Dietary questions in caries risk assessment and their relationship to caries.

Objective: This retrospective chart review evaluated the relationship between specific dietary questions used in caries risk assessment and planned restorative treatment among patients attending a dental school's clinic.

Methods: Records for 6,218 adult patients attending the University of Iowa College of Dentistry who completed caries risk assessments and comprehensive oral examinations during 2018-2019 were included. The number of planned caries restorative treatments were compared between groups based on responses to specific dietary questions on the caries risk assessment.

Oral health and multimorbidity: is diet the chicken or the egg?

Oral health is a critical component of overall health and well-being, not just the absence of disease. The objective of this review paper is to describe relationships among diet, nutrition and oral and systemic diseases that contribute to multimorbidity. Diet- and nutrient-related risk factors for oral diseases include high intakes of free sugars, low intakes of fruits and vegetables and nutrient-poor diets which are similar to diet- and nutrient-related risk factors for systemic diseases.

A Social Media Intervention for Promoting Oral Health Behaviors in Adolescents: A Non-Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial.

Poor oral hygiene and excessive consumption of soda are among the main drivers of systemic health issues in adolescents in the United States. This non-randomized pilot clinical trial focused on the effects of a health text message system and smartphone-based intervention on adolescent tooth-brushing behavior and dietary choices, with a convenience sample of 94 participants aged 12 to 14 years old. A group of 75 participants agreed to use a tooth-brushing app and received a health text message; the other group of 15 agreed to use the tooth-brushing app, but did not receive a health text message.

Food insecurity is associated with lower diet quality among dental students.

Purpose: Food insecurity is associated with lower diet quality, adverse health outcomes, and academic difficulty among undergraduate students. The objective was to identify the relationship between food security status and diet quality in dental students.

Methods: All dental students attending Howard University (n = 286) or the University of Iowa (n = 326) during the fall 2021 semester were invited to complete a cross-sectional survey designed to query demographics, food security status (i.

Food insecurity and consumption of cariogenic foods in mothers and their two-year-old children in Appalachia.

Objectives: To describe the association between household food insecurity and intake of cariogenic foods that increase risk of dental caries.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 842 mothers in Appalachia and their children participating in the Center for Oral Health Research Cohort 2 between 2011 and 2017 when their children were ~ 24 months of age. Mothers completed a telephone interview regarding cariogenic food consumption and food insecurity.

Early Childhood Diet in Relation to Toddler Nighttime Sleep Duration Trajectories.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether dietary habits at age 2 associate with sleep duration trajectories through age 5 in children from north and central Appalachia. A total of 559 children from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA) cohort 2 were followed via caregiver phone interviews up to six times between ages 2 and 5. Exposures included data from the year 2 interview: sleep habits, household and demographic characteristics, meal patterns and consumption frequencies of fruits, vegetables, water, juice, milk, and soda.

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Caries Prevalence in Underserved Black Adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and dental caries prevalence among underserved Black adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study of 545 Black adolescents, ages 12 to 17 years, who participated in the Howard Meharry Adolescent Caries Study (HMACS). The outcome was dental caries prevalence, measured using the decayed, missing, and filled permanent tooth surfaces (DMFS) index.

Food Insecurity, Meal Behaviors, Beverage Intake, and Body Mass Index in Underserved Adolescents.

Objective: Associations between food insecurity, meal patterns, beverage intake, and body mass index (BMI) were investigated using data from the Howard Meharry Adolescent Caries Study.

Methods: Secondary analyses of food security status used the Wilcoxon rank sum, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests.

Results: The group of adolescents (n=627) was 42.

Weak Evidence Suggests Vegetarian Diets May Be Associated With an Increased Risk of Dental Erosion.

Article Title And Bibliographic Information: Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. Smits KPJ, Listl S, Jevdjevic M.

Associations between body mass index and body composition measures in a birth cohort.

Background: Associations among body composition measures have been limited to cross-sectional analyses of different subjects. We identified cross-sectional relationships between body mass index (BMI) and other body composition measures and predicted body composition measures from BMI throughout childhood and adolescence.

Methods: BMI was calculated and % body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at ages 5, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 years in a birth cohort (n = 629).

Is food insecurity a barrier to dental student success?

Purpose: The prevalence of food insecurity among undergraduate students is higher than the national average and associated with adverse academic outcomes. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of food insecurity, food access behaviors, and associations between food security status and well-being in a dental student population.

Methods: All dental students (N = 328) enrolled in the College of Dentistry at the University of Iowa in the fall 2019 semester were invited to participate.

Beverage Intakes and Toothbrushing During Childhood Are Associated With Caries at Age 17 Years.

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been associated with childhood caries; however, associations among lifelong beverage intakes and adolescent caries have received less attention.

Objective: To investigate associations between beverage intakes during childhood and adolescence and caries experience at 17 years of age, while adjusting for fluoride intakes and toothbrushing.

Design: Descriptive model analyses were conducted on data collected from a longitudinal birth cohort study.

Identification of and Associations among Low, Middle, and High Body Composition Trajectories from Age 5- to 17-Years.

Our objective was to identify sex-specific age 5- to 17-year body composition (body mass index (BMI), % body fat, fat mass index, fat-free mass index) trajectories, compare trajectories assigned using age 5 (AGE5) data to those assigned using all available (ALL) data, and compare BMI assignments to other body composition assignments. Cluster analysis was used to identify low, medium, and high trajectories from body composition measures obtained from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at 5, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 years in a birth cohort followed longitudinally ( = 469). Moderate agreement was observed for comparisons between AGE5 data and ALL data cluster assignments for each body composition measure.

An Approach to Engaging Schools In Oral Health Initiatives: The Howard Meharry Adolescent Caries Study (HMACS).

Use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles can help identify strategies for development and implementation of studies that can address oral health disparities disfavoring African American youth. This paper summarizes approaches of the Howard Meharry Adolescent Caries Study (HMACS) to provide sustained oral health services beyond the life of a research study.

Dietary patterns associated with dental caries in adults in the United States.

Objectives: Dental caries experience, which affects 91% of US adults, is a consequence of a carious process influenced by diet. Although individual foods have been implicated, we hypothesized that dietary patterns might be important predictors of caries presence.

Methods: We analysed data from 4467 people ≥18 years old participating in the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative sample of the US population.

Dietary Implications for Dental Caries: A Practical Approach on Dietary Counseling.

Acid produced during bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates dissolves tooth structure, leading to dental caries. Carbohydrates are a nutrient within foods, individual foods contain multitudinous differing nutrients in varying concentrations, and, ultimately, food choices and eating behaviors are associated with the caries process. Consideration of food choices and eating behaviors is necessary for effective caries prevention.

Child and Adolescent Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intakes Are Longitudinally Associated with Higher Body Mass Index z Scores in a Birth Cohort Followed 17 Years.

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are considered a risk factor for obesity.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate associations between the predictors of beverage and energy intakes and mean adequacy ratios (MARs), and the outcome of body mass index (BMI) z scores, in a birth cohort using longitudinal models.

Design: This was a longitudinal analysis of secondary data.

Dental Educators' Perceptions of Educational Learning Domains.

The aim of this study was to seek the views of a national sample of dental educators regarding the importance of learning domains in dental education, their defined outcomes of those domains, and their perceived effectiveness of their schools in guiding learning in those domains. The study defined the educational domains important for training future dentists as knowledge, technical skills, critical thinking, ethics, social responsibility, and interprofessional education/practice (IPE/IPP). A survey of members of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Special Interest Group on the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning was conducted in 2017.

Associations of fluoride intake with children's cortical bone mineral and strength measures at age 11.

Objectives: There is strong affinity between fluoride and calcium, and mineralized tissues. Investigations of fluoride and bone health during childhood and adolescence show inconsistent results. This analysis assessed associations between period-specific and cumulative fluoride intakes from birth to age 11, and age 11 cortical bone measures obtained using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the radius and tibia (n = 424).

Description of Child and Adolescent Beverage and Anthropometric Measures According to Adolescent Beverage Patterns.

Our objective is to retrospectively describe longitudinal beverage intakes and anthropometric measures according to adolescent beverage patterns. Data were collected from Iowa Fluoride Study participants ( = 369) using beverage questionnaires at ages 2⁻17 years. Weight and height were measured at ages 5, 9, 13 and 17 years.

Childhood body mass index is associated with early dental development and eruption in a longitudinal sample from the Iowa Facial Growth Study.

Introduction: Children with high body mass index (BMI) values have been demonstrated to have precocious dental development. Research has largely focused on cross-sectional data sets, leaving an incomplete understanding of the longitudinal relationship between BMI and dental maturation.

Methods: We used a pure longitudinal growth series to examine the relationship between dental development and childhood BMI.

Higher Longitudinal Milk Intakes Are Associated with Increased Height in a Birth Cohort Followed for 17 Years.

Background: Height is an indicator of nutritional status; linear growth faltering has recognized consequences for cognitive, emotional, and chronic disease risk. Although height is routinely studied in developing countries, less attention is given to height in the United States.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify longitudinal associations between childhood and adolescent beverage intakes, nutrient adequacy, or energy intake and height in a birth cohort.

Longitudinal associations between dental caries increment and risk factors in late childhood and adolescence.

Objectives: To assess longitudinal associations between permanent tooth caries increment and both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, using best subsets model selection.

Methods: The Iowa Fluoride Study has followed a birth cohort with standardized caries exams without radiographs of the permanent dentition conducted at about ages 9, 13, and 17 years. Questionnaires were sent semi-annually to assess fluoride exposures and intakes, select food and beverage intakes, and tooth brushing frequency.

Dietary assessment and counseling for dental erosion.

Background And Overview: Dental erosion occurs after exposure to intrinsic or extrinsic acids. Exposure to intrinsic gastrointestinal acids is associated with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, rumination syndrome, or gastroesophageal reflux. Extrinsic dietary acids from foods or beverages also can cause erosion, particularly when exposure is prolonged by holding or swishing behaviors.