Physical Traits and Reproductive Measurements Associated with Early Conception in Beef Replacement Heifers.

Developing and raising replacement heifers requires a large capital investment for producers. Therefore, it is imperative to discover traits and management practices to eliminate subfertile heifers prior to breeding and pregnancy determination. In this study, four years of data was analyzed from a centralized beef heifer development yard in the Midwest of the United States.

Analytical approaches for detection of breath VOC biomarkers of cattle diseases -A review.

Diagnosis of diseases in cattle at early stages is of significance both economically and clinically. Non-invasive diagnostic samples such as breath are preferred since they cause minimum inconvenience or pain to the animals. In this review, different sampling devices, sample preparation techniques, instrumentation, and statistical analysis approaches that have been designed and tested are described and compared in terms of their applicability in the diagnosis of common cattle diseases.

How Does Housing Influence Bovine Respiratory Disease in Confinement Cow-Calf Operations?

Confined cow-calf operations are a relatively new production model in the United States. As with any new technology, there will be a learning curve for producers and veterinarians as we attempt to optimize animal health and profitability. It is critical that cattle are managed properly in these units if disease issues are to be minimized.

Association between antimicrobial drug class for treatment and retreatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and frequency of resistant BRD pathogen isolation from veterinary diagnostic laboratory samples.

Although 90% of BRD relapses are reported to receive retreatment with a different class of antimicrobial, studies examining the impact of antimicrobial selection (i.e. bactericidal or bacteriostatic) on retreatment outcomes and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are deficient in the published literature.

The effects of pretransportation or arrival meloxicam administration to calves entering the feedlot on morbidity, biomarkers, performance, and carcass characteristics.

The objective of this trial was to investigate the effects of using meloxicam as a pretransport or on arrival therapeutic on disease outcomes of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), biomarker outcomes associated with BRD, performance characteristics over the first 42 d on feed, and carcass traits at harvest in cross bred beef cattle. Multisourced, crossbred steer calves ( = 168) consisting of mainly British and British-Continental breeds were purchased from an auction market in central Missouri. Calves were processed prior to transportation and again upon feedlot arrival.

Effect of oral administration of meloxicam prior to transport on inflammatory mediators and leukoctye function of cattle at feedlot arrival.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of meloxicam administration before long-distance transport on inflammatory mediators and leukocyte function of cattle at feedlot arrival. ANIMALS 60 healthy yearling beef steers. PROCEDURES Single-source steers were assigned to a transported (n = 40) or nontransported (20) group.

Treatment history and antimicrobial susceptibility results for Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni isolates from bovine respiratory disease cases submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from 2013 to 2015.

Bovine respiratory disease is the most costly disease facing the cattle industry. Increasing resistance to antimicrobial treatment has been presented as a significant contributing factor, often through summarized susceptibility testing data. We assessed the relationship between previous antimicrobial treatment and antimicrobial susceptibility results from isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni cultured from bovine respiratory cases submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from 2013 to 2015.

Randomized blinded controlled trial to assess the association between a commercial vaccine against Moraxella bovis and the cumulative incidence of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in beef calves.

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between a commercially available vaccine against Moraxella bovis and cumulative incidence of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) from processing to weaning (primary objective) and body weight at weaning (secondary objective). DESIGN Randomized blinded controlled trial. ANIMALS 214 calves (≥ 2 months of age) born in the spring of 2015 at an Iowa State University cow-calf research unit with no visible lesions or scars on either eye.

Producer survey of herd-level risk factors for nursing beef calf respiratory disease.

Objective: To identify herd-level risk factors for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in nursing beef calves.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional survey.

Sample: 2,600 US cow-calf producers in 3 Eastern and 3 Plains states.

Case-control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea.

Calf diarrhea is a major economic burden for the US cattle industry. A variety of infectious agents are implicated in calf diarrhea and co-infection of multiple pathogens is not uncommon in diarrheic calves. A case-control study was conducted to assess infectious etiologies associated with calf diarrhea in Midwest cattle farms.

Evaluation of three antimicrobial regimens used as metaphylaxis in stocker calves at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease.

A total of 894 calves at high risk for bovine respiratory disease were processed at two sites and randomly assigned to receive one of three antimicrobial metaphylactic regimens to determine if a two-drug regimen offered any advantage over the more conventional one-course regimens. On arrival, calves received either a two-course regimen of ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) followed by tulathromycin 8 days later (Group 1) or a one-course regiment of CCFA (Group 2) or tilmicosin (Group 3). At Site A, morbidity was significantly lower (52%) in Group 1 than in Group 2 (76.