Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may lower body temperature: A case-control study.

Aims: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) enhance GABAergic transmission via the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor pathway. Oral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration reduces body temperature in humans; thus, DPP4i may reduce body temperature in humans. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of DPP4i administration on the body temperature of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on glycated hemoglobin levels relies on dietary sodium intake.

Aims: Sodium load increases endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in humans. Therefore, patients with an increased amount of dietary sodium intake are supposed to have higher endogenous GLP-1 levels compared to those with less dietary sodium intake. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with more dietary sodium intake show better dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) effect on glycemic control because of the expected higher GLP-1 level.

The Impact of Age- and Sex-Specific Reference Ranges for Serum Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine on the Diagnosis of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction: A Multicenter Study from Japan.

Reference ranges for serum thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and free triiodothyronine (fT3) established without considering age- and sex-based differences are currently used to evaluate thyroid function. Therefore, we investigated age- and sex-based differences in serum TSH and thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid individuals. We performed cross-sectional analyses of retrospective data collected from two Japanese institutions.