Bench-scale bioretention systems: Potential of substrates with and without coconut fiber for plant growth development.

Bioretention systems are sustainable solutions designed to address environmental challenges arising from urbanization by improving water quality and filtering surface runoff, while integrating green spaces into urban landscapes. However, there is limited research on the adaptability of vegetation in these systems within tropical regions, indicating a gap in the use of native species in green technologies. This study evaluates the adaptability and growth of three plant species-Sansevieria trifasciata 'Hahnii', Chlorophytum comosum, and Ruellia simplex-in bioretention systems utilizing local materials.