Nephrological and urological symptoms in patients with Robinow syndrome - a report of two cases.

Unlabelled: Robinow syndrome is a rare congenital syndrome described in 1969 by Meinhard Robinow. The genetic background is heterogeneous - mutations of DVLI1, DVLI3, WNT5A genes (mild, autosomal dominant inheritance) or ROR2 gene (severe, autosomal recessive inheritance) are responsible for the syndrome. The syndrome is characterized by facial dysmorphism, skeletal defects, short stature, cardiovascular and urinary system abnormalities.

[Congenital megacalycosis in a girl with unilateral renal agenesis].

Unlabelled: Renal agenesis occurs in pediatric population with the incidence 1:500- 2000 children. It is more often diagnosed in boys and on the left side of the body. Renal agenesis may be isolated or it may be a part of complex malformation syndrome.

[Dodatkowa tętnica nerkowa przyczyną skrajnego wodonercza u 5-letniego chłopca].

Unlabelled: Hydronephrosis in children is most often due to an intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction or by compression on ureter by accessory renal artery coming from the aorta to the lower pole of the kidney.

Aim: The aim of study was to present a case with a late onset of hydronephrosis caused by accessory renal artery.

Case Report: 5-year old boy with a mild pyelectasia during first 10 months of age was admitted to hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting.

Pyonephrosis as the first symptom of congenital hydronephrosis in a 6-year old girl.

Unlabelled: Pyonephrosis in the course of hydronephrosis usually provides to total or near-total loss of renal function. In adults pyonephrosis usually results from urolithiasis. In children usually congenital urinary tract anomalies are present as contributing factors.

Testicular necrosis secondary to incarcerated inguinal hernia in male infants. Own observations.

One of the possible consequences of incarcerated inguinal hernia in boys is testicular ischemia because of the prolonged compression of spermatic cord structures by the sac contents, resulting in ipsilateral testicular atrophy. This complication is well described in the literature and occurs in 5-34% of patients. The incidence of testicular atrophy secondary to incarcerated hernia is estimated to be 2-3%.

Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children using polyacrylate-polyalcohol copolymer (Vantris): 5-years of prospective follow-up.

Introduction: The endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children is a currently well accepted therapy in many pediatric urology centers. Polyacrylate-polyalcohol copolymer (PPC), namely Vantris, is one of the tissue-augmenting substances used for endoscopic reflux therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results with PPC in children.

Ultrasonography of Extravaginal Testicular Torsion in Neonates.

Background: Extravaginal testicular torsion (ETT), also called prenatal or perinatal, occurs prenatally and is present at birth or appears within the first month of life. It has different etiology than intravaginal torsion, which appears later in life. Testicular torsion must be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of acute scrotum and should be confirmed or ruled out at first diagnostic step.

Comparison of results of endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children using two bulking substances: Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux) versus polyacrylate-polyalcohol copolymer (Vantris).

Background: Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children offers minimally invasive management and is widely used as a first-line procedure for all grades of reflux. However, there is debate about which tissue-augmenting substance is the best to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two bulking substances, Deflux (Dx/HA) and Vantris (PPC), for endoscopic treatment of VUR in children.

Extreme hydronephrosis due to uretropelvic junction obstruction in infant (case report).

Background: Hydronephrosis is the one of the most common congenital abnormalities of urinary tract. The left kidney is more commonly affected than the right side and is more common in males.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the role of ultrasonography, renal dynamic scintigraphy and lowerdose computed tomography urography in preoperative diagnostic workup of infant with extreme hydronephrosis.

Adrenal abscess in a 3-week-old neonate - a case report.

The authors present a case of a 6-year-old boy operated on in the 4th week of life because of adrenal abscess. The diagnosis of an adrenal abscess in the neonatal period is challenging due to its rare occurrence and non-specific signs. Adrenal abscesses can develop via two mechanisms: as a result of a hematogenic infection and a spread of bacteria to "normal" adrenal glands or, which is much more common, a complication of an adrenal hematoma.

Calyceal diverticulum of the kidney - diagnostic imaging dilemma in pediatric patients - case report.

Background: Calyceal diverticula are rarely diagnosed in children. They can mimic other renal cystic lesions and correct diagnosis can be difficult to establish. Connection between fluid collection and collecting system confirmed by imaging studies is the key diagnostic finding.

Ectopic ureter, renal dysplasia, and recurrent epididymitis in an infant: case report and review of the literature.

The most common etiologies of acute scrotum in boys <1 year of age are torsion of the testis or an appendix, urogenital anomalies, and epididymitis. We report an infant with recurrent epididymitis associated with single-system ectopic ureter opening into the seminal vesicle and dysplastic right kidney. Treatment included nephroureterectomy.

Lower-dose CT urography (CTU) with iterative reconstruction technique in children - initial experience and examination protocol.

Background: Conventional X-ray urography is one of the basic imaging techniques in urinary tract diseases in children. CT urography (CTU) employing standard Filtered Back Projection (FBP) reconstruction algorithms is connected with higher radiation dose. Advanced iterative reconstruction techniques enable lowering the radiation dose to the level comparable with conventional X-ray urography with better visualization of the urinary tract.

Usefulness of lower-dose computed tomography urography with iterative reconstruction technique in diagnosis of congenital anomalies in urinary tract in children.

Introduction of iterative reconstruction technique in modern computed tomography allowed to reduce the radiation dose and to extend indications for computed tomography urography in children. We describe the case of boy with congenital anomalies in urinary tract including bilateral double collecting system, dilatation of double collecting system in the right kidney and dilatation of lower pelvis in left kidney and bilateral dilatation of ureters. Anomalies were detected in prenatal and then confirmed in postnatal ultrasonography.