The Cardiovascular Effects of Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin.

Hydroxychloroquine combined with azithromycin has been investigated for activity against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but concerns about adverse cardiovascular (CV) effects have been raised. This study evaluated claims data to determine if risks for CV events were increased with hydroxychloroquine alone or combined with azithromycin. We identified data from 43,752 enrollees that qualified for analysis.

Cleaved high-molecular-weight kininogen inhibits neointima formation following vascular injury.

Cleaved high-molecular-weight kininogen (HKa) or its peptide domain 5 (D5) alone exert anti-adhesive properties in vitro related to impeding integrin-mediated cellular interactions. However, the anti-adhesive effects of HKa in vivo remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of HKa on leukocyte recruitment and neointima formation following wire-induced injury of the femoral artery in C57BL/6 mice.

Specific deterrence, community context, and drunk driving: an event history analysis.

Previous studies about recidivism of offenders have focused primarily on the nature of the sanctions and factors specific to the individual offender. This study addressed both individual and community factors, using a cohort of felony-level, driving while intoxicated (DWI) probationers (N = 370) charged in Harris County, Texas. The study investigated specific deterrent effects of sanctions on success or failure of probationers while controlling for the community contexts to observe how informal social control processes contextualize individual-level predictors.

Pro-proliferative and inflammatory signaling converge on FoxO1 transcription factor in pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by increased proliferation and apoptosis resistance of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors are key regulators of cellular proliferation. Here we show that in pulmonary vessels and PASMCs of human and experimental PH lungs, FoxO1 expression is downregulated and FoxO1 is inactivated via phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion.

Inhibition of miR-92a improves re-endothelialization and prevents neointima formation following vascular injury.

Aims: MicroRNA (miR)-92a is an important regulator of endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis after ischaemia, but the effects of miR-92a on re-endothelialization and neointimal lesion formation after vascular injury remain elusive. We tested the effects of lowering miR-92a levels using specific locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antimiRs as well as endothelial-specific knock out of miR-92a on re-endothelialization and neointimal formation after wire-induced injury of the femoral artery in mice.

Methods And Results: MiR-92a was significantly up-regulated in neointimal lesions following wire-induced injury.

Juvenile female and male sex offenders: a comparison of offender, victim, and judicial processing characteristics.

This research examines 61 juvenile female sex offenders in terms of their offending patterns, demographics, and victim characteristics; these findings are compared to 122 juvenile male sex offenders. Relying on sex offender registration data and criminal history records, bivariate analyses are conducted to assess male-female differences. Logistic regression is also employed to further assess group membership (male and female).

Effect of endocervical specimen adequacy on ligase chain reaction detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Several studies have demonstrated that the sensitivity of a commercially available PCR test for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (Roche Diagnostics) is affected by the cellular quality of the endocervical swab specimens. The cellular adequacies of 1,633 female endocervical swab specimens were assessed and compared with the results of C. trachomatis detection obtained by ligase chain reaction (LCR; Abbott Laboratories).

Legal implications of the extra-label use of drugs in food animals.

Although the Food and Drug Administration has never sanctioned the extra-label use of drugs in animals, it has not, until recently, objected when veterinarians deviated from label instructions as long as such use did not result in violative residues in food products derived from treated animals. However, because of the potential human health hazards associated with abuse of this position, the FDA has developed a less lenient policy toward the extra-label use of drugs in food animals. A brief review of the legislated responsibility and authority of the FDA with particular reference to the extra-label use of drugs in food animals is provided.

Disposition of ampicillin administered intravenously and intratracheally to young calves.

The profile of the blood concentration of ampicillin vs time was compared in 24 calves after ampicillin administration (10 mg/kg body weight) by the intratracheal (i.t.) and the intravenous (i.

Pharmacokinetic study of sulfadimethoxine depletion in suckling and growing pigs.

Sulfadimethoxine was administered (IV) to suckling pigs (1 to 2 weeks old) and to growing pigs (11 to 12 weeks old) at a dosage of 55 mg/kg of body weight (single dose). Blood samples were collected over a 48-hour period, and the animals euthanatized were used for measurements of plasma and tissue concentrations of the drug. The blood data were described, using a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model.

Use of the double-isotope single-injection method for estimating renal function in normal cross-bred swine.

The double-isotope single-injection method to estimate renal function which utilizes the radiolabeled chemicals [131I]sodium iodohippurate and [125I]sodium iothalamate was evaluated in swine. A total of 46 normal, cross-bred swine were used to determine the applicability of this method for measuring the glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow. The mean glomerular filtration rate in pigs was determined to be 5.

Effect of storage on bovine erythrocyte cholinesterase activity.

Bovine whole blood and washed erythrocyte samples with either sodium heparin or EDTA as the anticoagulant were stored at -24, 2 to 3, 21, or 37 C for up to 8 weeks to determine the stability of erythrocyte cholinesterase (ChE) activity. An automated colorimetric method was used to measure ChE activity. Regression analysis was used to estimate the rate of decline of ChE activity of samples to 95% of normal.