Exploring cost reduction strategies for serum free media development.

Cultivated meat production offers solutions in addressing global food security and sustainability challenges. However, serum-free media (SFM) used in cultivating the cells are expensive, contributing to at least 50% of variable operating costs. This review explores technologies for cost-effective SFM, focusing on reducing cost from using growth factors and recombinant proteins, using affordable raw materials for basal media, and implementing cost-saving measures like media recycling and reducing waste build-up.

Fibromatosis-Like Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Challenging Diagnosis With Potential Pitfalls.

Fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma (FLMC) is a rare subtype of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast. Diagnosing this entity poses significant challenges, particularly in core biopsies due to limited sampling and overlap with benign spindle cell lesions such as nodular fasciitis and fibromatosis. We present an example of FLMC in an asymptomatic middle-aged woman.

Correction: Characterization of a Polyethylene Glycol-Amphotericin B Conjugate Loaded with Free AMB for Improved Antifungal Efficacy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Wide Resection for Pediatric Extremity Vascular Malformation-A Tertiary Hospital's Experience.

Background: Vascular malformations of the extremities (VM) are common benign lesions that tend to grow throughout the patient's lifetime. They can cause various issues like pain, swelling, and even limb length discrepancies. Sclerotherapy was the preferred treatment choice in previous studies.

Combined multivariate statistical and flux balance analyses uncover media bottlenecks to the growth and productivity of Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures.

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used for producing recombinant proteins. To enhance their productivity and product quality, media reformulation has been a key strategy, albeit with several technical challenges, due to the myriad of complex molecular mechanisms underlying media effects on culture performance. Thus, it is imperative to characterize metabolic bottlenecks under various media conditions systematically.

Using the radiocoronoid line for diagnosis of elbow dislocation.

The radiocapitellar line (RCL) has been widely used to diagnose elbow dislocation. However, there are limitations to the RCL, with the cartilaginous portion of bone making interpretation of radiographs difficult. The study aims to show that the radiocoronoid line, which connects two points on the medial aspect of the radius, proximal to the radial tuberosity, is more suited to diagnose elbow dislocations in the anterior-posterior projection.

Health-Related Quality of Life After Diagnosis and Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Association With Type of Surgical Treatment.

Importance: Concerns around possible overdiagnosis and overtreatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have been raised. Issues concerning health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after diagnosis and treatment of DTC are understudied in this patient group.

Objective: To better understand the range of HRQOL outcomes, including possible adverse effects of treatment, associated with diagnosis and treatment of DTC and whether these outcomes vary by type of surgery received.

Mammalian Systems Biotechnology Reveals Global Cellular Adaptations in a Recombinant CHO Cell Line.

Effective development of host cells for therapeutic protein production is hampered by the poor characterization of cellular transfection. Here, we employed a multi-omics-based systems biotechnology approach to elucidate the genotypic and phenotypic differences between a wild-type and recombinant antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. At the genomic level, we observed extensive rearrangements in specific targeted loci linked to transgene integration sites.

Characterization of a Polyethylene Glycol-Amphotericin B Conjugate Loaded with Free AMB for Improved Antifungal Efficacy.

Amphotericin B (AMB) is a highly hydrophobic antifungal, whose use is limited by its toxicity and poor solubility. To improve its solubility, AMB was reacted with a functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG), yielding soluble complex AmB-PEG formulations that theoretically comprise of chemically conjugated AMB-PEG and free AMB that is physically associated with the conjugate. Reverse-phase chromatography and size exclusion chromatography methods using HPLC were developed to separate conjugated AMB-PEG and free AmB, enabling the further characterization of these formulations.

Production of functional soluble Dectin-1 glycoprotein using an IRES-linked destabilized-dihydrofolate reductase expression vector.

Dectin-1 (CLEC7A) is a C-type lectin receptor that binds to β-glucans found in fungal cell walls to act as a major pattern recognition receptor (PRR). Since β-glucans epitope is not present in human cells, we are of the opinion that Dectin-1 can have therapeutic functions against fungal infections. We thus set out to produce a soluble extracellular domain of murine Dectin-1 (called sDectin-1) in sufficient titers to facilitate such studies in mouse models.