Clinical features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and visual outcomes in the absence of classic choroidal neovascularization.

Background/aims: To report on the clinical features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and to delineate visual outcomes in the absence of classic choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Methods: Records were retrospectively reviewed of 233 eyes of 215 patients diagnosed with 'definite' PCV using Japanese criteria.

Results: Of patients with definite PCV, 72.

[Survey of silicone oil for ocular diseases in Japan].

Purpose: To survey the use of silicone oil in clinical ophthalmology in Japan.

Subjects And Methods: Questionnaires were sent to 1,240 hospitals registered as being ophthalmology residency training institutions with the Japanese Ophthalmological Society as of September 2007. Responses were collected via the Internet and results totaled.

[Clinical features of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery evaluated by the presence of background factors].

Purpose: The clinical features and visual prognosis after vitrectomy for endophthalmitis which had developed after cataract surgery were compared in two groups with or without background factors, including malignant tumor, diabetes, oral steroid administration, collagen disease, dacryocystitis, and lid closure disturbance.

Method: Fifty-two patients (53 eyes) who underwent a vitrectomy for the treatment of endophthalmitis which had developed within 6 weeks after cataract surgery. They were divided into two groups according to the presence (21 eyes, group A) or absence (32 eyes, group B) of background factors, and were retrospectively compared based on their medical records.

[Survey of the use of long-lasting expanding gases in ophthalmology in Japan].

Purpose: To survey the use of long-lasting expanding gases in ophthalmology in Japan.

Subjects And Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 1,236 teaching hospitals approved by the Japanese Ophthalmological Society requesting information regarding indications, methods, efficacy and complications related to the use of long-lasting expanding gases administered from January through December 2005.

Results: Four-hundred and fifty-nine hospitals responded to the survey (response rate 37.

[Survey of triamcinolone acetonide for ocular diseases in Japan].

Purpose: To survey the use of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) for ocular disease in Japan.

Subjects And Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 1,236 teaching hospitals approved by the Japanese Ophthalmological Society requesting information regarding indications, methods, efficacy and complications of TA administered from January through December 2005. The survey specifically covered the use of TA in intravitreal injections, sub-Tenon's injections and intraoperatively during vitrectomy procedures.

Phototoxic effects of commercial photographic flash lamp on rat eyes.

Background: To determine whether exposure of the cornea and retina of rats to flashes from a commercial photographic flash lamp is phototoxic.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 10, 100, or 1,000 flashes of the OPTICAM 16M photographic flash lamp (Fujikoeki, Japan) placed 0.1, 1, or 3 m from the eyes.

Localization and ontogeny of aquaporin-1 and -4 expression in iris and ciliary epithelial cells in rats.

The precise localization of aquaporin (AQP)1 and AQP4 was studied in iris and ciliary epithelial cells, in both mature and developing rats, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying aqueous humor balance. Anterior segments of eyes dissected from embryonic day (E)13, E15, E18, and E20, postnatal day (P)0, P7, and P14, and postnatal week 8 rats were subjected to immunofluorescence analysis with AQP isoform-specific antibodies. In adult rat eye, AQP1 was localized to the apical and basolateral plasma membranes of iris epithelial cell layers and of anterior ciliary non-pigmented epithelial (NPE) cells.

Vitrectomy for myopic posterior retinoschisis or foveal detachment.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy for posterior retinoschisis (RS) or foveal detachment (FD) associated with posterior staphyloma in myopic eyes.

Methods: We reviewed the records of 14 consecutive patients (53-77 years of age; 16 eyes) with progressive visual impairment as a result of myopic RS or FD. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated the presence of a variety of RS and FD characteristics.

Negative electroretinograms in pericentral pigmentary retinal degeneration.

The clinical presentation and electrophysiological findings are described of three consecutive cases with pericentral pigmentary retinal degeneration. The responses to bright flashes after dark adaptation showed negative waveform shape in all cases. Rod responses were strongly reduced compared with cone responses.

[A case report illustrating the effectiveness of reading performance assessments in the diagnosis and treatment of psychogenic visual disturbances].

Purpose: An optimal strategy for treating psychogenic visual disturbances in adults has not been established. We report a patient with psychogenic visual disturbances who recovered his visual acuity and showed an improvement in his reading performance after undergoing training based on a reading performance assessment.

Case: A 37-year-old man who had been diagnosed as having myopic macular degeneration was referred to our clinic.

Multilayered retinoschisis associated with optic disc pit.

Background: Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis has contributed greatly to the detection of posterior retinoschisis associated with optic disc pits. We report an unusual case of optic disc pit maculopathy.

Case: A 37-year-old woman with a multilayered structure of posterior retinoschisis associated with a very small, shallow optic disc pit was treated.

Long-term results of vitrectomy without laser treatment for macular detachment associated with an optic disc pit.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy and gas tamponade, without laser photocoagulation to the margin of the optic nerve, for the treatment of macular detachment associated with an optic disc pit.

Design: Noncomparative interventional case series.

Participants: Eleven consecutive patients (8-47 years of age) who presented with unilateral macular detachment associated with an optic disc pit.

Unusual posterior hyaloid strand in a young child with optic disc pit maculopathy: intraoperative and histopathological findings.

Background: The mechanism responsible for optic disc pit maculopathy is unclear, but abnormal vitreous structures, including the anomalous Cloquet's canal at the optic disc pit, have been suggested as important factors.

Case: We report the intraoperative and ultrastructural findings of an unusual posterior vitreous strand in the eye of an 8-year-old girl with optic disc pit maculopathy.

Observations: The patient presented with decreased vision in the left eye.

Histological effect and protein expression in subthreshold transpupillary thermotherapy in rabbit eyes.

Objective: To investigate the histological effect of subthreshold transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) on the retina.

Methods: We performed TTT in normal pigmented rabbit eyes using an 810-nm diode laser with spot size of 1.2 mm, power of 50 mW, and varying durations of 15, 30, or 60 seconds.

[Diagnostic value of interleukin-10 and interleukin-6 in the vitreous of intraocular malignant lymphoma patients].

Objective: Recent data suggest that the concentration of interleukin-10 (IL-10) is higher than that of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the vitreous of eyes of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In this study, we evaluated the utility of measuring intravitreal IL-10 and IL-6 concentrations in the diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma.

Methods: Specimens of undiluted vitreous were collected at the time of pars plana vitrectomy and IL-10 and IL-6 concentrations were determined.

[Significance of leukocytes in the regulation of retinal edema, ischemia, and angiogenesis].

Background: Involvement of leukocytes in three major pathologic conditions in the retina, i.e., edema, ischemia, and angiogenesis, has recently been thoroughly investigated.

[Sweet syndrome presenting as orbital cellulitis].

Background: A case of Sweet syndrome mimicking orbital cellulitis is reported.

Case: A 17-year-old girl presented with painful eyelid swelling, limited ocular movement in the right eye, and an increased white cell count. The patient was initially diagnosed as having infectious orbital cellulitis, but her symptoms did not improve with administration of intravenous carbanpenem and cefzon.

[Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery].

Purpose: To identify risk factors of poor visual outcome with vitrectomy for early-onset endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: Clinical records of 29 consecutive eyes with endophthalmitis developing within 6 weeks after cataract surgery and that underwent therapeutic vitrectomy between June 1996 and April 2001 were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-two of the eyes received intravitreal injections of vancomycin and ceftazidime at the time of vitrectomy, and all patients received intravenous antibiotics.

[A case of endogenous Aeromonas hydrophila endophthalmitis].

Background: Aeromonas hydrophila(A. hydrophila) may cause septicemia in immunocompromised hosts, but endophthalmitis due to this agent is quite rare. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of A.

Elevated expression of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins and O-GlcNAc transferase in corneas of diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.

Purpose: The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway is one of the possible mechanisms involved in diabetic keratopathy. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of O-glycoside-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins in the pathogenesis of diabetic keratopathy in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, which has spontaneous development of diabetes.

Methods: An anti-O-GlcNAc antibody, an anti-O-GlcNAc transferase antibody, and digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled cRNA probes were used to examine the localization of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, O-GlcNAc transferase protein and mRNA in the corneas of diabetic GK rats and in those of nondiabetic Wistar rats.