Assessments carried out by a child abuse and neglect team in an Amsterdam teaching hospital led to interventions in most of the reported cases.

Aim: This study described cases of child abuse and neglect (CAN) that were reported to the multiagency CAN team at the Emma Children's Hospital in Amsterdam and the resulting interventions.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of all cases that were reported to the CAN team from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012.

Results: There were 27 prenatal cases, 92 referrals based on parental characteristics and 523 children.

Parents' Opinion About a Routine Head-to-Toe Examination of Children as a Screening Instrument for Child Abuse and Neglect in Children Visiting the Emergency Department.

Introduction: To improve detection of child abuse and neglect (CAN), many emergency departments use screening methods. Apart from diagnostic accuracy, possible harms of screening methods are important to consider, especially because most children are not abused and do not benefit from screening. We performed a systematic literature review to assess parents' opinions about CAN screening, in which we could only include 7 studies, all reporting that the large majority of participating parents favor screening.

Results of the implementation of a new screening protocol for child maltreatment at the Emergency Department of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam.

Objective: This study examines the results of the implementation of a new screening protocol for child maltreatment (CM) at the Emergency Department (ED) of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. This protocol consists of adding a so called 'top-toe' inspection (TTI), an inspection of the fully undressed child, to the screening checklist for child maltreatment, the SPUTOVAMO.

Design: We collected data from all patients 0-18 years old directly after introduction (February 2010) and 9 months later.

Age determination of subdural hematomas with CT and MRI: a systematic review.

Objectives: To systematically review the literature on dating subdural hematomas (SDHs) on CT and MRI scans.

Methods: We performed a systematic review in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane to search for articles that described the appearance of SDHs on CT or MRI in relation to time between trauma and scanning. Two researchers independently screened the articles, assessed methodological quality and performed data extraction.

Postmortem CT compared to autopsy in children; concordance in a forensic setting.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of postmortem CT (PMCT) in determining the cause of death in children who underwent a forensic autopsy because of a suspected nonnatural death.

Methods: We selected forensic pediatric autopsies at the Netherlands Forensic Institute, whereby the subject underwent PMCT between 1-1-2008 and 31-12-2012. Cause of death was independently scored by a radiologist and a pathologist.

Age determination of subdural hematomas: survey among radiologists.

Abusive head trauma is a severe form of child abuse. One important diagnostic finding is the presence of a subdural hematoma. Age determination of subdural hematomas is important to relate radiological findings to the clinical history presented by the caregivers.

Pneumomediastinum and soft tissue emphysema in pediatric hanging.

Postmortem computed tomography (CT) is increasingly being used as a tool in forensic pathology. The exact value of postmortem imaging in detecting specific conditions has not yet been established, but in specific cases, it can be used as a diagnostic tool demonstrating findings that remain undetected during autopsy, as in this case. Pneumomediastinum and soft tissue emphysema were detected with postmortem CT in a 3-year-old girl after hanging.

Insufficient evidence for the use of a physical examination to detect maltreatment in children without prior suspicion: a systematic review.

Background: Although it is often performed in clinical practice, the diagnostic value of a screening physical examination to detect maltreatment in children without prior suspicion has not been reviewed. This article aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of a complete physical examination as a screening instrument to detect maltreatment in children without prior suspicion.

Methods: We systematically searched the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and ERIC, using a sensitive search strategy.

[Neonaticide: frequently suspected, seldom proven].

Objective: To present an overview of pathological findings on neonaticide in the Netherlands.

Design: Retrospective descriptive study.

Method: We analyzed all autopsy reports on neonates from the Netherlands Forensic Institute for the period 1994-2011.

Abusive head trauma in young children in the Netherlands: evidence for multiple incidents of abuse.

Aim: We investigated the prevalence of risk factors for and the prevalence of prior abuse in abusive head trauma victims in the Netherlands.

Methods: We performed a retrospective file review of all abusive head trauma cases in the Netherlands in which forensic medical expertise was requested by the courts, between 2005 and 2010. Outcome measures were risk factors and indicators for prior abuse.

[A boy with an abdominal mass].

A 11-year-old boy presented with an abdominal mass in the right upper abdomen. As a newborn he was analyzed for this mass, diagnosed as an adrenal hemorrhage. Abdominal X-ray and CT revealed a fetus-in-fetu, which was removed surgically.

Abusive head trauma Part II: radiological aspects.

Unlabelled: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a relatively common cause of neurotrauma in young children. Radiology plays an important role in establishing a diagnosis and assessing a prognosis. Computed tomography (CT), followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), is the best tool for neuroimaging.

Educational paper: Abusive Head Trauma part I. Clinical aspects.

Unlabelled: Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) refers to the combination of findings formerly described as shaken baby syndrome. Although these findings can be caused by shaking, it has become clear that in many cases there may have been impact trauma as well. Therefore a less specific term has been adopted by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Educational paper: imaging child abuse: the bare bones.

Fractures are reported to be the second most common findings in child abuse, after skin lesions such as bruises and contusions. This makes careful interpretation of childhood fractures in relation to the provided clinical history important. In this literature review, we address imaging techniques and the prevailing protocols as well as fractures, frequently seen in child abuse, and the differential diagnosis of these fractures.

Current techniques in postmortem imaging with specific attention to paediatric applications.

In this review we discuss the decline of and current controversies regarding conventional autopsies and the use of postmortem radiology as an adjunct to and a possible alternative for the conventional autopsy. We will address the radiological techniques and applications for postmortem imaging in children.