The epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Spain according to surveillance and hospitalization data, 2012-2020.

Background: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, tuberculosis (TB) was the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. In Spain, TB notifications are registered through the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE). The Minimum Basic Data Set (CMBD) provides information on TB hospital discharges.

Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic. How has it changed?

Introduction: The epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objectives were to describe the RSV epidemic in 2021 and compare it with the previous years to the pandemic.

Methods: Retrospective study performed in Madrid (Spain) in a large pediatric hospital comparing the epidemiology and clinical data of RSV admissions during 2021 and the two previous seasons.

First wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Madrid: handling the unexpected in a tertiary hospital.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic was declared on March 11, 2020. By the end of January, the first imported cases were detected in Spain and, by March, the number of cases was growing exponentially, causing the implementation of a national lockdown. Madrid has been one of the most affected regions in terms of both cases and deaths.

Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic. How has it changed?

Introduction: The epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objectives were to describe the RSV epidemic in 2021 and compare it with the previous years to the pandemic.

Methods: Retrospective study performed in Madrid (Spain) in a large pediatric hospital comparing the epidemiology and clinical data of RSV admissions during 2021 and the two previous seasons.

Normal initial magnetic resonance imaging in aseptic bone necrosis of the knee.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the most sensitive tool for the detection of osteonecrosis at early stages. We report about 3 patients with high suspicion of osteonecrosis at the knees in whom an initial MRI was normal, but the condition was apparent in a subsequent study. The time between the initial insult and the appearance of diagnostic alterations in MR studies remains undefined and, in patients at risk an initial MRI, if done too early, may fail to detect this condition.

Gout.

Purpose Of The Review: We have reviewed the latest publications on epidemiology of gout; also there have been new insights into the regulation of the inflammation resulting from the regular interaction occurring between MSU crystals and cells in both asymptomatic and symptomatic gouty joints. Finally we review different publications of clinical interest.

Recent Findings: The incidence of gout has been found to be increasing, and the disease starts at an earlier age; this likely relates to changes in dietary habits that lead to the development of the insulin resistance syndrome to which hyperuricemia, and thus gout, relates.