Greater recalled pain and movement-evoked pain are associated with longer 400-meter walk and repeat stair climb time: the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging.

Background: Musculoskeletal pain frequently accompanies the development of mobility disability and falls in old age. To better understand this, we aimed to quantify the impact of different pain measures-recalled pain and movement-evoked pain-on 400-meter walk and stair climb time in older adults participating in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Methods: In SOMMA (N=879, age=76.

Role of Walking Energetics and Perceived Fatigability Differs by Gait Speed: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: Slower gait speed may be driven by greater energy deficits and fatigability among older adults. We examined associations of walking energetics and perceived physical fatigability with gait speed among slower and faster walkers. Additionally, we used statistical mediation to examine the role of fatigability in the associations of walking energetics and gait speed using the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Muscle Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Capacities Are Associated With Multimorbidity Burden in Older Adults: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging.

Background: The geroscience hypothesis posits that aging biological processes contribute to many age-related deficits, including the accumulation of multiple chronic diseases. Though only one facet of mitochondrial function, declines in muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacities may contribute to this increased susceptibility to multimorbidity.

Methods: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) assessed ex vivo muscle mitochondrial energetics in 764 older adults (mean age = 76.

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in a Prospective Multicenter Cohort of Older Adults.

Purpose: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured by peak oxygen consumption (V̇O 2peak ) declines with aging and correlates with mortality and morbidity. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the criterion method to assess CRF, but its feasibility, validity, and reliability in older adults are unclear. Our objective was to design and implement a dependable, safe, and reliable CPET protocol in older adults.

Age Is Associated With Dampened Circadian Patterns of Rest and Activity: The Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: The effects of aging on circadian patterns of behavior are insufficiently described. To address this, we characterized age-specific features of rest-activity rhythms (RAR) in community-dwelling older adults both overall, and in relation, to sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: We examined cross-sectional associations between RAR and age, sex, race, education, multimorbidity burden, financial, work, martial, health, and smoking status using assessments of older adults with wrist-worn free-living actigraphy data (N = 820, age = 76.

Associations Between D3Cr Muscle Mass and Magnetic Resonance Thigh Muscle Volume With Strength, Power, Physical Performance, Fitness, and Limitations in Older Adults in the SOMMA Study.

Background: How magnetic resonance (MR) derived thigh muscle volume and deuterated creatine dilution derived muscle mass (D3Cr muscle mass) differentially relate to strength, fitness, and other functions in older adults-and whether associations vary by sex-is not known.

Methods: Men (N = 345) and women (N = 482) aged ≥70 years from the Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging completed leg extension strength (1-repetition max) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess fitness (VO2peak). Correlations and adjusted regression models stratified by sex were used to assess the association between muscle size measures, study outcomes, and sex interactions.

Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age, and physical activity (PA) has been shown to offset these declines in older adults. Yet, many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise interventions. Therefore, we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior (SB) with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle energetics.

Lower muscle mitochondrial energetics is associated with greater phenotypic frailty in older women and men: the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging.

Background: Phenotypic frailty syndrome identifies older adults at greater risk for adverse health outcomes. Despite the critical role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular function, including energy production, the associations between muscle mitochondrial energetics and frailty have not been widely explored in a large, well-phenotyped, older population.

Methods: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) assessed muscle energetics in older adults (N = 879, mean age = 76.

Associations between DCr muscle mass and MR thigh muscle volume with strength, power, physical performance, fitness, and limitations in older adults in the SOMMA study.

Background: Different measures to assess muscle size - magnetic resonance (MR) derived thigh muscle volume and d3-creatine dilution derived muscle mass (DCr muscle mass) - may have similar associations with strength, power, physical performance, fitness, and functional limitations in older adults.

Methods: Men (N=345) and women (N=482) aged ≥70 years from the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging completed exams including leg extension strength (1-repetition max) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess fitness (VOpeak). Correlations and adjusted regression models stratified by sex were used to assess the association between muscle size measures and study outcomes; we tested for sex interactions.

Associations of Objective and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior with Skeletal Muscle Energetics: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age, and physical activity (PA) has been shown to counteract these declines in older adults. Yet, many studies were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise interventions. We examined the associations of objective daily PA and sedentary behavior (SB) with skeletal muscle energetics and also compared with self-reported PA and SB.

Age is Associated with Dampened Circadian Patterns of Rest and Activity: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: Aging is associated with declines in circadian functions. The effects of aging on circadian patterns of behavior are insufficiently described. We characterized age-specific features of rest-activity rhythms (RAR) in community dwelling older adults, both overall, and in relation, to sociodemographic characteristics.

Muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacities is associated with multimorbidity burden in older adults: the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: The geroscience hypothesis posits that aging biological processes contribute to many age-related deficits, including the accumulation of multiple chronic diseases. Though only one facet of mitochondrial function, declines in muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacities may contribute to this increased susceptibility to multimorbidity.

Methods: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) assessed muscle mitochondrial energetics in 764 older adults (mean age =76.

Vigor to Frailty As a Continuum-A New Approach in the Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging Cohort.

Background: Frailty can occur in older adults without disability or multimorbidity. Current methods focus on the most frail, but poorly discriminate among those "not frail."

Methods: The Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging (SOMMA) included 879 adults aged 70 years and older without mobility disability.

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in a Prospective Multicenter Cohort of Older Adults: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured by peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) declines with aging and correlates with mortality and morbidity. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) has long been the criterion method to assess CRF, but its feasibility, efficacy and reliability in older adults is unclear. The large, multicenter Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) employed CPET to evaluate the mechanisms underlying declines in mobility with aging among community-dwelling older adults.

The Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio Is Associated With Volumetric Bone Density in Older Men.

Context: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the current marker of vitamin D adequacy, but its relationship with bone health has been inconsistent. The ratio of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to 25(OH)D3 (vitamin D metabolite ratio or VMR) is a marker of vitamin D that has been associated with longitudinal changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk.

Objective: High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) provides information on bone health beyond standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, in that it measures volumetric BMD (vBMD) as well bone strength.

Multidimensional Sleep Health and Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Men.

Specific sleep characteristics have been associated with cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias; however, studies examining the association between multidimensional sleep (a more comprehensive integration of sleep parameters) and cognitive decline are lacking. Among 2,811 older men without dementia, those with none, 1-2, and 3-5 "poor" self-reported sleep health dimensions had an adjusted 10-year change score of global cognition (3MS) of 2.9, 4.

Predicting Slow Walking Speed From a Pooled Cohort Analysis: Sarcopenia Definitions, Agreement, and Prevalence in Australia and New Zealand.

Background: Recent operational definitions of sarcopenia have not been replicated and compared in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) populations. We aimed to identify sarcopenia measures that discriminate ANZ adults with slow walking speed (<0.8 m/s) and determine the agreement between the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) and revised European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) operational definitions of sarcopenia.

The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA): A Unique Cohort Study About the Cellular Biology of Aging and Age-related Loss of Mobility.

Background: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) aims to understand the biological basis of many facets of human aging, with a focus on mobility decline, by creating a unique platform of data, tissues, and images.

Methods: The multidisciplinary SOMMA team includes 2 clinical centers (University of Pittsburgh and Wake Forest University), a biorepository (Translational Research Institute at Advent Health), and the San Francisco Coordinating Center (California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute). Enrollees were age ≥70 years, able to walk ≥0.

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration in community-living older persons: A multifactorial geriatric health condition.

Background: Insomnia or poor sleep quality with objective short sleep duration (hereafter referred to as ISSD) has been identified as a high-risk phenotype among middle-aged persons. We evaluated the prevalence and clinical correlates of ISSD among community-living older persons.

Methods: In 3053 men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sleep Study (MrOS; average age 76.

Associations of 24-Hour Light Exposure and Activity Patterns and Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Decline in Older Men: The MrOS Sleep Study.

Background: Older men with the worse alignment of activity and light may have lower levels of cognition and increased rates of cognitive decline.

Methods: This cohort consisted of 1 036 older men (81.1 ± 4.

Factor analysis to determine relative contributions of strength, physical performance, body composition and muscle mass to disability and mobility disability outcomes in older men.

Background: It is not known how measures of body composition, strength and physical performance are interrelated or how empirical groupings of these measures relate to disability and mobility disability.

Methods: Muscle mass was assessed by D-creatine dilution (DCr muscle mass) in 1345 men (84.1 ± 4.

CT Muscle Density, D3Cr Muscle Mass, and Body Fat Associations With Physical Performance, Mobility Outcomes, and Mortality Risk in Older Men.

Background: Muscle mass declines with age, while body adiposity increases. Sarcopenic obesity has been proposed to be particularly deleterious. However, previous methods for estimating muscle mass have been inadequate, and the relative contributions of total body fat versus muscle fat to adverse outcomes have been unclear.

Self-reported and actigraphic short sleep duration in older adults.

Study Objectives: Persons > 65 years with short sleep duration (≤ 6 hours) are at risk for adverse outcomes, but the accuracy of self-reported sleep duration may be affected by reduced symptom awareness. We evaluated the performance characteristics of self-reported vs objectively measured sleep duration in this age group.

Methods: In 2,980 men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sleep Study and 2,855 women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures we examined the agreement and accuracy of self-reported vs actigraphy-measured short and normal (> 6 but < 9 hours) sleep duration.

The Associations of Handgrip Strength and Leg Extension Power Asymmetry on Incident Recurrent Falls and Fractures in Older Men.

Background: Evaluating asymmetries in muscle function could provide important insights for fall risk assessments. We sought to determine the associations of (i) handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry and (ii) leg extension power (LEP) asymmetry on risk of incident recurrent falls and fractures in older men.

Method: There were 5 730 men with HGS asymmetry data and 5 347 men with LEP asymmetry data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.