonography.

[Diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ with interruption of the anterior border of the mammary gland by ultrasonography-a case report].

We report a case of ductal carcinoma in situ( DCIS) with interruption of the anterior border of the mammary gland by ultrasonography. The patient was a 41-year-old woman. The patient was identified by a focal asymmetric density on her left breast by screening mammography.

[Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity for breast cancer patients with recurrence 5 or more years after surgery].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase( IDO) in breast cancer patients with recurrence 5 or more years after surgery. IDO activity can be measured by the tryptophan (Trp)/kynurenine (Kyn) ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography( HPLC).

[Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in breast cancer patients during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. IDO activity can be determined by the tryptophan( Trp)/kynurenine( Kyn) ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[The problems of breast-conserving surgery for calcification undetected by ultrasonography].

The patient was a 58-year-old woman. Mammography showed grouped heterogeneous calcifications in the M area of the right breast. The area of the grouped heterogeneous calcifications was 1 cm in diameter.

[Lapatinib is useful for metastatic breast cancer patients who cannot be treated with trastuzumab-report of a case].

The patient was a 71-year-old woman. Mammography revealed an irregularly shaped mass in the U area of her left breast. Ultrasonography revealed an irregularly shaped mass in the C area of her breast.

[A case of bilateral multiple primary breast cancer].

A 55-year-old woman underwent segmental resection and sentinel lymph node biopsy for cancer in her left breast 2.5 years ago. The pathological findings indicated papillotubular carcinoma [estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), progesterone receptor-positive(PgR+), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) score 0].

[Usefulness of endoscopic resection for phyllodes tumor of the breast].

We compared the surgical margins for phyllodes tumors of the breast required for endoscopic local excision and normal local excision. Over a 10-year period, we experienced 38 patients with phyllodes tumors of the breast who were treated by surgical operation. Thirty-three patients underwent local excision with a surgical margin of at least 1.