The History of Academic Leadership Education in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Background: The growth of the American academic orthopaedic community over the last 53 years has been accompanied by an expanding need for academic leadership education.

Methods: The transition of the Association of Orthopaedic Chairmen, to the Academic Orthopaedic Society, to the American Orthopaedic Association through its Academic Leadership Committee and American Orthopaedic Association Council of Residency Directors is reviewed.

Results: Academic orthopaedic community members recognized that the evolving leadership needs of the academic community could be better addressed by transitioning to a new organization, the Academic Orthopaedic Society and eventually by creating a new structure within a well aligned and well-resourced existing organization, the American Orthopaedic Association.

Outcomes of early treatment of radial dysplasia.

Purpose: Radial dysplasia, also termed radial club hand is an abnormality along the longitudinal axis of the hand characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of radial structures. Surgery that centralize the wrist on the distal end of the ulna gives quite good results in terms of anatomical recovery but affecting range of motion of the wrist and fingers, limbs length. We conducted this study to evaluate the outcome of serial casting followed by centralization at our institution.

The Characterization of Social Media in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Survey Study of 312 Residents and Applicants.

Unlabelled: There is a paucity of information regarding the use of social media by both orthopaedic residents and applicants. Therefore, this investigation aimed to (1) characterize the use of social media by current orthopaedic surgery residents and applicants to an orthopaedic surgery residency and (2) evaluate the influence of social media on applicants to an orthopaedic surgery residency.

Methods: An anonymous, nationwide survey was conducted among current orthopaedic surgery residents and fourth-year medical students applying to the authors' orthopaedic surgery.

Overcoming Barriers to Hand Surgical Care in Low-Resource Settings.

There is a growing need for surgical treatment of hand injuries in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This rise in disease burden places more pressure on these health care systems that are already struggling to provide access to surgical care for their patients. Hand surgery outreach initiatives have increased in recent years and provide much needed care and relief to these countries.

The Value of Senior Mentorship Among Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Because of the ever increasing economic, social, legal, and regulatory complexities of the current healthcare environment, traditional clinical training may be insufficient to establish a thriving surgical practice and to achieve individual career goals. Competing constituencies and agendas require thoughtful strategies to achieve professional goals. An orthopaedic surgeon's formal professional education, research experience, and clinical expertise may not fully equip individuals for success in the contemporary healthcare market.

Kienböck Disease in a Patient with Congenital Synostosis of the Lunate and the Triquetrum: A Case Report.

Case: We describe the case of a 40-year-old man with Minnaar type-III congenital synostosis of the lunate and the triquetrum who presented with Lichtman stage-I Kienböck disease. Surgical treatment consisted of capitate shortening with a capitate-hamate fusion.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates the tenuous regional nature of the vascularity to the lunate, even in the setting of a complete lunotriquetral synostosis.

Symbrachydactyly - Diagnosis, Function, and Treatment.

Symbrachydactyly is a congenital hand difference that presents with diverse morphologic forms and can be confused with many other congenital hand differences. Congenital hand difference classification schemes categorize symbrachydactyly as an undergrowth or failure of axis formation. It is further categorized by the number of affected fingers, by morphologic characteristics, and by the functional status of the hand.

Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia in the ulna: report on 3 cases.

Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia is an uncommon, benign bone lesion that causes deformity in young children. It is most commonly encountered in the proximal tibia, with few cases documented in the upper extremity. We report 3 cases affecting the ulna.

Effect of osteochondroma location on forearm deformity in patients with multiple hereditary osteochondromatosis.

Purpose: Multiple hereditary osteochondromatosis (MHO) is an autosomal-dominant skeletal dysplasia that may result in forearm deformity. The purpose of this study was 2-fold: to describe the natural history of forearm deformity in patients with MHO, with particular attention to those who develop radial head dislocation, and to determine predictors of deformity.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of all patients with MHO evaluated at our institution.

Metacarpal synostosis: treatment with a longitudinal osteotomy and bone graft substitute interposition.

Purpose: To describe a case series of congenital metacarpal synostosis treated with longitudinal osteotomy and bone graft substitute interposition.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of all patients with metacarpal synostosis treated with a longitudinal osteotomy and bone graft substitute interposition at 2 institutions. Radiographic and clinical appearances were analyzed at initial diagnosis, intraoperatively, and at last follow-up.

Epiphyseal bar resection and fat interposition for clinodactyly.

Clinodactyly, the angulation of a digit in the anteroposterior plane, is often due to a longitudinal epiphyseal bracket on the radial side of the middle phalanx of the little finger. Treatment options include observation, osteotomy, and epiphyseal bar resection. Epiphyseal bar resection is a simple surgery that requires neither postoperative pin fixation nor immobilization.

Reconstruction of the hypoplastic thumb.

Thumb hypoplasia is characterized by diminished thumb size, metacarpal adduction, metacarpophalangeal joint instability, thenar muscle hypoplasia or aplasia, extrinsic tendon dysplasia, and in the most severe cases, carpometacarpal joint instability or thumb aplasia. Severe thumb hypoplasia and aplasia are best treated by thumb ablation and pollicization of the index finger. Less severe thumb hypoplasia can be reconstructed by a combination of soft tissue release, first web space local flap coverage, metacarpophalangeal joint collateral ligament and capsule reconstruction, extrinsic tendon tenolysis, and muscle or tendon transfers.

Congenital longitudinal deficiency.

Radial and ulnar longitudinal deficiencies are the 2 most common types of congenital longitudinal deficiencies of the arm, with radial deficiency being 3 to 4 times more common. They are a spectrum of abnormalities, ranging from mild deficiency of the digits to complete loss of one-half the forearm, wrist, and fingers. Radial longitudinal deficiency is associated with a number of medical syndromes that require a comprehensive medical evaluation, while ulnar longitudinal deficiency (ULD) is associated with other musculoskeletal anomalies.

Disorders of the immature carpus.

Carpal disorders in children are often associated with developmental abnormalities of structures surrounding the wrist. In addition, carpal ossification throughout childhood has unique influences on pediatric carpal injury. Because the immature carpus is composed of unossified cartilage, carpal abnormalities in young children are frequently undetectable on plain radiographs.

Carpal tunnel syndrome in children.

CTS is uncommon in children. A number of conditions predispose children to developing CTS. These conditions include the lysosomal storage diseases, a multigenerational history of CTS, and macrodactyly.