Modulation of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channels (Review).

Ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors, RyRs) play a crucial role in the mobilization of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during the excitation-contraction coupling of muscle cells. In skeletal muscle, depolarization of transverse tubules activates the RyR, whereas in cardiac muscle, a Ca2+ influx through an L-type Ca2+ channel activates the RyR. The RyR is also activated by caffeine, a low concentration (<10 µM) of ryanodine or cyclic ADP-ribose.

Effects of FK506 on ca release channels (review).

Tacrolimus (FK506), which was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces tsukubaensis No. 9993, has an immunosuppressive effect. In T-lymphocytes, FK506 binds to the intracellular receptor, a 12-kDa FK506-binding protein (FKBP12).

FK506 induces biphasic Ca2+ release from microsomal vesicles of rat pancreatic acinar cells.

The effect of the immunosuppressant drug FK506 on microsomal Ca2+ release was investigated in rat pancreatic acinar cells. When FK506 (0.1-200 microM) was added to the microsomal vesicles at a steady state of ATP-dependent 45Ca2+ uptake, FK506 caused a dose-dependent and a biphasic release of 45Ca2+.

Elucidation of the ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release mechanism of rat pancreatic acinar cells: modulation by cyclic ADP-ribose and FK506.

The effects of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and the immunosuppressant drug FK506 on microsomal Ca2+ release through a ryanodine-sensitive mechanism were investigated in rat pancreatic acinar cells. After a steady state of 45Ca2+ uptake into the microsomal vesicles, ryanodine or caffeine was added. Preincubation of the vesicles with cADPR (0.

[A 50-year history of new drugs in Japan-the development and progress of anti-diabetic drugs and the epidemiological aspects of diabetes mellitus].

The development and progress of antidiabetic drugs (e.g., insulin preparations and hypoglycemic drugs) are retrospectively investigated in Japan.

[A 50-year year history of new drugs in Japan: the developments of antituberculosis drugs and their influences on the epidemiological aspects].

Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis (Tb) in Japan are investigated. Especially the chemotherapy for Tb and its influences on epidemiological aspects are discussed. 1.