Antimicrobial-Resistant , , and Kentucky Harboring Aminoglycoside and Beta-Lactam Resistance Genes in Raw Meat-Based Dog Diets, USA.

The practice of feeding raw meat-based diets to dogs has grown in popularity worldwide in recent years. However, there are public health risks in handling and feeding raw meat-based dog diets (RMDDs) to dogs since there are no pathogen reduction steps to reduce the microbial load, which may include antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria. A total of 100 RMDDs from 63 suppliers were sampled, and selective media were used to isolate bacteria from the diets.

AP183 Inhibits Biofilm Formation and Proliferation in Murine and Bovine Disease Models.

The increasing frequency of antimicrobial resistance has spurred interest in identifying alternative therapeutants. We investigated the inhibitory capacity of strains in mouse and bovine models. Among multiple strains that inhibited growth , AP183 provided the most potent inhibition of proliferation and bioluminescence in a mouse cutaneous wound ( = 0.

Genomic and in vitro pharmacodynamic analysis of rifampicin resistance in multidrug-resistant canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern in canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius dermatitis. Treatment with rifampicin (RFP) is considered only in meticillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MDR-MRSP).

Clinical Feasibility and Airway Deposition of Nebulized Voriconazole in Healthy Horses.

Voriconazole (VRC) is a potential treatment for pneumomycosis in horses. The objectives of this study were to determine if the delivery of Vfend using a Flexineb nebulizer produced clinically significant [VRC] in lower airways. The hypothesis was that [VRC] after delivery by nebulization would be greater in the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid than plasma.

Successful management of cutaneous paralagenidiosis in a dog treated with mefenoxam, minocycline, prednisone, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Cutaneous oomycotic infections are a rare dermatological disease primarily affecting horses and dogs. Response to medical management with antifungal therapies is poor because these organisms are not true fungi. Complete cure is unlikely if the infected tissue is unable to be completely surgically excised.

Draft Genome Assemblies of Two Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strains Isolated from Canine Skin Biopsy Specimens.

is a Gram-positive bacterial species highly relevant to animal and human health. In this study, we report the draft genome sequences of two clinical isolates of from canine skin biopsy specimens at the Dermatology Service of the Auburn University Small Animal Teaching Hospital.

Comparison of microbiota, antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in flies and the feces of sympatric animals.

Flies are well-known vectors of bacterial pathogens, but there are little data on their role in spreading microbial community and antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we compared the bacterial community, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in flies with those in the feces of sympatric animals. A 16S rRNA-based microbial analysis identified 23 bacterial phyla in fecal samples and 25 phyla in flies; all the phyla identified in the fecal samples were also found in the flies.

Analysis of the effects of storage temperature and contamination on aerobic bacterial culture results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Background: Storage temperature of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) impacts cytological evaluation. The effect of storage temperature before bacterial culture has not been evaluated.

Objectives: To assess whether BALF storage temperature alters aerobic bacterial culture results.

Multidrug-Resistant , and spp. in Houseflies and Blowflies from Farms and Their Environmental Settings.

Antimicrobial resistance is rising globally at an alarming rate. While multiple active surveillance programs have been established to monitor the antimicrobial resistance, studies on the environmental link to antimicrobial spread are lacking. A total of 493 flies were trapped from a dairy unit, a dog kennel, a poultry farm, a beef cattle unit, an urban trash facility and an urban downtown area to isolate , and spp.

Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli and Tetracycline-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Wild Raptors of Alabama and Georgia, USA.

Wild birds inhabit in a wide variety of environments and can travel great distances. Thus, wild birds can possibly spread antimicrobial resistance along the way, and this may represent a potential public health concern. We characterized antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis in wild raptors in the southeastern US.

Minimum inhibitory concentration and killing properties of rifampicin against canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs in the southeast USA.

Background: Meticillin-resistant (MR) staphylococcal pyoderma in dogs has led to increased use of alternate antibiotics such as rifampicin (RFP). However, little information exists regarding its pharmacodynamics in MR Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.

Hypothesis/objectives: To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and killing properties of RFP for canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates.

CRISPR/Cas9/sgRNA-mediated targeted gene modification confirms the cause-effect relationship between gyrA mutation and quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.

Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that have been used for decades in treating bacterial infections in humans and animals, and subsequently bacterial resistance to these agents has increased. While studies indicated the relationship between gyrA mutations and bacterial resistance to quinolones, CRISPR/Cas9 was used in this study to investigate causal role of gyrA mutation in the quinolone resistance. In this study, 818 clinical Escherichia coli isolates were analyzed for gyrA mutations and their resistance to quinolones.

Passive protection against anthrax in mice with plasma derived from horses hyper-immunized against Sterne strain.

In this study, equine source polyclonal anti- immunoglobulins were generated and utilized to demonstrate passive protection of mice in a lethal challenge assay. Four horses were hyper-immunized with Sterne strain for approximately one year. The geometric mean anti-PA titer in the horses at maximal response following immunization was 1:77,936 (Log2 mean titer 16.

Identification and characterization of mcr mediated colistin resistance in extraintestinal Escherichia coli from poultry and livestock in China.

Antimicrobial resistance to colistin has emerged worldwide threatening the efficacy of one of the last-resort antimicrobials used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infection in humans. In this study, we investigated the presence of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3) in Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry and livestock collected between 2004 and 2012 in China. Furthermore, we studied the maintenance and transfer of the mcr-1 gene in E.

Development of a Sustained-Release Voriconazole-Containing Thermogel for Subconjunctival Injection in Horses.

Purpose: To determine in vitro release profiles, transcorneal permeation, and ocular injection characteristics of a voriconazole-containing thermogel suitable for injection into the subconjunctival space (SCS).

Methods: In vitro release rate of voriconazole (0.3% and 1.

Presurgical antiseptic efficacy of chlorhexidine diacetate and providone-iodine in the canine preputial cavity.

Antiseptic flushing of the canine prepuce and its exclusion from the surgical field are recommended before abdominal surgery to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination. The authors cultured the preputial cavity of 60 dogs prior to and following flushing with 0.05% chlorhexidine diacetate, 1% povidone-iodine, or 0.

An inversion of 25 base pairs causes feline GM2 gangliosidosis variant.

In G(M2) gangliosidosis variant 0, a defect in the beta-subunit of lysosomal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.

Effects of 3 biologic dressings on healing of cutaneous wounds on the limbs of horses.

Three biologic dressings [split-thickness allogeneic skin (STS)], allogeneic peritoneum (P), and xenogenic porcine small intestinal submucosa (PSIS)] were studied to determine their effects on bacterial proliferation, inflammatory reaction, vascularization, and overall healing and to compare the effects of these dressings with the effects of a nonbiologic dressing, a nonadherent synthetic pad (NASP). A medial wound (3 cm in diameter) and 2 lateral wounds (2 cm in diameter) were created at the junction of the proximal and middle thirds of each metacarpus and metatarsus in 5 horses. Each medial wound and the proximolateral wound received an STS, P, PSIS, or NASP dressing on day 8 after wounding.

Isolation and characterization of multipotential mesenchymal stem cells from feline bone marrow.

Objective: Although several types of stem cells have been isolated from rodent and human tissues, very few data exist on stem cell isolation from nonrodent animals, which seriously limits the advancement of stem cell biology and its ultimate translation to human clinical applications. Domestic cats are used frequently in biomedical research and are the preferred species for studies of normal physiology and disease, particularly in neuroscience. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from feline bone marrow for use in research on the application of stem cells to human health problems for which cats are the preferred model.