The anti-tumoral effects of the oxygen carrier YQ23 in a triple-negative breast cancer syngeneic model.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive breast cancer subtype, is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. In the search for effective therapeutic options, preclinical studies have suggested using systemic oxygenation to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in various cancer models, including TNBC, by weakening the hypoxia-A2A adenosine receptors (A2AR)-driven immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In our present study, a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) "YQ23" was tested for its role in modulating the TME and tumor inhibition.