Rectal perforation following SpaceOAR placement combined with permanent prostate brachytherapy.

Introduction: We report a case of rectal perforation following SpaceOAR placement utilized with iodine-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old patient with localized prostate cancer underwent SpaceOAR placement following LDR-BT. No significant issues occurred with the SpaceOAR procedure, and no abnormalities were found on the next day's T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Hard bilateral syphilitic testes with vasculitis: a case report and literature review.

Background: We report the case of a patient with syphilitic testicular gumma and vasculitis with adrenal failure due to chronic steroid use.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old male presented with hard right eye swelling and very firm bilateral testes on palpation, which he had for 2 years. Testicular tumor markers were negative; syphilis test was positive.

Perineal recurrence of prostate ductal adenocarcinoma after transperineal brachytherapy: a case report and literature review.

Perineal recurrence after brachytherapy is an exceedingly rare complication. Moreover, ductal adenocarcinoma is a rare histological variant of prostate cancer. Herein, we describe a case of perineal recurrence from ductal adenocarcinoma of prostate after low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) in a 65-year-old male patient.

Placement of SpaceOAR hydrogel spacer for prostate cancer patients treated with iodine-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to report on our early experience with hydrogel spacer (SpaceOAR) placement in combination with iodine-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer.

Methods: From April 2018, SpaceOAR hydrogel spacer was placed in 100 consecutive patients undergoing iodine-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy. Complications and the status of the placement were evaluated.

A Phase II Study of Cisplatin Plus Gemcitabine followed by Maintenance Gemcitabine for Advanced Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Kyoto Thoracic Oncology Research Group 1302.

Background: There has been no study so far on gemcitabine continuous maintenance therapy targeting only squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cisplatin plus gemcitabine followed by maintenance gemcitabine for chemotherapy- naïve Japanese patients with advanced squamous NSCLC.

Methods: The patients received 4 cycles of gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2, days 1 and 8) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2, day 1) every 3 weeks, followed by gemcitabine alone as maintenance therapy every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

[EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF TADALAFIL IN VERY ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS].

(Aim) The α-1 blockers have been used as first-line therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms (BPH/LUTS). A new phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, tadalafil, was approved in 2014 and received a Grade A recommendation in the 2017 clinical practice guidelines for LUTS. In this study, we examined the effectiveness and safety of tadalafil in very elderly patients with LUTS.

[A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis that showed solitary ground-glass opacity in the subpleural area].

A 58-year-old man visited our department regarding a growing ground-glass opacity (GGO) on chest CT. He underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery, because a malignancy such as bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma was suspected. However, histopathologic examination revealed pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP).

[Three cases of removal of intrabronchial metal nails].

We describe the successful extraction from an airway of foreign bodies metal nails in three cases. They were all carpenters, and often held nails between their lips. Case 1: a 72-year-old man had aspirated a nail three months earlier, but did not seek medical assistance at the time.

[A case of bronchogenic carcinoma which obtained long-term relapse free survival by argon plasma coagulation].

A 69-year-old man was admitted complaining of bloody sputum. A chest X-ray and CT revealed no abnormal findings, but bronchoscopy revealed a squamous cell carcinoma nodular lesion in the bifurcation between the left B(1+2)a and B(1+2)b. After two courses of chemotherapy (CBDCA + PAC), the nodular lesion disappeared.

[A case of effective photodynamic therapy for local recurrence after definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer].

We performed a photodynamic therapy for local recurrence after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. The patient was a 60s man, who presented dysphasia. Esophagoscopy, CT and FDG-PET revealed an advanced esophageal cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastasis.

Intrabronchial foreign body extracted with tranilast and corticosteroid.

We present a case of intrabronchial foreign body buried in granulation tissue, which was successfully extracted administrating tranilast (n-[3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl] anthranilic acid), suppressing collagen synthesis by fibroblasts in keloid and hypertrophic scars, and corticosteroid. Bronchoscopy of a 74-year-old man showed the nail was buried in reactive granulation tissue and could not be observed from the surface. Tranilast at 300 mg/day and methylprednisolone at 250 mg/day were prescribed for 4 days, followed by a reduction of the corticosteroid to 40 mg/day for 3 days.

[A case of drug-induced interstitial pneumonia caused by TS-1].

A 75-year-old man underwent right hemi-colectomy in 2003. After recurrence in November, 2005, he had been given CDDP and TS-1. He had complained of cough with white sputum and fever from the end of October, 2006, however, antibiotics did not improve his symptoms.

[Case of malignant lymphoma associated with rheumatoid arthritis].

A 72-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with exacerbation of dyspnea. She had a history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for 26 years, and had been taking methotrexate and prednisolone. Chest radiograph and chest CT revealed marked mediastinal and right axillary lymph node swelling, interstitial shadows and bilateral pleural effusion.

[Two cases of lung abscesses successfully treated with percutaneous drainage].

We report two cases of lung abscesses treated with percutaneous drainage. A 69-year-old man with diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital because of fever. Chest radiograph and chest CT scan demonstrated a lung abscess adjacent to the chest wall in right S10.

[A case of asymptomatic racemose hemangioma treated by bronchial artery embolization].

A 69-year-old man had an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray and bronchoscopic examination showed that left B4 was completely occluded by a tumor. A non-pulsatile polypoid nodule was also found in right B'. The tumor in the left B4 was diagnosed as carcinoid, but the nodule in right B' was suspected to be hemangioma and biopsy was not performed.

[A case of meningeal carcinomatosis from lung cancer successfully treated with aggressive multimodal therapy].

A 44-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of brain metastasis and intrapulmonary exacerbation of lung adenocarcinoma. Systemic chemotherapy (PAC + CBDCA) was administered, but neurological symptoms (muscle weakness of limbs and disorientation) appeared. Lumbar puncture and enhanced MRI of lumber vertebrae revealed meningeal carcinomatosis.

[Pseudotumor by asymptomatic pulmonary infarction diagnosed by video-assisted thoracic surgery].

Two cases of asymptomatic pulmonary infarction were diagnosed by open lung biopsy with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Case 1: A pulmonary nodule in right S8b was pointed out in a 62-year-old man undergoing hemodialysis on chest x-ray film and CT. Case 2: A 50-year-old woman had undergone left mastectomy for mammary cancer 3 years previously and total hip replacement 1 year before.

Tracheal stenosis caused by retrosternal dislocation of the right clavicle.

A 17-year-old woman was admitted to our institution because of tracheal stenosis. She had undergone tracheostomy after a traffic accident, but the stenosis had persisted. Chest computed tomography showed retrosternal dislocation of the right sternoclavicular joint and compression of the trachea by the medial head of the right clavicle.

Trans-arterial infusion chemotherapy for recurrence of pleural dissemination after thymectomy.

We present a report of trans-arterial infusion chemotherapy through the intercostal arteries and subphrenic artery for pleural dissemination of recurrent thymoma after thymectomy. The disseminated tumor did not enlarge for more than a year after this treatment, and there were no side effects. Trans-arterial infusion chemotherapy appears to be a preferable procedure for pleural dissemination of thymoma.

[A case of infected emphysematous bulla successfully treated with percutaneous thoracic drainage].

We present a case of infected emphysematous bulla successfully treated by percutaneous drainage. A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and right lateral chest pain. A chest radiograph and CT revealed a cystic lesion with an air fluid level in the upper lobe of the right lung.

A case of thymoma protruding into the superior vena cava through the thymic vein.

We describe an unusual case of an invasive thymoma protruding into the superior vena cava and left brachiocephalic vein through the thymic veins in a 64-year-old patient. The tumor was resected with a bypass of the right brachiocephalic vein and right atrium. Although this type of growth form is rare for an invasive thymoma, this case suggests that in surgical procedures for thymomas, meticulous examination of the thymic veins is necessary to avoid leaving residual tumor.

[Two cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung cancer detected with MRI].

We report two cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung cancer detected by MRI. Case 1: A 77-year-old man underwent chemotherapy and left lower lung lobectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (T2N0M0). About one year later, he complained of paresthesia of the lower extremities and claudication on walking, and then of weakness of the lower limbs and bladder dysfunction.

[A case of paraneoplastic syndrome improved following chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer].

Paraneoplastic neurosyndrome (PNS) is a group of neurological disorders caused by or associated with neoplasms that are not direct effects of the primary tumor or of a metastasis to the involved organs. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunosuppressive therapy, and plasmapheresis have been performed to treat PNS, but improvement of the neurological disorder is rather rare. A 64-year-old man was referred to our hospital with dysesthesia of the extremities and ataxic gait.