Retroperitoneal abscess associated with closed pelvic ring fracture diagnosed by fine free air on initial trauma pan computed tomography scan.

The patient was a 49-year-old male. He had a closed fracture of the pelvic ring that was treated successfully by avoiding anterior pelvic ring stabilization because of the presence of microscopic free air in the retroperitoneal space behind the pubic bone on initial whole-body trauma computed tomography scan. For his pelvic ring injury, transiliac rod and screw fixation was performed without the need for a pubic symphysis plate by developing the retroperitoneal space.

Survey of sensory impairment in critically ill patients after intensive care unit discharge: An ambidirectional cohort study.

Background: Sensory impairment affects the quality of life after intensive care. However, no studies have comprehensively examined sensory impairment after intensive care.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sensory impairment in critically ill patients.

Characteristics of patients resuscitated after burn related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Aim: This study's objective was to describe the characteristics of burn injury patients who were resuscitated after burn related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study and examined characteristics of burn related OHCA using data from a Japanese nationwide burn registry that was collected between April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2020. First, we compared the characteristics of burn patients with and without OHCA.

Association of early-onset constipation and diarrhoea with patient outcomes in critically ill ventilated patients: A retrospective observational cohort study.

Background: Constipation and diarrhoea are closely related, but few studies have examined them simultaneously.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe patient defecation status after intensive care unit (ICU) admission and determine the association between early-onset constipation and diarrhoea following ICU admission with outcomes for critically ill ventilated patients.

Methods: Patients ventilated for ≥48 h in an ICU were retrospectively investigated, and their defecation status was assessed during the first week after admission.

Adequacy of compression positioning using the feedback device during chest compressions by medical staff in a simulation study.

Background: The 2020 American Heart Association guidelines recommend the use of a feedback device during chest compressions (CCs). However, these devices are only placed visually by medical personnel on the lower half of the sternum and do not provide feedback on the adequacy of the pressure-delivery position. In this study, we investigated whether medical staff could deliver CCs at the adequate compression position using a feedback device and identified where the inadequate position was compressed.

Reflection analysis of absorbing film with diffractive structures for incoherent light by rigorous coupled-wave analysis.

Reflectivity is useful for evaluating the extinction coefficient; however, it is highly sensitive to the refractive index structure. In this study, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method for evaluating the influence of the structure on reflectivity using rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), and apply it to analyze the reflectivity of the dye rhodamine B. The reflection-absorption spectrum of the film was significantly affected by its surface and internal structure.

Impact of adverse events on patient outcomes in a Japanese intensive care unit: a retrospective observational study.

Aim: We investigated adverse events (AEs) in a Japanese intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluated the impact of cause-specific AEs on mortality and length of stay.

Design: A retrospective observational study in the ICU of an academic hospital.

Methods: We reviewed medical records with the Global Trigger Tool.

Development of the Japanese version of the Intensive Care Unit Trigger Tool to detect adverse events in critically ill patients.

Aim: The Intensive Care Unit Trigger Tool (ICUTT) was developed to detect adverse events (AEs) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the ICUTT (ICUTT-J).

Methods: The translation of ICUTT was carried out based on the guideline for translation of instruments.

Association Between Perineal Burns Injury and In-hospital Mortality: A Retrospective Observational Study from the Nation-Wide Burn Registry in Japan.

Although perineal burn injury is included in the burn center referral criteria for Advanced Burn Life Support, clinical evidence that perineal burn injury increases mortality risk is limited, especially from Asian countries. The objective of this study was to investigate whether perineal burns affect in-hospital mortality. Using data from the nation-wide burn registry collected from April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2019, we retrospectively identified 10,179 hospitalized burn patients over 16 years of age.

Adequacy of hand positioning by medical personnel during chest compression in a simulation study.

Aim: During chest compressions (CCs), the hand position at the lower half of the sternum is not strictly maintained, unlike depth or rate. This study was conducted to determine whether medical staff could adequately push at a marked location on the lower half of the sternum, identify where the inappropriate hand position was shifted to, and correct the inappropriate hand position.

Methods: This simulation-based, prospective single-center study enrolled 44 medical personnel.

High accuracy cross-sectional shape analysis by coherent soft x-ray diffraction.

When the scatterer size is less than 100 wavelengths, the effect of diffraction is large. The analysis of diffraction is important for 3D shape measurement. However, in soft x rays, shapes suitable for rigorous diffraction analysis have been limited to ellipses and periodic structures.

Fatal acute hypernatremia resulting from a massive intake of seasoning soy sauce.

Background: Hypernatremia due to salt poisoning is clinically rare and standard care procedures have not been established. We report a case of salt poisoning due to massive intake of seasoning soy sauce.

Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with seizures and remarkable hypernatremia with a serum sodium concentration of 183 mEq/L.

Delayed union of a surgically treated fragility fracture of the pelvis: A case report.

Introduction: There are no universally accepted treatment strategies for fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFPs). The incidence of delayed union or non-union of Type IIIa FFP is still unknown.

Presentation Of Case: We describe a case of delayed union of a Type IIIa FFP.

Association between fluid overload and delirium/coma in mechanically ventilated patients.

Aim: Several studies have shown an association between fluid overload (FO) and mortality or duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. However, the association between FO and delirium duration remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study was undertaken at University of Tsukuba Hospital (Tsukuba, Japan) from April 2015 to March 2017.

The Validity and Reliability of the Japanese Version of the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium.

Objectives: To examine validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium.

Design: Prospective double-blinded observational cohort study.

Setting: Eight-bed mixed PICU (post-surgical and internal medicine) from May 2017 to June 2018.

Risk factors for prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay among patients with acute drug overdose in Japan.

Aim: Hospital selection for patients with drug overdose (DOD) is a critical issue. In Tokyo, the 50-tablet rule has been widely utilized by paramedics for triaging patients with DOD given that it shortens the triage time. However, studies have not investigated the utility of such a rule in local cities.

Verifying the validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Behavioral Scale.

Background: Pediatric patients, especially in the preverbal stage, cannot self-report intensity of pain therefore several validated observational tools, including the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Behavioral Scale, have been used as a benchmark to evaluate pediatric pain. Unfortunately, this scale is currently unavailable in Japanese, precluding its widespread use in Japanese hospitals.

Objectives: To translate and verify the validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the FLACC Behavioral Scale.

Method for Prediction of Efficacy of Sugammadex Administered to Recover from Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade in Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery Cases.

Sugammadex (SDX), a neuromuscular blocking-reversal agent, quickly reverses neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium (RCR). SDX dosage is set according to the state of neuromuscular blockade determined with a neuromuscular monitoring device. However, in clinical situations, such a devise is not frequently used.

A case of disseminated cryptococcosis with necrotizing fasciitis in a non-HIV patient.

Case: Disseminated cryptococcosis is a well-recognized condition among HIV patients, but it also occurs in non-HIV patients. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by cryptococcus is rare. An 81-year-old man who had received steroid therapy presented with erythema and pain in his right thigh.

Cross-sectional particle measurement in the resonance domain on the substrate through scatterometry.

We developed a versatile method for three-dimensional shape measurement where a specific particle can be selected on the substrate and its cross-sectional shape and size can be measured. A non-contact fast measurement is possible for the particle in the resonance domain. We applied rigorous coupled-wave analysis to the particle and calculated the diffraction patterns, comparing the patterns with the experimental results to obtain the size and shape.

Utility of blood lactate level in triage.

Aim: Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) is commonly used at disaster scenes. The Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) is used in urban and rural emergency departments (ED). However, triage is not always accurate or appropriate.

Precise and rapid distance measurements by scatterometry.

We found that the distances between isolated scatterers with similar columnar shapes could be measured by taking a single Fourier transform of their diffraction intensity. If the scatterers have different shapes, the distances between similar shapes can be selected from the distances between all the shapes. The distance from a specific scatterer can be measured with a resolution of 0.

Intraoperative EC-IC bypass blood flow assessment with indocyanine green angiography in moyamoya and non-moyamoya ischemic stroke.

Objective: Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis has been used in moyamoya disease (MD) and non-moyamoya ischemic stroke (non-MD). It is important to monitor hemodynamic changes caused by bypass surgery for postoperative management. We evaluated the bypass blood flow during STA-MCA anastomosis by using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography.

Effects of revascularisation on evoked cerebral blood oxygenation responses in stroke patients.

We demonstrated that ischemic strokes exhibit an increase of deoxyhemoglobin during activation. We evaluated the effect of revascu-larization on the abnormal evoked cerebral blood oxygenation (CBO) re-sponses in these patients, employing near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We selected five patients who exhibited an increase of deoxyhemoglobin associated with increases of oxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin during activation for this study.