Covid-19: A critical time for cross-sector social work care management.

Covid-19 has profoundly impacted social work and has exposed the existing inequities in the health care system in the United States. Social workers play a critical role in the pandemic response for historically marginalized communities and for those who find themselves needing support for the first time. Innovative approaches to care management, including the Center for Health and Social Care Integration (CHaSCI) Bridge Model of transitional care provides a foundation from which social workers can rise to meet these new challenges.

Steps to Effective Problem-Solving in group homes.

Aggressive/challenging behaviors (A/CB) are a major public health problem for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID). A leading reason for psychiatric hospitalizations and incarcerations, such behaviors are costly to the health care system, agencies, and families. Social problem-solving (SPS) training programs for individuals with ID have had positive behavioral results, but most were conducted in clinical or forensic settings.

Agency, social and healthcare supports for adults with intellectual disability at the end of life in out-of-home, non-institutional community residences in Western nations: A literature review.

Background: The nature and quality of end-of-life care received by adults with intellectual disabilities in out-of-home, non-institutional community agency residences in Western nations is not well understood.

Method: A range of databases and search engines were used to locate conceptual, clinical and research articles from relevant peer-reviewed journals.

Results: The present authors present a literature review of the agency, social and healthcare supports that impact end-of-life care for adults with intellectual disabilities.

Implementation challenges in end-of-life research with adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Although the 4 million+people in the U.S. with an intellectual or developmental disability (I/DD) experience the same life expectancy as those in the general population, end-of-life research including these individuals is lacking and can be difficult to implement.

Divergent views of hope influencing communications between parents and hospital providers.

This study evaluated parents' and health care providers' (HCPs) descriptions of hope following counseling of parents at risk of delivering an extremely premature infant. Data came from a longitudinal multiple case study investigation that examined the decision making and support needs of 40 families and their providers. Semistructured interviews were conducted before and after delivery.

Parent decision making for life support for extremely premature infants: from the prenatal through end-of-life period.

Most deaths of extremely premature infants occur in the perinatal period. Yet, little is known about how parents make life support decisions in such a short period of time. In the paper, how parents make life support decisions for extremely premature infants from the prenatal period through death from the perspectives of parents, nurses, and physicians is described.

Providing advice to parents for women at acutely high risk of periviable delivery.

Objective: To better understand preferred approaches that health care professionals could use when caring for parents who are at risk of giving birth to an extremely premature infant.

Methods: Women who were at high risk of having a periviable birth were recruited from three tertiary care hospitals with level 3 neonatal intensive care units. These women, as well as their partners, physicians, and nurses underwent structured interviews both before and after delivery.

How nurses assist parents regarding life support decisions for extremely premature infants.

Objective: To describe nurse behaviors that assisted parents to make life-support decisions for an extremely premature infant before and after the infant's birth.

Design: Qualitative, longitudinal, collective case study where interviews were done pre- and postnatally and medical chart data were collected.

Setting: Interviews were conducted face-to-face in a private room in the hospital, in the mother's home, or over the telephone.

Supporting parents' decision making surrounding the anticipated birth of an extremely premature infant.

Parents who are at risk for giving birth to an extremely premature infant, defined as 22 to 25 weeks' gestation, can find themselves faced with urgent treatment decisions for their unborn infant that have life-altering consequences. Despite the recommendation for involving parents in decision making for these infants, there is limited evidence regarding guidelines for involving parents. In this article, we describe a case from a larger collective case study that examines the decision making and the decision support needs of parents regarding life support decisions made over time (prenatally and postnatally) for extremely premature infants from the perceptions of parents, physicians, and nurses.

Neonatal end-of-life care: a review of the research literature.

While advances in neonatal medicine have increased the possibility of sustaining life for many infants, more infants still die in the neonatal period (birth to 27 days of life) than those in any other time in childhood. Despite this statistic, there still remains much that is unknown about both the needs and the care of these critically ill babies. Palliative care is a viable option for many of these infants and their families.

Enacting a theory of caring to recruit and retain vulnerable participants for sensitive research.

The recruitment and retention of research participants always presents challenges to researchers. This process is made more complicated when the research being undertaken is socially sensitive and the populations of interest are considered vulnerable. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how Swanson's middle-range theory of caring can be used as a framework for recruitment and retention for studies on sensitive topics that involve vulnerable participants.

Extending palliative care into pregnancy and the immediate newborn period: state of the practice of perinatal palliative care.

Many infants die immediately prior to birth or in the neonatal period; thus, it is imperative that we begin to recognize the importance of integrating palliative care into pregnancy and the immediate newborn period. While advances in perinatal care have changed the decisions parents face when they receive a diagnosis of a life-limiting or life-threatening condition, the importance of perinatal palliative care has only recently been recognized as a viable option for care. Perinatal palliative care emphasizes the importance of planning for the limited amount of time families may have with their baby.

Repetition priming and recognition memory in younger and older persons: temporal stability and performance.

The dissociation between intact priming and reduced explicit memory in aging has been called into question on the basis of limited information that suggests that priming measures are less reliable than explicit memory measures. No aging study to date, however, has offered a comprehensive examination of the reliability of these measures. Age-related performance and test-retest stability coefficients for multiple priming and explicit memory tasks were compared.