Association Between Maternal Infections in Pregnancy and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Offspring: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts.

Background: The association of infections and antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development in the offspring have been scarcely investigated. We examined infection and antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risk of IBD in offspring.

Methods: We followed participants from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian mother father and child cohort (MoBa) from birth (1997-2009) until 2020-2021.

Atopic Dermatitis in Early Childhood and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Scandinavian Birth Cohort Study.

Objective: To examine the association between early-life atopic manifestations and later risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which prospective data are scarce.

Study Design: The population-based All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child (MoBa) cohorts follow children from birth (ABIS 1997-1999; MoBa 2000-2009) to the end of 2021. Based on validated questionnaires, parents prospectively reported information on asthma, food-related allergic symptoms, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis by age 3.

Kono-S anastomosis in Crohn's disease: initial experience in pediatric patients.

Purpose: Children diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) often undergo ileocecal resection (ICR) during childhood. Anastomotic recurrence is a frequent finding following this procedure. Data addressing the effect of the anastomosis type on disease recurrence are scarce in the pediatric population.

Physical activity in childhood and later risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A Scandinavian birth cohort study.

Background And Objective: Retrospective data have linked adult physical activity (PA) to reduced risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to prospectively examine the association of PA and screen time (ST) in childhood with later risk of IBD, for which data are scarce.

Methods: Using two population-based birth cohorts (All Babies in Southeast Sweden [ABIS] and Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study [MoBa]), we retrieved parent-reported data on PA and ST degree at ages 3 and 8 years.

Faecal Bacteriome and Metabolome Profiles Associated with Decreased Mucosal Inflammatory Activity Upon Anti-TNF Therapy in Paediatric Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: Treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor α antibodies [anti-TNF] changes the dysbiotic faecal bacteriome in Crohn's disease [CD]. However, it is not known whether these changes are due to decreasing mucosal inflammatory activity or whether similar bacteriome reactions might be observed in gut-healthy subjects. Therefore, we explored changes in the faecal bacteriome and metabolome upon anti-TNF administration [and therapeutic response] in children with CD and contrasted those to anti-TNF-treated children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis [JIA].

Postvaccination Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and Its Predictors in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objectives: We prospectively compared the postvaccination immunity to messenger ribonucleic acid BNT162b2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine of our pediatric patients over 12 years old with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to that of healthy controls and looked for predictors of its robustness.

Methods: Anti-receptor binding domain, anti-spike S2, and anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobin-G (IgG) and immunoglobin-A levels were measured in 139 pediatric patients with IBD [65 fully vaccinated (2 doses), median age 16.3, interquartile range (IQR) 15.

Serum and Mucosal CD30 in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Useful Biomarker for Diagnosis and Disease Activity Monitoring?

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) frequently manifest in pediatric age, but may have atypical clinical, histological and laboratory features. Their underlying immune pathophysiology is incompletely understood, rendering quick diagnosis followed by tailored therapy difficult. The tumor necrosis factor superfamily receptor CD30 has been proposed as a potential marker of ulcerative colitis (UC) and has also been associated with elevated Th2 helper T cells.

Prediction of thiopurine failure in pediatric Crohn's disease: pediatric IBD Porto group of ESPGHAN.

Background: Maintaining of remission early in the disease course of Crohn's disease (CD) is essential and has major impact on the future prognosis. This study aimed to identify baseline predictors to develop model allowing stratification of patients who will not benefit from long-term azathioprine (AZA) treatment and will require more intensive therapy.

Methods: This study was designed to develop clinical prediction rule using retrospective data analysis of pediatric CD patients included in prospective inception cohort.

Predictive value of tissue calprotectin for disease recurrence after ileocecal resection in pediatric Crohn's disease.

Aim: Detection of possible predictive factors of endoscopic recurrence after ileocecal resection in Crohn's disease could be very beneficial for the individual adjustment of postoperative therapy. The aim of this study was to verify, whether immunohistochemical detection of calprotectin in resection margins is useful in diagnostics of endoscopic recurrence.

Methods: In this study we included pediatric patients with Crohn's disease who underwent ileocecal resection, regardless of pre-operative or post-operative therapy (n=48).

Is It Useful to Monitor Thiopurine Metabolites in Pediatric Patients with Crohn's Disease on Combination Therapy? A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

Background: The additional value of azathioprine concomitant treatment on infliximab pharmacokinetics in children is not well described yet.

Aims: In the present study, we aimed to describe the relationship between thiopurine metabolite levels, infliximab trough levels, anti-IFX antibody formation, and clinical and laboratory markers of disease activity in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease, and to assess non-adherence.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively during repeated visits from pediatric patients followed for Crohn's disease in two Czech pediatric inflammatory bowel disease centers between January 2016 and June 2017.

Limited clinical significance of tissue calprotectin levels in bowel mucosa for the prediction of complicated course of the disease in children with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Fecal calprotectin (F-CPT) represents one of the most widely used biomarkers for intestinal inflammation. However, the levels may be false negative or false positive in some situations.

Aims: To evaluate the usefulness of immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of tissue calprotectin (T-CPT) in bowel mucosa in children with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Prediction of Thiopurine Metabolite Levels Based on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters.

Objectives: Therapeutic drug monitoring of thiopurine erythrocyte levels is not available in all centers and it usually requires quite a long time to obtain the results. The aims of this study were to build a model predicting low levels of 6-thioguanine and 6-methylmercaptopurine in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and to build a model to predict nonadherence in patients treated with azathioprine (AZA).

Methods: The study consisted of 332 observations in 88 pediatric IBD patients.

The Accuracy of a Home-performed Faecal Calprotectin Test in Paediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objectives: Owing to the invasiveness of endoscopy, the use of biomarkers, especially faecal calprotectin (FC), has become standard for remission assessment. This study aimed to compare the accuracy for detection of endoscopic activity using recently developed FC home test using smartphone application (FC-IBDoc) against standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Methods: In all, 102 consecutive observations (89 participants) were included in prospective observational study.

Correction to: Fecal calprotectin is not a clinically useful marker for the prediction of the early nonresponse to exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric patients with Crohn disease.

This article was originally published with all author names incorrectly listed. All author names have now been transposed and appear correctly above. The original article was corrected.

Fecal calprotectin is not a clinically useful marker for the prediction of the early nonresponse to exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric patients with Crohn disease.

Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) has been recommended as the first-line therapy in children with active Crohn disease (CD). The primary aim of our study was to determine whether it is possible to use the difference between basal fecal calprotectin (F-CPT) and the value at week 2 of EEN to predict clinical response at week 6. We prospectively collected stool samples for F-CPT analysis and clinical and laboratory parameters during EEN from 38 pediatric patients (28 boys, median age 12.