Physician Advocacy: Identifying Motivations for Work Beyond Clinical Practice.

Introduction: Advocacy is a perceived social and professional obligation of physicians. However, many feel their training and practice environment do not support increased engagement in advocacy. The aim of this qualitative project was to delineate the role that advocacy plays in physicians' careers and the factors driving physician engagement in advocacy.

Subclinical involvement of common carotid arteries in patients with fibromuscular dysplasia - a case-control study.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) primarily involves medium-sized arteries, though the entire spectrum of vascular involvement is not fully understood. We hypothesized that larger arteries may also be affected, albeit sub-clinically. We measured the cross-sectional diameter of the thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, common iliac arteries (CIA) and common carotid arteries (CCA) in FMD subjects and compared them to matched controls.