Bi-layered Adipose Mesenchymal Cell Sheets Improve Bladder Compliance in Spinal Cord-Injured Rats.

To improve bladder compliance in patients with low-compliance bladders, augmentation cystoplasty with the intestinal tract is performed. However, the use of the intestinal tract often leads to serious surgical complications. Tissue engineering technologies have the potential to improve bladder compliance without using the intestinal tract.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channels in the bladder mediate low temperature elicited bladder overactivity in rats.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether pathways involving transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in the urinary bladder mediate the bladder overactivity elicited by exposure to a low temperature in rats.

Methods: At postnatal week 10, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with the TRPA1 channel antagonist, HC030031, at room temperature (RT) and subsequently exposed to low temperature (LT). Bladder specimens treated with HC030031 were evaluated for contractions through cumulative addition of the TRPA1 channel agonist trans-cinnamaldehyde.

[Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura After Pembrolizumab Treatment Against Locally Recurrent Bladder Cancer : A Case Report].

A man in his 70s visited our hospital for gross hematuria. He was diagnosed with invasive urothelial carcinoma (cT3N2M0) and underwent total cystectomy and ileum conduit construction after three courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eight months after the operation, the disease reoccurred in the pelvic lesion.

[A CASE OF PRIMARY MUCOSA-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE (MALT) LYMPHOMA OF THE URINARY BLADDER].

A 68-year-old female presented with macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a wide-based submucosal mass. Computed tomography revealed a 3.

Autologous Bilayered Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cell-Gelatin Sheets Reconstruct Ureters in Rabbits.

Repair of ureteral defects or strictures due to disease or trauma is usually dependent upon surgery that often requires either reoperation or an alternative treatment. By taking advantage of tissue engineering and regenerative techniques, it may be possible to define new approaches to ureteral repair. In this study, we fabricated autologous bilayered adipose-derived mesenchymal cell (AMC)-gelatin sheets and transplanted them into rabbits to replace surgically excised ureteral segments.

[A Case Report of 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Urolithiasis].

We report a case of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) urolithiasis in a 65-year-old male. He initially visited another institution because right hydronephrosis was revealed in a medical checkup. Computed tomography demonstrated radiolucent right renal stones.

Therapeutic effects of Choreito, a traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, on detrusor overactivity induced by acetic acid in rats.

Choreito (CRT), a traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, is widely used for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) and other lower urinary tract symptoms in Japan. This study aimed to identify the effects and therapeutic mechanism of CRT on the improvement of detrusor overactivity (DO) using an experimental rat model. Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into three groups: intravesical saline instillation with normal food (normal group), intravesical acetic acid (AA) instillation with normal food (AA group), and intravesical AA instillation with CRT (AA with CRT group).

Nicotine-induced hypoxia in rat urothelium deteriorates bladder storage functions.

Aims: To measure the effects of nicotine on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), bladder blood flow, and the urothelial markers hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), uroplakin III (UPIII), and aquaporin 3 (AQP3).

Methods: Ten-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with 2 mg/kg nicotine (n = 17) or vehicle (control, n = 18) twice daily for 13 days. Some nicotine-treated rats (n = 10) were injected daily with 1 mg/kg tadalafil for the last 6 days of nicotine treatment.

Biofabricated Structures Reconstruct Functional Urinary Bladders in Radiation-Injured Rat Bladders.

The ability to repair damaged urinary bladders through the application of bone marrow-derived cells is in the earliest stages of development. We investigated the application of bone marrow-derived cells to repair radiation-injured bladders. We used a three-dimensional bioprinting robot system to biofabricate bone marrow-derived cell structures.

Combined treatment with a β -adrenergic receptor agonist and a muscarinic receptor antagonist inhibits detrusor overactivity induced by cold stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Aims: This study determined if combined treatment with the muscarinic receptor (MR) antagonist solifenacin and the β -adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist mirabegron could inhibit detrusor overactivity induced by cold stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Methods: Thirty-two female 10-week-old SHRs were fed an 8% NaCl-supplemented diet for 4 weeks. Cystometric measurements of the unanesthetized, unrestricted rats were performed at room temperature (RT, 27 ± 2°C) for 20 min.

[A Case of Granulomatous Orchitis].

A 54-year-old man presented with slight pain and swelling of the right scrotum. On performing scrotal ultrasonography, the right testis showed swelling and diffused hypoechogenicity compared with the left normal testis. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed swelling and low intensity areas in the right testis.

Pathways Involving Beta-3 Adrenergic Receptors Modulate Cold Stress-Induced Detrusor Overactivity in Conscious Rats.

Objective: To investigate pathways involving beta-3 adrenergic receptors (ARs) in detrusor overactivity induced by cold stress, we determined if the beta-3 AR agonist CL316243 could modulate the cold stress-induced detrusor overactivity in normal rats.

Methods: Two days prior to cystometric investigations, the bladders of 10-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were cannulated. Cystometric measurements of the unanesthetized, unrestricted rats were taken to estimate baseline values at room temperature (RT, 27 ± 2 °C) for 20 min.

Expression of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors in Human Urinary Bladders with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Introduction: This study investigated the mRNA expression pattern and distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT3A, 5-HT4, and 5-HT7 within the urothelium and detrusor of normal bladder tissue and in the urothelium of bladders from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: Normal urinary bladder specimens were obtained from 13 patients undergoing radical cystectomy due to bladder cancer (normal group) and BPH specimens were obtained from 27 benign prostatic obstruction patients receiving transurethral prostatectomy or retropubic prostatectomy. Receptor subtype mRNA expression was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on urothelium, detrusor, and whole mucosal preparations.

Transient receptor potential channel superfamily: Role in lower urinary tract function.

Lower urinary tract symptoms associated with neurogenic bladder and overactive bladder syndrome are mediated in part by members of the transient receptor potential channel superfamily. The best studied member of this superfamily is the vanilloid receptor. Other transient receptor potential channels, such as the melastatin receptor and the ankyrin receptor, are also active in the pathogenesis of lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Engineered bone marrow-derived cell sheets restore structure and function of radiation-injured rat urinary bladders.

Previously, we reported that implantation of isolated single bone marrow-derived cells into radiation-injured urinary bladders could restore structure and function. However, injections of isolated single cells had some limitations. Thus, in this study, we produced bone marrow-derived cell sheets in temperature-responsive culture dishes that release the monolayer sheets intact.

Muscarinic receptors mediate cold stress-induced detrusor overactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Objectives: This study determined if muscarinic receptors could mediate the cold stress-induced detrusor overactivity induced in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Methods: Ten-week-old female Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats (n = 12) and Wister Kyoto non-diabetic rats (n = 12) were maintained on a high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Cystometric investigations of the unanesthetized rats were carried out at room temperature (27 ± 2°C) for 20 min.

Implantation of autologous adipose-derived cells reconstructs functional urethral sphincters in rabbit cryoinjured urethra.

We investigated the ability of autologous adipose-derived cells injected into cryoinjured rabbit urethras to improve urinary continence and explored the possible mechanisms by which it occurred. Adipose tissue was harvested from the perivesical region of nine 10-week-old female New Zealand White rabbits and cultured for 7 days. Immediately after harvesting the tissue, we injured the internal urethral orifice by spraying liquid nitrogen for 20 s.

Alpha1 -adrenergic receptors mediate bladder overactivity induced by cold stress in rats with bladder outlet obstruction.

Purpose: To determine if alpha1 -adrenergic receptors (AR) mediate bladder overactivity induced by cold stress in rats with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).

Materials And Methods: The urethras of 10-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were ligated to create BOO. After 4 weeks, cystometric investigations were performed at room temperature (RT, 27 ± 2°C) for 20 min.

Correlation Between Bladder Mucosal Alpha-1D/Alpha-1A Adrenoceptor mRNA Ratio and Lower Urinary Tract Function in Benign Prostatic Obstruction Patients.

Objectives: Alpha-1 adrenoceptor (AR) antagonists are commonly used as therapeutic agents for patients with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Our objective was to investigate the correlation between the ratio of bladder mucosal alpha-1D/alpha-1A adrenoceptor mRNA and lower urinary tract function in BPO patients.

Methods: In 20 BPO patients, the expression level of alpha-1 AR mRNAs in the bladder mucosal biopsies was investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

Cold stress induces lower urinary tract symptoms.

Cold stress as a result of whole-body cooling at low environmental temperatures exacerbates lower urinary tract symptoms, such as urinary urgency, nocturia and residual urine. We established a model system using healthy conscious rats to explore the mechanisms of cold stress-induced detrusor overactivity. In this review, we summarize the basic findings shown by this model.

A galenical produced from Ba-Wei-Die-Huang-Wan (THC-002) provides resistance to the cold stress-induced detrusor overactivity in conscious rats.

Aims: We determined if THC-002, a galenical produced from Ba-Wei-Die-Huang-Wan, could increase skin temperature and inhibit detrusor overactivity induced by sudden whole body cooling. Further, we determined if THC-002 could decrease expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channels associated with the cold responses.

Methods: Hind leg skin temperature of female 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats was measured by thermal imaging.

Male lower urinary tract symptoms and α1D-adrenoceptors.

Historically, α(1)-adrenoceptors have been classified into three subtypes (α(1)(A), α(1)(B) and α(1)(D)) that are widely distributed in various organs. Research on the α(1)(D)-adrenoceptors in the bladder, urethra and prostate has focused on the relationship between expression levels and symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction, and the implications and functional roles of α(1)(D)-adrenoceptors subtypes in these organs. The α(1)(D)-adrenoceptor messenger ribonucleic acid and protein seem to be increased in obstructed bladders or small capacity bladders.

The relationship between α1-adrenergic receptors and TRPM8 channels in detrusor overactivity induced by cold stress in ovariectomized rats.

Purpose: We studied whether cold stress induced detrusor overactivity in ovariectomized rats is associated with increased thermosensitive TRPM8 channel expression in the skin and whether the response could be inhibited by α1-adrenergic receptor blockade.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley® rats at postnatal week 30 were randomly selected for ovariectomy (16) or sham ovariectomy (8). Five weeks later cystometric measurements of conscious, freely moving rats were made at room temperature (mean ± SEM 28C ± 2C) for 20 minutes.