Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men, second only to lung cancer. Prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing the Prostate Imaging and Reporting Data System (PI-RADS) v2.1 scoring system effectively stratifies patients by risk and correlates significantly with histopathological outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Retinoblastoma is the most prevalent intraocular retinal malignancy in children worldwide. Accurate staging is critical for treatment planning and relies heavily on radiologic imaging and clinical findings. This study aims to evaluate imaging patterns and staging of retinoblastoma in children at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Perianal fistula refers to an abnormal connection between the anal canal and the perianal skin or perineum. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in accurately characterizing perianal fistulas, which informs surgical strategies and helps minimize recurrence.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a single diagnostic imaging center in Addis Ababa, utilizing retrospectively collected data from May 2023 to June 2024.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease globally, with the kidneys being the most frequently affected organ in the genitourinary system. Isolated prostate involvement by tuberculosis is rare and may mimic prostate cancer. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic responses associated with isolated prostate tuberculosis, particularly in the context of significantly elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in a TB-endemic region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra is an extremely rare malignancy with a poor outcome, mainly affecting females in old age. We present the case of a 42-year-old female patient who presented with progressively worsening lower urinary tract symptoms, leading to a cystoscopy-guided core needle biopsy diagnosis of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra. We will mainly discuss the cross-sectional imaging and pathological aspects of the case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular ring anomalies, represented mainly by the double aortic arch (DAA), account for about 1% of congenital cardiovascular anomalies and are characterized by tracheoesophageal compression due to encircling vascular or ligamentous structures. These anomalies arise from the failure of the right fourth aortic arch to regress during embryonic development, leading to symptoms ranging from respiratory distress to dysphagia. Diagnostic imaging includes chest radiography, CT, MRI, and echocardiography, each with specific considerations, especially in pediatric patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Due to the high sensitivity of their growing tissues to ionizing radiation, pediatric patients are at a greater risk of cancer development.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of radiation exposure experienced by pediatric patients undergoing a common CT examination at the three government hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Materials And Methods: Structured formats were designed for data collection at three government hospitals, and then information about pediatric patients' demography, CT protocols, and CT systems was retrieved and recorded from March 2018 up to July 2018.
Castleman's disease is a rare benign lymphangioproliferative disorder. The hyaline vascular subtype has a better outcome and is curable after surgical resection. Typically, Castleman disease manifests in the thorax, with rare reports of a renal hilum location.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Studies done globally had shown that chest imaging patterns of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection varied depending on the strains of the virus and the waves of the pandemic. There is no published literature done in Ethiopia to examine whether there is any difference in chest computed tomography (CT) findings of COVID-19 patients during the first and fourth waves. Thus, this study tries to fill the gap of knowledge in that regard.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The current COVID-19 pandemic is forcing the world community to change how things should be done to avoid widespread transmission and containment of infection. Some countries are promoting "Work from Home" for disciplines like radiology" to prevent infection dissemination in hospital facilities. So the aim of this study is to introduce 'work & teach and from home' during the pandemic by establishing convenient virtual platforms for faculty members and students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Abdominal pregnancy refers to a rare form of ectopic pregnancy that has been implanted in the peritoneal cavity. Clinical suspicion combined with ultrasound is important for early diagnosis. A surviving fetus from an abdominal pregnancy is extremely rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Med Case Rep J
February 2023
Choanal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly of the nasal cavities characterized by lack of patency of the posterior ends of one or both nasal cavities (choanae). It is the most common congenital anomaly of the nasal cavity. Bilateral choanal atresia accounts for a third of the cases and is almost invariably detected in the neonatal age due to respiratory distress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intravenous (IV) iodine-based contrast agents are administered during computed tomography (CT) examination to enhance the density differences between lesions and surrounding parenchyma, which is important for lesion characterization, and to demonstrate vascular anatomy and vessel patency. Quality of contrast enhancement has a significant influence on diagnostic interpretation and subsequent management. In this study, we assessed the quality of portal venous phase abdominal CT scans performed with a manual injection of a fixed dose of contrast, which is the routine practice at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Computed Tomography plays a priceless role for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose; however, applying an optimized Computed Tomography Technique to produce qualified image while delivering minimum radiation dose to patients is the common challenge. The main objective of this study was to establish local diagnostic reference levels for adult patients who visited abdominopelvic Computed Tomography examination.
Methods: A total of 158 patients who had taken abdominopelvic Computed Tomography examination from three selectedAmhara region hospitals were investigated.
Background: Headache is one of the most common complaints that lead the patient to seek medical advice however only a few patients with recurrent headaches have a secondary cause like intracranial mass. The appropriate utilization of neuroimaging is important to rule-out secondary cause of headache in resource-limited regions. The objective of this study is to describe the patterns of MRI findings in the evaluation of patients with chronic headache and to determine the clinical variables helpful in identifying patients with intracranial lesions.
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