Publications by authors named "Tetsutaro Hayashi"

Primordial follicle activation (PFA) is a pivotal event in female reproductive biology, coordinating the transition from quiescent to growing follicles. This study employed comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing to gain insights into the detailed regulatory mechanisms governing the synchronized dormancy and activation between granulosa cells (GCs) and oocytes with the progression of the PFA process. Wntless (Wls) conditional knockout (cKO) mice served as a unique model, suppressing the transition from pre-GCs to GCs, and disrupting somatic cell-derived WNT signaling in the ovary.

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  • - Recent research indicates the need to understand how hydronephrosis (HN) affects muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), as previous studies showed mixed results regarding its significance and molecular characteristics.
  • - An analysis of 108 MIBC patients revealed that those with HN had a higher occurrence of the luminal papillary subtype and increased FGFR3 mutations compared to those without HN.
  • - Ultimately, while MIBC with HN shows increased FGFR3 mutations, it's the reduced renal function, not HN itself, that is linked to poor overall survival in patients.
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To propose the centrality angle (C-angle) as a novel simple nephrometry score for the evaluation of tumor complexity and prediction of perioperative outcomes in nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for renal tumors. The analysis was based on 174 patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy retrospectively. C-angle was defined as the angle occupied by the tumor from the center of the kidney in the coronal CT images.

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Background: The field of robotic surgery is still continuously advancing, with several cutting-edge robotic systems currently under development. This study aimed to present the methodology and perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) in patient with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) by utilizing the hinotori Surgical Robot System, a recently developed robot-assisted surgical platform.

Case Description: A 79-year-old man with MIBC, cT2N0M0, received RARC and ICUD after two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

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  • The study evaluates the modified 5-item frailty index's effectiveness in predicting outcomes for patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
  • It categorizes patients into high and low frailty index groups, finding that those with higher scores experienced more severe complications and poorer survival rates.
  • The results highlight the modified frailty index as a crucial tool for assessing surgical risk and predicting postoperative outcomes in these patients.
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  • The study aimed to compare the effects and safety of pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) versus lower tract urothelial carcinoma (LTUC).
  • A total of 752 patients were analyzed, revealing no significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between UTUC and LTUC groups, although the upper tract group had lower kidney function prior to treatment.
  • Patients with renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma showed a poorer prognosis compared to those with ureteral UC and LTUC, indicating potential needs for targeted treatment strategies for this subgroup.
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Objective: Comprehensive genomic profiling testing using a hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing is commonly used in clinical practice to employ precision medicine in cancer treatment worldwide. In this study, we aimed to analyze the profiles obtained using comprehensive genomic profiling testing that was performed in Japanese castration-resistant prostate cancer patients and to discuss the genetic findings in a real-world setting.

Methods: A total of 60 cases and 57 castration-resistant prostate cancer patients underwent comprehensive genomic profiling testing between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022.

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  • MCM4, previously linked to gastric cancer, shows strong nuclear expression in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), with 62% of cases exhibiting this overexpression and correlating with aggressive tumor characteristics.
  • High MCM4 levels in UTUC are positively associated with poor prognosis, high tumor grade, and invasive characteristics, as well as with other cancer markers like Ki-67 and p53.
  • MCM4 immunocytochemistry enhances urine cytology diagnostics for UC, suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for tumor progression and survival outcomes.
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  • The study investigates how the timing of nivolumab treatment affects its effectiveness in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 58 patients, comparing those who received nivolumab as a second-line treatment to those who received it later on.
  • Results indicate that patients receiving nivolumab as second-line therapy experienced better outcomes, such as lower rates of disease progression and longer progression-free survival compared to those treated later.
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Purpose: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) can be divided into renal pelvis tumor (RPT) and ureteral tumor (UT) based on the tumor origin. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin (NAC-GC) in terms of the pathological outcomes and oncological prognoses in patients with UTUC. We also compared its efficacy between RPT and UT.

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βIII-Tubulin, encoded by the TUBB3 gene, is a microtubule protein. We previously reported that TUBB3 is overexpressed in renal cell carcinoma. We investigated the clinicopathological significance of TUBB3 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) by immunohistochemistry.

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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients who report improvement in quality of life (QOL) related to urinary status after undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for localized prostate cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent RARP between May 2010 and May 2021 at our institution and were preoperatively unsatisfied with their urinary status. Patients were grouped as Group 1 (improved patients: "satisfied" with urinary status based on international prostate symptom score QOL [IPSS-QOL] = 0-2 at 12 months after RARP) and Group 2 (unimproved group: "unsatisfied"-IPSS-QOL 3-6).

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Background: While low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (LR-NMIBC) has a low propensity to progress, the risk of recurrence remains high (50% within 4 yr). Guidelines recommend cystoscopic surveillance after resection, but the necessary duration of follow-up is debated.

Objective: To determine the risk of recurrence beyond 5 yr after diagnosis in patients with LR-NMIBC, and to identify risk factors of recurrence.

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  • Defects in gastric progenitor cell differentiation can lead to disorders like atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer, but the normal differentiation processes are not fully understood.
  • Using single-cell RNA sequencing (Quartz-Seq2), the study explored how progenitor cells differentiate into pit, neck, and parietal cells in healthy mouse stomach tissues.
  • The research found that EGFR-ERK signaling encourages pit cell differentiation while NF-κB signaling keeps progenitor cells undifferentiated, revealing that EGFR promotes differentiation in normal conditions rather than simply triggering cell division, which is commonly linked to gastric cancers.
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Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common type of human cancer and, although urine cytology is a useful method for identifying high-grade UC (HGUC), its ability to diagnose low-grade UC (LGUC) is limited. The authors previously reported that annexin A10 (ANXA10) expression was strongly linked to both papillary and early stage LGUC and was inversely correlated with p53 expression in upper tract UC (UTUC) and bladder UC. However, it remains largely unknown whether ANXA10 is useful as a diagnostic marker for urine cytology.

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  • - The study investigates the long-term effectiveness of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LIESWT) for penile rehabilitation in patients recovering from robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), comparing it with traditional treatments like phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) and no treatment.
  • - Results show that patients receiving LIESWT had significantly better sexual function and potency scores than those in the control group, and the outcomes were comparable to those who used PDE5i.
  • - This research suggests that LIESWT could be a promising alternative treatment for erectile dysfunction after RARP, though the study's limitations include being conducted at a single institution.
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Maternal factors present in oocytes and surrounding granulosa cells influence early development of embryos. In this study, we searched for epigenetic regulators that are expressed in oocytes and/or granulosa cells. Some of the 120 epigenetic regulators examined were expressed specifically in oocytes and/or granulosa cells.

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Background: We previously reported preoperative radiological morphology (RM) as an independent predictor for pathological upstaging after partial nephrectomy in patients with T1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic importance of RM in all stages and the molecular characteristics underlying the differences between each type of RM in patients with clear cell RCC (ccRCC).

Design Setting And Participants: The Cancer Imaging Archive datasets (TCIA), comprising CT images and RNA-sequencing data, were used (n = 163).

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Objective: To evaluate the significance of both low and high body mass index (BMI) as a biomarker in first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods: The oncological outcome of 235 patients with mRCC treated with TKI from 2007 to 2018 was reviewed retrospectively. All patients received first-line TKI as therapy.

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  • * The study involved 223 UTUC patients, revealing that those with HV had a higher likelihood of advanced disease characteristics and significantly worse survival rates across several metrics, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
  • * HV and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were identified as independent risk factors, leading to a classification of patients into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups based on these factors, which displayed significant differences in survival outcomes over time.
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  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, and one rare subtype is chromophobe RCC (ChRCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation, which lacks clear treatment protocols.
  • This study presents two cases of ChRCC with sarcomatoid differentiation, where one patient was treated with nivolumab after sunitinib failure, and the other received ipilimumab-nivolumab as a first-line treatment.
  • Both therapeutic approaches were effective, but the patients faced immune-related side effects like interstitial nephritis and colitis, suggesting that immune checkpoint therapy can be beneficial for these specific cases.
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  • The study investigates the link between oxidative stress responses (OSRs) and the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), highlighting that OSRs are crucial for cancer progression.
  • BACH1, a key transcription factor for OSRs, is shown to be associated with worse patient prognosis and higher serum inflammation markers in ccRCC, particularly when its expression is elevated in tumors.
  • Findings suggest that BACH1 enhances tumor invasion and migration through pathways like epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and other OSR-related processes, indicating its significant role in the cancer's pathogenesis and worsening outcomes.
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Mucin 1 (MUC1) overexpression has been reported in many malignancies and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the clinicopathological significance of MUC1 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has not been investigated. We analyzed the expression and distribution of MUC1 in UTUC by immunohistochemistry.

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  • The sarcomatoid variant of urothelial carcinoma is a rare but aggressive cancer that infiltrates surrounding tissues, with limited case reports available.
  • A 75-year-old woman had a left kidney tumor that spread to nearby organs, leading to the surgical removal of multiple affected areas.
  • After surgery, she underwent chemotherapy but unfortunately passed away five months later, marking the first known instance of this cancer variant invading the pancreas and descending colon.
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