Variation between Ethiopian and North American barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare) in response to Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) populations.

The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), causes severe damage to barley, Hordeum vulgare L. (Poales: Poaceae), in the highlands of Ethiopia. Little information is available on the control of this pest in Ethiopia.

Identification of Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) populations virulent to the Dn4 resistance gene.

The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), is a serious worldwide pest of wheat and barley. Russian wheat aphid populations from Hungary, Russia, and Syria have previously been identified as virulent to D. noxia (Dn) 4, the gene in all Russian wheat aphid-resistant cultivars produced in Colorado.

Stress, suspension and resistance to infection.

Immune function is altered in stressful situations, including space flight. This may result in increased risk of infection. Antiorthostatic suspension has been used to study the effects of space flight-like conditions on immunity.