Crista Fenestra Heights Measured by HRCT Predicts the Necessity for Extended Round Window Approach for Slim Modiolar Electrode.

Objective: To evaluate the morphology of the crista fenestra (CF) using three-dimensional reconstruction based on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and to examine the influence of CF height on the insertion approach used for CI632/532 implants.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Heterochronous multiplex real-time PCR with intercalating dye using uracil-DNA N-glycosylase (UNG) and multiple primer pairs to revaluate post PCR product.

Real-time PCR with intercalating dyes can only be performed once. The expensive fluorescent hydrolysis probes are target specific and are suitable to detect multiplex targets. Uracil-DNA N-glycosylase (UNG), which specifically hydrolyzes and degrades any uracil-containing PCR products, is often applied before PCR to reduce carryover contamination.

Comprehensive genomic profiling from C-CAT database unveiled over 80% presence of oncogenic drivers in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma including BRAF, RAS family, NF1, and FGFR1.

Objective: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is considered a very aggressive carcinoma and has been difficult to treat with therapeutic strategies. This study examines the landscape of genomic alteration in ATC, including the BRAF V600E mutation, and its clinical implications.

Design, Patients And Mesurement: A retrospective observational study was conducted using collected at the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) in Japan, utilizing comprehensive genomic profiling data from 102 ATC cases.

A Randomized Crossover Study in Single-Sided Deafness Comparing a Cartilage Conduction CROS System and an Air-Conduction CROS System.

Objective: To investigate if cartilage conduction (CC) rerouting devices are noninferior to air-conduction (AC) rerouting devices for single-sided deafness (SSD) patients by measuring objective and subjective performance using speech-in-noise tests that resemble a realistic hearing environment, sound localization tests, and standardized questionnaires.

Study Design: Prospective, single-subject randomized, crossover study.

Setting: Anechoic room inside a university.

Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies.

Heavy metals are often found in soil and can contaminate drinking water, posing a serious threat to human health. Molecular pathways and curation therapies for mitigating heavy metal toxicity have been studied for a long time. Recent studies on oxidative stress and aging have shown that the molecular foundation of cellular damage caused by heavy metals, namely, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial stress, share the same pathways as those involved in cellular senescence and aging.

Inter-day and intra-day variations in effective intensity of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation to improve postural stability in bilateral vestibulopathy.

Background: The reproducibility of the effective intensity of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) to improve postural stability is not well known.

Objective: We aimed to investigate inter-day and intra-day variations in effective intensity in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP).

Methods: Thirteen BVP patients were measured for center-of-pressure movements in the standing posture at five time points: morning of the first test day, morning and evening of the second test day, and morning and evening of the third test day.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress associated with lead (Pb)-induced olfactory epithelium toxicity in an olfactory dark basal cell line.

Lead (Pb) can damage organs and also have undesirable effects on neural development. To explore the effects of Pb on olfactory cells, we investigated Pb-induced cell toxicity in the DBC1.2 olfactory cell line, with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and necroptosis.

The effect of self-management vestibular rehabilitation on persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.

Objective: To investigate the effects of self-management vestibular rehabilitation (VR) on the subjective symptoms of dizziness and postural stability in persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD).

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Methods: The medical records of 30 patients newly diagnosed with PPPD based on the Bárány Society's diagnostic criteria were reviewed.

Cochlear implantation for progressive hearing loss caused by an A8296G mutation in mitochondrial DNA.

Mitochondrial DNA mutations such as A3243G or A1555G are widely reported to cause hearing loss, but few reports exist on the A8296G mutation, which can also cause hearing loss. This report presents the case of a patient with the A8296G mutation and severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that progressed over two decades. The patient had no history of diabetes, but did have a family history of SNHL in her father and maternal grandmother.

Preceding Balance Disorders Affect Vestibular Function in Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness.

Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is induced by preceding conditions that cause balance disorders. To investigate the association between vestibular function and preceding balance disorders in PPPD patients, a retrospective chart review was performed. Vestibular function in 55 PPPD patients was measured using the caloric test, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing to air-conducted sound (ACS cVEMP), ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing to bone-conducted vibration (BCV oVEMP), and video head impulse testing (vHIT).

Retrospective study of risk factors for tympanic membrane perforation in the early period after intratympanic steroid injection.

Objective: Intratympanic steroid injection (ITSI) can be an effective treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss or Meniere's disease. Tympanic membrane (TM) perforation after ITSI is a major complication which needs additional treatment. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors associated with TM perforation after ITSI.

Taurine, Coenzyme Q, and Hydrogen Water Prevents Germanium Dioxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss in mouse.

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in numerous common diseases as well as aging and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). In the current study, we showed that supplementation with germanium dioxide (GeO) in CBA/J mice resulted in SNHL due to the degeneration of the stria vascularis and spiral ganglion, which were associated with down-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain associated genes and up-regulation in apoptosis associated genes in the cochlea. Supplementation with taurine, coenzyme Q10, or hydrogen-rich water, attenuated the cochlear degeneration and associated SNHL induced by GeO.

Sleep deprivation induces delayed regeneration of olfactory sensory neurons following injury.

The circadian system, which is essential for the alignment of sleep/wake cycles, modulates adult neurogenesis. The olfactory epithelium (OE) has the ability to generate new neurons throughout life. Loss of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as a result of injury to the OE triggers the generation of new OSNs, which are incorporated into olfactory circuits to restore olfactory sensory perception.

Effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone on noise-induced and age-related hearing loss in mice.

We investigated whether the oxidoreductase cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) prevents noise-induced and age-related hearing loss (NIHL and ARHL) in mice. To assess NIHL, 8 week-old mice with and without PQQ administration were exposed to noise for 4 h. PQQ was orally administered for one week before and after noise exposure and subcutaneously once before noise exposure.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) protects mitochondrial function of HEI-OC1 cells under premature senescence.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an oxidoreductase cofactor, on the HO-induced premature senescence model in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and to elucidate its mechanism of action in vitro. Cells were treated with PQQ for 1 day before HO (100 μM) exposure. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was damaged in this premature senescence model but was restored in cells pretreated with PQQ (0.

The Role of Neck Input in Producing Corrective Saccades in the Head Impulse Test.

Background: The head impulse test is a valuable clinical test that can help identify peripheral vestibular dysfunction by observing corrective saccades that return the eyes to the target of interest. Corrective saccades have been classified as covert if the onset occurs before the end of the head impulse and as overt if they occur afterwards. However, the mechanism that trigger these saccades remain unclear.

Vestibular Neuritis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Study.

Objective To determine if the COVID-19 vaccine can cause vestibular neuritis (VN). Design Retrospective study. Setting Vertigo outpatient clinic of the Department of Otolaryngology JR Tokyo General Hospital.

Beneficial effects of time-restricted feeding on gentamicin cytotoxicity in mouse cochlea and vestibular organs.

Objective: Time restricted feeding (TRF), which is an intermittent fasting protocol, has been reported to decrease the toxicity and mortality rate associated with systemic gentamicin (GM) administration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of TRF on GM-induced vestibular and auditory function in mice.

Methods: Japan Central Laboratory for Experimental Animals:Institute of Cancer Research (Jcl:ICR) mice were housed in a light-dark (LD) cycle (12:12) and were divided into three groups: (1) GM treatment at a dose of 220 mg/kg with TRF (feeding time: 8 h [9:00-17:00] during the light phase [7:00-19:00]) (GM + TRF group), (2) GM treatment at a dose of 220 mg/kg without TRF (GM group), and (3) saline injection with TRF (NS + TRF group).

Sudden bilateral hearing loss after vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials.

This case report presents bilateral hearing loss after vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing. The loud acoustic stimulus used in VEMP testing can cause noise-induced hearing loss in some cases with high sensitivity to noise exposure or by exceeding individual cochlear safety thresholds.

Alteration of Vestibular Function in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients.

Vestibular dysfunction is a complication of cochlear implantation (CI). Reports on the evaluation of vestibular function before and after CI are limited, especially in children. We investigated the effect of CI on vestibular function in pediatric patients.