Extracellular microvesicle microRNAs, along with imaging metrics, improve detection of aggressive prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Early diagnosis of the disease provides better treatment options for these patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides an overall assessment of prostate disease.

Corrigendum: Discovery of metastases in thyroid cancer and "benign metastasizing goiter": a historical note.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.

Discovery of metastases in thyroid cancer and "benign metastasizing goiter": a historical note.

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, most physicians recognized cancer as an aggressive process that gradually spreads, leading to cachexia and death. Thyroid malignancies had long been underestimated because the majority of the population of West Europe suffered from diffuse goiters that masked malignant processes in the neck. Moreover, the life expectancy at that time was very low (about 37-40 years), so the majority of people died of other causes before metastatic thyroid cancer could develop and manifest.

Impact of PTRIA (Patient Test Result Information Act) on patient follow up management.

Objective: We aim to study if direct patient notification in accordance with the Patient Test Results Information Act (Act 112) in Pennsylvania leads to decreased loss to follow up and prompt management of actionable imaging findings.

Methods: For this IRB-approved study, radiology reports were randomly identified using the Nuance mPower™ search engine. The actionable finding group (prior to Act-112) contained 300 patients for which a voice notification was sent by radiologists to alert ordering physicians about significant imaging findings.

HIV Lymphadenopathy: Differential Diagnosis and Important Imaging Features.

The purpose of this article is to review important imaging and clinical features to help elucidate causes of lymphadenopathy in patients with HIV infection. HIV lymphadenopathy has various causes generally categorized as inflammatory or reactive, such as immune reconstitution syndrome; infectious, such as tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections and HIV infection itself; and neoplastic, such as lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and Castleman disease. It is important to consider patients' demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, CD4 lymphocyte counts, and radiologic features to identify likely causes of lymphadenopathy.

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Update on Imaging.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), arising from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid, accounts for 1-2% of thyroid cancers. MTC is frequently aggressive and metastasizes to cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bones. Although a number of new imaging modalities for directing the management of oncologic patients evolved over the last two decades, the clinical application of these novel techniques is limited in MTC.

Fibrous dysplasia for radiologists: beyond ground glass bone matrix.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a congenital disorder arising from sporadic mutation of the α-subunit of the Gs stimulatory protein. Osseous changes are characterised by the replacement and distortion of normal bone with poorly organised, structurally unsound, fibrous tissue. The disease process may be localised to a single or multiple bones.

Transseptal course of anomalous left main coronary artery originating from single right coronary orifice presenting as unstable angina.

Transseptal course of coronary artery has often been described as a benign entity; however, this report and literature analysis provides growing evidence of high risk of serious cardiovascular events in this anomaly. We present a case of unstable angina in a patient with anomalous common origin of left and right coronary arteries from a single coronary ostium at the right sinus of Valsalva, with subsequent transseptal course of the left main artery, review of relevant literature, and discussion of possible management options.

ABCs of the degenerative spine.

Unlabelled: Degenerative changes in the spine have high medical and socioeconomic significance. Imaging of the degenerative spine is a frequent challenge in radiology. The pathogenesis of this degenerative process represents a biomechanically related continuum of alterations, which can be identified with different imaging modalities.

Focal Hepatic Glycogenosis in a Patient With Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus Type 1.

Hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzymes in patients with diabetes are commonly associated with fatty liver disease. However, physicians often forget about another intrinsic substance that can cause a similar clinical picture-glycogen. Liver stores approximately one third of the total body glycogen and is responsible for blood glucose homeostasis.