Advancing Impactful Research for Adolescent Health and Wellbeing: Key Principles and Required Technical Investments.

Purpose: Substantial progress in adolescent health research has been made over recent decades, but important knowledge gaps remain.

Methods: Informed by targeted reviews of the literature, expert consultation, and authors' collective experiences, we propose future directions in adolescent health research.

Results: We identified five key principles on how future research must be approached alongside what technical investments are required to act on them.

Inequities in adolescent sleep health in Aotearoa New Zealand: Cross-sectional survey findings.

Objectives: To investigate ethnic inequities in, and social determinants of, adolescent sleep health in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Methods: Analysis of self-report data from a cross-sectional survey of secondary school students (12- to 18-year-olds). Analyses included weighted prevalence estimates of good and poor sleep health stratified by ethnicity, and multivariable logistic regression models concurrently adjusted for ethnicity, school year, gender, rurality, neighborhood deprivation, school decile, housing deprivation, sleeping elsewhere due to lack of adequate housing, unsafe environment, and racism.

The glue that binds us: The positive relationships between whanaungatanga (belonging), the wellbeing, and identity pride for takatāpui who are trans and non-binary.

Issue Addressed: This article explores how belonging can enhance well-being for takatāpui (a traditional Māori term that embraces all Māori with diverse genders, sexualities and sex characteristics) who are trans and non-binary across a range of contexts.

Methods: We drew data from the 2018 Counting Ourselves, a nationwide community-based survey of trans and non-binary people in Aotearoa (New Zealand) (N = 1178); of which 161 (13.7%) identified as Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa.

RANGATAHI MĀORI AND THE WHĀNAU CHOCOLATE BOX: Rangatahi wellbeing in whānau contexts.

Whānau (Māori understandings of family) are comprised of unique and vital relationships that support and scaffold rangatahi (youth) wellbeing, yet are often reduced to nuclear family structures within individualised notions of wellbeing. While rangatahi contend with racialised discourses in a colonial socio-cultural context, their whānau can be an important site for mitigating these challenges, supporting rangatahi agency and wellbeing. This article explores how whānau practices inform rangatahi wellbeing, drawing upon photo-projects and interviews with 51 rangatahi and their whānau.

Health and well-being needs of Indigenous adolescents: a protocol for a scoping review of qualitative studies.

Introduction: Improving the health of Indigenous adolescents is central to addressing the health inequities faced by Indigenous peoples. To achieve this, it is critical to understand what is needed from the perspectives of Indigenous adolescents themselves. There have been many qualitative studies that capture the perspectives of Indigenous young people, but synthesis of these has been limited to date.

An integrative review of racism in nursing to inform anti-racist nursing praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Aim: To synthesise international literature to identify mechanisms that maintain racism in nursing and understand the factors that contribute to designing and implementing anti-racist praxis to inform nursing in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Design: An integrative literature review was undertaken, integrating Indigenous Kaupapa Māori methodologies to ensure a cultural and philosophical lens.

Methods: Peer-reviewed literature published, between January 2011 and July 2023 were sourced.

Conceptualising relational care from an Indigenous Māori perspective: A scoping review.

Objective: To identify and describe the attributes of relational care from an Indigenous Māori healthcare consumer perspective.

Data Sources: CINAHL Plus, Ovid MEDLINE, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health, Scopus, New Zealand Index, the Ministry of Health Library, New Zealand Research and Google Scholar were searched between 23 and 30 May 2022.

Methods: This scoping review used the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews, thematic analysis and the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations framework for the synthesis of the findings.

Māori and the Integrated Data Infrastructure: an assessment of the data system and suggestions to realise Māori data aspirations [Te Māori me te Integrated Data Infrastructure: he aromatawai i te pūnaha raraunga me ngā marohitanga e poipoia ai ngā wawata raraunga Māori].

The Statistics New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) is a collection of de-identified whole-population administrative datasets. Researchers are increasingly utilising the IDI to answer pressing social and policy research questions. Our work provides an overview of the IDI, associated issues for Māori (the Indigenous peoples of New Zealand), and steps to realise Māori data aspirations.

Determinants of ethnic differences in the uptake of child healthcare services in New Zealand: a decomposition analysis.

Background: There are persistent ethnic gaps in uptake of child healthcare services in New Zealand (NZ), despite increasing policy to promote equitable access. We examined ethnic differences in the uptake of immunisation and primary healthcare services at different ages and quantified the contribution of relevant explanatory factors, in order to identify potential points of intervention.

Methods: We used data from the Growing Up in New Zealand birth cohort study, including children born between 2009 and 2010.

More-Than-Human: A Cross-Sectional Study Exploring Children's Perceptions of Health and Health-Promoting Neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand.

A disconnect between children's ideas and their incorporation into environmental design, in the context of rapid urbanisation and climate crises, compelled us to reflect on children's meaningful participation in positive environmental change. Our research aimed to bring new knowledge to the fore using a participatory, child-centred approach to understanding children's perceptions of health and health-promoting neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand. The cross-sectional Neighbourhoods and Health study was conducted with 93 primary school-aged children (approximate ages 8 to 10 years) from two schools in Ōtepoti Dunedin and two schools in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland from June 2020 to August 2021.

Rapid and unequal decline in adolescent mental health and well-being 2012-2019: Findings from New Zealand cross-sectional surveys.

Objective: To investigate prevalence and trends in key mental health and well-being indicators among New Zealand secondary school students.

Methods: Representative cross-sectional youth health surveys with 2-4% of the New Zealand secondary school population were conducted in 2001, 2007, 2012 and 2019 (total  = 34,548).

Results: In 2019, 69.

Prevalence, severity and impact of chronic pain among a representative cross-sectional study of New Zealand high school students.

Aim: To report the prevalence of self-reported chronic pain and severity among young people in New Zealand and explore the relationships between pain and mental health, substance use, socialisation and school engagement.

Methods: Prevalence of self-reported chronic pain frequency and severity are reported from an anonymous, representative cross-sectional self-administered health and well-being questionnaire by students aged 12-18 years in New Zealand. Multivariable models exploring chronic pain and mental health, substance use, socialisation and school engagement are reported controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, disability and history of sexual abuse.

Flexible resources and experiences of racism among a multi-ethnic adolescent population in Aotearoa, New Zealand: an intersectional analysis of health and socioeconomic inequities using survey data.

Background: As societies become increasingly diverse, understanding the complex nature of racism for multiple ethnic, social, and economic identities of minority youth is required. Here we explore the experience of racism between and among privileged majority adolescent groups and targeted minority (Indigenous and ethnic) adolescents in New Zealand. Using the concept of structural and embodiment flexible resources, which act as risk and protective factors, we examine the social and health effects on minority youth.

Indigenous adolescent health in Aotearoa New Zealand: Trends, policy and advancing equity for rangatahi Maori, 2001-2019.

Background: Rangatahi Māori, the Indigenous adolescents of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), have poorer health outcomes than Pākehā (NZ European /other European/"White") adolescents. We explored the influence of policies for Indigenous youth by presenting health trends, inequities and contrasting policy case examples: tobacco control and healthcare access.

Methods: Cross-sectional representative surveys of NZ secondary school students were undertaken in 2001, 2007, 2012 and 2019.

Factors predicting forgone healthcare among Asian adolescents in New Zealand: unmasking variations in aggregate data.

Aim: To examine the relationship between social support, safety, healthcare experience and forgone healthcare for Asian secondary school students in New Zealand by unmasking variations in aggregate Asian data.

Methods: The study population included 1,911 Asians (1,272 East Asians and 604 South Asians) from the Youth19 survey. The reference group included 3,053 Pākehā.

Mixed progress in adolescent health and wellbeing in Aotearoa New Zealand 2001-2019: a population overview from the Youth2000 survey series.

We explored progress on key indicators of adolescent health and wellbeing among New Zealand secondary school students over the last two decades. We analysed data from comprehensive surveys conducted in 2001, 2007, 2012 and 2019 (n = 9546, 9098, 8487, and 7311, respectively). Schools, and students within schools, were randomly selected.

Demographic discrepancies between administrative-prioritisation and self-prioritisation of multiple ethnic identifications.

Ethnic classification is an inherently subjective process, especially when multiple ethnic identifications are involved. There are two methods commonly used to classify multiple ethnicities into single categories: administrative-prioritisation (assignment via a predetermined hierarchy) and self-prioritisation (where individuals select their "main" ethnicity). Currently, little is known about whether the demographic composition of outputted ethnic groups differs by prioritisation method.

New Zealand Youth19 survey: vaping has wider appeal than smoking in secondary school students, and most use nicotine-containing e-cigarettes.

Objective: To investigate smoking and vaping in secondary school students (aged 13-18 years) in New Zealand (NZ) following the introduction of 'pod' e-cigarettes, which have been associated with the rapid escalation of youth vaping elsewhere.

Methods: Data on smoking and vaping were collected in 2019 as part of a comprehensive youth health survey (N=7,721).

Results: Vaping was 2-3 times more prevalent than smoking, with 10% of students vaping regularly (monthly or more often), and 6% weekly or more often, compared with 4% and 2%, respectively, for tobacco smoking.

Understanding children's perceptions of, and priorities for, healthy neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand: study protocol for a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Neighbourhood environments can have significant and enduring impacts on children's physical, psychological and social health. Environments can impact health through promoting or hindering physical activity, active travel, and healthy eating in addition to opportunities for social interaction, cognitive development, rest and relaxation. There is a paucity of research that has examined neighbourhood and health priorities, strengths and needs from the perspectives of the community, and even less that has focused on the perspectives of children within communities.