Wireless biosensor system for real-time cholesterol monitoring in fish "Nile tilapia".

The rapidly increasing demand for cultured fish as a food resource requires simple, effective methods for controlling fish health in culture conditions. Plasma total cholesterol levels are significantly related to fish mortality following bacterial challenge, and are thus a good indicator of the general health of fish. We developed a wireless biosensor system to continuously monitor the total cholesterol concentration in fish (Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus).

Biosensor system for continuous glucose monitoring in fish.

A biosensor system was developed for continuous estimation of blood glucose in fish. Because it is difficult to measure blood components in real-time due to decreased sensor output resulting from blood coagulation and coalescing blood proteins at the sensor placement site, we used the eyeball scleral interstitial fluid (EISF) as the site of sensor implantation. Evaluation of the relationship between EISF and blood glucose concentrations revealed that the blood glucose concentration correlated closely with the EISF glucose concentration (y=2.

Wireless enzyme sensor system for real-time monitoring of blood glucose levels in fish.

Periodic checks of fish health and the rapid detection of abnormalities are thus necessary at fish farms. Several studies indicate that blood glucose levels closely correlate to stress levels in fish and represent the state of respiratory or nutritional disturbance. We prepared a wireless enzyme sensor system to determine blood glucose levels in fish.

Immunomagnetic separation using carbonyl iron powder and flow cytometry for rapid detection of Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Bacterial cold water disease, caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum, is a serious problem in the aquaculture industry worldwide. Several methods to prevent and treat cold water disease have been studied. Although detection at the early stage of F.

Optical enzyme sensor for determining L-lysine content using L-lysine oxidase from the rockfish Sebastes schlegeli.

L-lysine (L-Lys) in living bodies is critical for metabolism; therefore, determination of its levels in food is important. Most enzymatic methods for L-Lys analysis are performed using L-lysine oxidase (LyOx), but commercially manufactured LyOx is generally not highly selective for L-Lys among amino acids. We previously isolated LyOx as an antibacterial protein secreted from the skin of the rockfish Sebastes schlegeli.

Combination of immunomagnetic separation with flow cytometry for detection of Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes can grow at the low temperature commonly used in the storage and transportation of food, and the number of cases of food poisoning caused by L. monocytogenes has increased recently in the US and Europe. Several methods of detecting L.

A needle-type optical enzyme sensor system for determining glucose levels in fish blood.

A needle-type biosensor system was developed for rapid and simple determination of glucose levels in fish blood. The sensor comprises a needle-type hollow container (18-gauge needle), immobilized enzyme membrane and optic fiber probe with ruthenium complex. The enzyme membrane was prepared from glucose oxidase, azide-unit pendant water-soluble photopolymer and an ultra-thin dialysis membrane.

Rapid direct determination using combined separation by prepared immunomagnetic and flow cytometry of Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD), was originally isolated from coho salmon Oncorhychus kisutch in the USA. Bacterial cold-water disease has since been spreading throughout Japan and has caused serious damage to populations of ayu Plecoglossus altivel in many farms and rivers. The rapid method of detecting for F.

Isolation and characterization of a cold-induced nonculturable suppression mutant of Vibrio vulnificus.

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) suppression mutant formed platable cells at low temperature stress after inoculation in artificial seawater (ASW). Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify differentially expressed genes among cDNAs of the VBNC suppression mutant and the wild-type Vibrio vulnificus strain. Glutathione S-transferase was identified as a responsive gene of the VBNC suppression mutant in our assay, and was highly expressed from the VBNC suppression mutant at low temperature stress.

Mutagenicity of steviol and its oxidative derivatives in Salmonella typhimurium TM677.

Stevioside is natural non-caloric sweetner isolated from Stevia rebaudiana BERTONI, which has been used as a non-caloric sugar substitute in Japan. Pezzuto et al. demonstrated that steviol shows a dose-dependent positive response in forward mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium TM677 in the presence of metabolic activation system (Aroclor induced rat liver S9 fraction).