Anticancer Activity and Mechanism of Action of Bark Decoction in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cell Line.

, a medicinal plant autochthonal to South America and South India, is widely used in the ethnomedicine of the indigenous peoples of these regions thanks to its alleged antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and wound-healing properties. The majority of studies have mainly analyzed organic extracts of the Indian plant's flowers and leaves, with limited research on its bark decoction, traditionally used in Amazonian shamanic medicine. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of the bark decoction and its main fractions obtained through chromatographic separation, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms in AGS gastric cancer cells.

Activity of (Taro) Corms against Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells: Chemical Study and Molecular Characterization.

(L.) Schott is a tuberous plant, also known as taro, employed as food worldwide for its renowned nutritional properties but also traditionally used in several countries for medical purposes. In this study, methanolic extracts were prepared from the corms and leaves of , subsequently fractionated via molecular exclusion chromatography (RP-HPLC) and their anti-tumor activity assessed in an in vitro model of gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS cells).

Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of a methanol extract from de Noé ex Coss. leaves.

de Noé ex Coss. (Lamiaceae) is a quite rare medicinal plant endemic to the Mediterranean basin. In this study, seven secondary metabolites from a methanol extract of its leaves have been isolated and identified by a combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR experiments and ESIMS analysis).

Couroupita guianensis bark decoction: From Amazonian medicine to the UHPLC-HRMS chemical profile and its role in inflammation processes and re-epithelialization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In the Amazon rainforest, the shamans of the Mayantuyacu site use the healing virtues of decoctions and teas from different parts of the Couroupita guianensis Aubl. (Lecythidaceae) trees as remedies in Ashaninka medicine. However, composition of the remedy and the underlying mechanism remain unclear.

The medieval skincare routine according to the formulations of Madgistra Trotula and the Medical School of Salerno and its reflection on cosmetology of the third millennium.

Background: Officinal plants, minerals, animal derivatives, and miscellaneous have always been used to treat and improve appearance despite the different aesthetic canons of a specific historical and cultural context.

Objective: The aim of this work was to make a critical comparison between medieval and modern dermocosmetics analyzing the works of Trotula de Ruggiero, a female doctor of the 11th century teaching and working inside the illustrious "Medical School of Salerno," who devoted particular attention to the promotion of female care, beauty, and well-being.

Methods: We applied the historical-critical method analyzing the Latin text and the nglish translation of the standardized corpus of the main Trotula medieval manuscript De Ornatu Mulierum with a multidisciplinary scientific approach ranging from botany to pharmaceutical chemistry and technology, pharmacology and pathology.

Inulin-g-poly-D,L-lactide, a sustainable amphiphilic copolymer for nano-therapeutics.

Cancer therapies started to take a big advantage from new nanomedicines on the market. Since then, research tried to better understand how to maximize efficacy while maintaining a high safety profile. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), the gold standard for nanomedicines coating design, is a winning choice to ensure a long circulation and colloidal stability, while in some cases, patients could develop PEG-directed immunoglobulins after the first administration.

Advanced printable hydrogels from pre-crosslinked alginate as a new tool in semi solid extrusion 3D printing process.

With the aim to overcome alginate shape fidelity issue during the semisolid extrusion 3D printing and matrix collapsing after drying, we speculated that a pre-crosslinking step of the alginate ink-gel with low amount of Ca could improve the hydrogel performance. To verify this, the influence of pre-crosslinker concentration (10-25 mM) on the ink gel rheological properties were studied and flow behaviour and viscoelastic properties were determined. The developed ink gels were fully characterised by DSC and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Development, Characterization, and Clinical Investigation of a New Topical Emulsion System Containing a Spiny Burs Active Extract.

The study focused on the development and characterization of an O/W emulsion for skincare containing spiny burs extract (CSE) as functional agent. The emulsion was stable and had suitable physicochemical and technological properties for dermal application and CSE showed no cytotoxicity in spontaneously immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) at active concentrations. A single-blind, placebo-controlled, monocentric study was designed to evaluate the skin tolerability and the skin performance of the CSE-loaded emulsion on healthy human volunteers.

Study on Extract: A Natural Antioxidant in Microencapsulated Powder Form as an Active Ingredient for Nutraceutical or Pharmaceutical Purposes.

The administration of natural antioxidants is considered to be a prevention strategy for chronic diseases and a useful tool for the healthcare system to reduce the administration of expensive and often not effective treatments. The chemical characterization of a methanolic extract (AJ) of L. was performed, and its antioxidant activity was evaluated.

Design and Development of Spray-Dried Microsystems to Improve Technological and Functional Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Hazelnut Shells.

An extract obtained from hazelnut shells by-products (HSE) has antioxidant and chemopreventive effects on human melanoma and cervical cancer cell lines, inducing apoptosis by caspase-3 activation. A clinical translation is limited by poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Dried plant extracts often show critical characteristics such as sticky/gummy appearance, unpleasant smell, and instability involving practical difficulties in processing for industrial use.

New sesquiterpenes from .

(Forsk) Less. is a Saharan medicinal plant of Asteraceae family. A new acyclic sesquiterpene [7,12-dihydroxy-6,7-dihydro-5,(6) -dehydronerolidol ()] and sesquiterpene germacranolide lactone derivatives [9β-hydroxy-11β,13-dihydroparthenolide-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside () and 9α-hydroxy-11β,13-dihydroparthenolide-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ()] along with eight known compounds were isolated from polar extracts of aerial parts.

Halimium halimifolium: From the Chemical and Functional Characterization to a Nutraceutical Ingredient Design.

(Hh) is a shrub used in Algerian folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal pain. An UHPLC-PDA-ESI/MS method was developed to identify the metabolic profile of the traditionally used infusion (Hh-A) from the aerial parts. The structures of flavanols were confirmed by NMR analysis after the isolation procedure from a hydrohalcolic extract (Hh-B) that also allowed for the identification of phenolic acids, an aryl butanol glucoside, and different derivatives of quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol.

A Water-Soluble Microencapsulated Milk Thistle Extract as Active Ingredient for Dermal Formulations.

The choice of formulation is often of crucial importance in order to obtain a pharmaceutical product for the administration of poorly soluble drugs. Recently, a new water-soluble microparticulate powder form (MTE-mp) for the oral administration of a high functionality/low solubility silymarin rich milk thistle extract (MTE) has been developed. Findings showed that extract-loaded microparticles by spray-drying were produced with high and reproducible yields and encapsulation efficiency.

Chestnut (Castanea sativa Miller.) Burs Extracts and Functional Compounds: UHPLC-UV-HRMS Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Inhibitory Effects on Phytopathogenic Fungi.

Chestnut ( Miller.) burs (CSB) represent a solid waste produced during the edible fruit harvesting. Their usual disposal in the field increases the environmental and economic impact of the agricultural process.

Development of Health Products from Natural Sources.

BioActive Compounds (BACs) recovered from food or food by-product matrices are useful in maintaining well being, enhancing human health, and modulating immune function to prevent or to treat chronic diseases. They are also generally seen by final consumers as safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly. Despite the complex process of production, chemical characterization, and assessment of health effects, BACs must also be manufactured in stable and bioactive ingredients to be used in pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industry.

Application of Spray Drying Particle Engineering to a High-Functionality/Low-Solubility Milk Thistle Extract: Powders Production and Characterization.

Many natural compounds having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity are a potential target for new therapies against chronic inflammatory syndromes. The oral administration of functional herbal supplements may become a prevention strategy or therapy adjuvant for susceptible patients. A case study is our milk thistle () extract rich in silymarin complex.

Forssk. (Boraginaceae) extracts: chemical constituents, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect in human cancer cell lines.

(Boraginaceae) is a perennial herb, growing in the Bechar region of Algeria, where it is traditionally used for skin diseases and tonsillitis. Herein, we report the isolation and characterization of sixteen secondary metabolites from the aerial part extracts. They include a sterol (), megastigman type nor-isoprenoids (, , , , , ), C-11 terpene lactones ( and ), and a monoterpene () from the chloroform extract (HB-C); monoterpene glucoside (), and phenolic compounds (-, , ) from the methanol one (HB-M).

New Constituents from Gymnocarpos decander.

The phytochemical investigation of aerial parts extract afforded two new saponins, 3---D-glucuronopyranosyl-2,3,16,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28---D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 3)--D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)--L-arabinopyranosyl ester (), 3---D-glucuronopyranosyl-2,3,16-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28--α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)--D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)--L-arabinopyranosyl ester (), and three new flavonol glycosides, isorhamnetin 3--2''''--acetyl--D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-[-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)]--D-glucopyranoside (), isorhamnetin 3--2‴--acetyl--D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)--D-glucopyranoside (), and quercetin 3--2‴--acetyl--D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)--D-glucopyranoside (), together with three known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The new isolates were investigated for their potential cytotoxic activity on three cancer cell lines.

Submicrometric hypromellose acetate succinate particles as carrier for soy isoflavones extract with improved skin penetration performance.

In this study, hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) stable submicronic particles loaded with a soy isoflavones extract have been obtained by nano spray drying technology. HPMCAS has been used as excipient able to increase both stability and supersaturation levels of the active ingredients hence able to enhance skin penetration performance of genistein and daidzein. The influence of polymer/extract ratio as other process variables, on particle size, morphology and permeation performance, have been investigated.

A new cineol derivative, polyphenols and norterpenoids from Saharan myrtle tea (Myrtus nivellei): Isolation, structure determination, quantitative determination and antioxidant activity.

The phytochemical profile of decoction and infusion, obtained from the dried leaves of M. nivellei, consumed as tea in Saharan region, was characterized by UHPLC-PDA-HRMS. Fourteen compounds were characterized and, to confirm the proposed structures a preparative procedure followed by NMR spectroscopy was applied.

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Shells Extract: Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Effect and Cytotoxic Activity on Human Cancer Cell Lines.

Hazelnut shells, a by-product of the kernel industry processing, are reported to contain high amount of polyphenols. However, studies on the chemical composition and potential effects on human health are lacking. A methanol hazelnut shells extract was prepared and dried.

Nanospray Drying as a Novel Tool to Improve Technological Properties of Soy Isoflavone Extracts.

Pharmacological evidences have correlated a low incidence of osteoporosis, breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and colon cancer in Asian populations, high consumers of soya, to the properties of soy isoflavones, more specifically to daidzein and genistein. However, in spite of the potent biological activity, their poor water solubility has a strong negative effect on bioavailability. In this study, an innovative technique, nano spray drying, was used to obtain nanoparticles loaded with a soybean dry extract while carboxymethyl cellulose was used as the excipient.

HRMS Profile of a Hazelnut Skin Proanthocyanidin-rich Fraction with Antioxidant and Anti-Candida albicans Activities.

Roasted hazelnut skins (RHS) represent a byproduct of kernel industrial processing. In this research, a RHS extract (RHS-M) and its fraction RHS-M-F3 enriched in proanthocyanidins (PAs), with antioxidant activity, were characterized in terms of total phenolic compound and PA contents. RHS-M and RHS-M-F3 showed antifungal properties against Candida albicans SC5314 (MIC2 = 3.

Annurca peel extract: from the chemical composition, through the functional activity, to the formulation and characterisation of a topical oil-in-water emulsion.

The aim of this study was to produce a hydro-alcoholic safe antioxidant Malus pumila Miller cv Annurca peel extract (APE) useful as functional ingredient in an oil-in-water emulsion. Results showed that APE contains a hydroxycinnamic acid (chlorogenic acid), flavonol glycosides (quercetin derivatives) and a dihydrochalcone, phloridzin (phloretin-2-O-glucoside). The isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside) content was quantified in 0.

Phenolic compounds from Limonium pruinosum.

A new phenolic compound, 6'-O-sulfonyl-salidroside (1), together with fifteen known compounds, were isolated from the all parts of Limonium pruinosum. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments including 1D TOCSY, DQF-COSY, HSQC and HMBC spectroscopy, as well as ESIMS analysis. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and all isolated compounds was evaluated by DPPH test.