Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation after extubation: features and outcomes in clinical practice.

Objective: To describe post-extubation noninvasive positive pressure ventilation use in intensive care unit clinical practice and to identify factors associated with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients aged ≥ 18 years consecutively admitted to the intensive care unit who required noninvasive positive pressure ventilation within 48 hours of extubation. The primary outcome was noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure.

Na+K+-ATPase activity and K+ channels differently contribute to vascular relaxation in male and female rats.

Gender associated differences in vascular reactivity regulation might contribute to the low incidence of cardiovascular disease in women. Cardiovascular protection is suggested to depend on female sex hormones' effects on endothelial function and vascular tone regulation. We tested the hypothesis that potassium (K+) channels and Na+K+-ATPase may be involved in the gender-based vascular reactivity differences.

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in clinical practice at a large university-affiliated Brazilian hospital.

Objectives: To describe noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation use in intensive care unit clinical practice, factors associated with NPPV failure and the associated prognosis.

Methods: A prospective cohort study.

Results: Medical disorders (59%) and elective surgery (21%) were the main causes for admission to the intensive care unit.