Publications by authors named "Tesfay Abreha"
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the effectiveness and safety of different primaquine dosing strategies in preventing relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria in children under 15 years.
- A systematic review was conducted, analyzing various studies involving children treated with primaquine, focusing on those who received treatment over multiple days and were followed up for at least 28 days.
- The findings from 3514 children across 27 studies were compiled to analyze different dosing regimens, assess the risk of recurrent malaria, and evaluate tolerability and safety concerning adverse effects.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in Eswatini, comparing it with data from Olmsted County, Minnesota, to understand its impact, particularly among Black individuals.
- A total of 515 plasma samples from a nationally representative survey showed a 13.2% prevalence of MGUS, with findings indicating that while overall MGUS rates are similar between Eswatini and Olmsted County, light-chain MGUS is significantly higher in Eswatini.
- The results suggest that current definitions of light-chain MGUS may need reevaluation, particularly in the context of untreated HIV infections, as they could be reflecting different underlying conditions.
Background: Imperfect adherence is a major barrier to effective primaquine radical cure of Plasmodium vivax. This study investigated the effect of reduced adherence on the risk of P. vivax recurrence.
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- The study investigates the safety of primaquine, a medication used to eliminate dormant liver-stage parasites of Plasmodium vivax, focusing on its impact on hemolysis risk.
- Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies published from 2000 to 2023, including data on patients treated with different primaquine regimens.
- The main outcome measured was the significant reduction in hemoglobin levels (more than 25% to below 7 g/dL) by day 14 post-treatment, with analysis based on the G6PD enzyme activity levels in patients.
Background: Primaquine is used to eliminate Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites, but its optimal dosing regimen remains unclear. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of different primaquine dosing regimens to prevent P vivax recurrence.
Methods: For this systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central for prospective clinical studies of uncomplicated P vivax from endemic countries published between Jan 1, 2000, and June 8, 2023.
Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended for uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in areas of emerging chloroquine resistance. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to compare the efficacies of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) with or without primaquine (PQ) on the risk of recurrent P. vivax.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Malaria causes a reduction in haemoglobin that is compounded by primaquine, particularly in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions to red cell loss of malaria and primaquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax.
Methods: A systematic review identified P.
Background: Building on the declining trend of malaria in Ethiopia, the Federal Ministry of Health aims to eliminate malaria by 2030. As Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are co-endemic in Ethiopia, the use of primaquine is indicated for both transmission interruption and radical cure, respectively. However, the limited knowledge of the local prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and its associated variants has hindered the use of primaquine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chloroquine remains the mainstay of treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria despite increasing reports of treatment failure. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of chloroquine dose and the addition of primaquine on the risk of recurrent vivax malaria across different settings.
Methods: A systematic review done in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified P vivax clinical trials published between Jan 1, 2000, and March 22, 2017.
Background: Recent efforts in malaria control have resulted in great gains in reducing the burden of Plasmodium falciparum, but P. vivax has been more refractory. Its ability to form dormant liver stages confounds control and elimination efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Malaria and HIV/AIDS constitute major public health problems in Ethiopia, but the burden associated with malaria-HIV co-infection has not been well documented. In this study, the burden of malaria among HIV positive and HIV negative adult outpatients attending health facilities in Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia was investigated.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study among HIV-positive patients having routine follow-up visits at HIV care and treatment clinics and HIV-seronegative patients attending the general medical outpatient departments in 12 health facilities during the peak malaria transmission season was conducted from September to November, 2011.
Background: Accurate early diagnosis and prompt treatment is one of the key strategies to control and prevent malaria in Ethiopia where both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are sympatric and require different treatment regimens. Microscopy is the standard for malaria diagnosis at the health centres and hospitals whereas rapid diagnostic tests are used at community-level health posts. The current study was designed to assess malaria microscopy capacity of health facilities in Oromia Regional State and Dire Dawa Administrative City, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Early diagnosis of infants infected with HIV (EID) and early initiation of treatment significantly reduces the rate of disease progression and mortality. One of the challenges to identification of HIV-1-infected infants is availability and/or access to quality molecular laboratory facilities which perform molecular virologic assays suitable for accurate identification of the HIV status of infants.
Method: We conducted a joint site assessment and designed laboratories for the expansion of DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing based on dried blood spot (DBS) for EID in six regions of Ethiopia.
The prevalence of different genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Ethiopia is not known. HCV genotypes influence the response to therapy with alpha-interferon alone or in combination with ribavirin. A cross sectional study was conducted on attendees of voluntary counseling and testing center.
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