Critical consciousness and intent to persist through college in DACA and U.S. citizen students: The role of immigration status, race, and ethnicity.

Objectives: We used the model of critical consciousness (CC; Freire, 1973) to examine college persistence in a sample of Hispanic Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) college students in contrast to Hispanic and non-Hispanic White U.S. citizens.

The reciprocal dynamic model of career decision ambiguity tolerance with career indecision: A longitudinal three-wave investigation.

The current study investigated the dynamic interplay of career decision ambiguity tolerance and career indecision over 3 assessment times in a sample of college students (n = 583). While the previous research has repeatedly shown an association of career decision ambiguity tolerance with career indecision, the direction of this association has not been adequately assessed with longitudinal investigation. It was hypothesized in this study that there is a reciprocal pattern of career decision ambiguity tolerance leading to subsequent career indecision and career indecision leading to subsequent career decision ambiguity tolerance.

Development of an abbreviated Career Indecision Profile-65 using item response theory: The CIP-Short.

The current study developed an abbreviated version of the Career Indecision Profile-65 (CIP-65; Hacker, Carr, Abrams, & Brown, 2013) by using item response theory. In order to improve the efficiency of the CIP-65 in measuring career indecision, the individual item performance of the CIP-65 was examined with respect to the ordering of response occurrence and gender differential item functioning. The best 5 items of each scale of the CIP-65 (i.

Cultural congruence with psychotherapy efficacy: A network meta-analytic examination in China.

We used network meta-analysis to examine the relative efficacy of 3 treatment modalities in China (i.e., cognitive-psychoeducational therapy, humanistic-experiential therapy, and indigenous therapy) on the basis of a comprehensive review of randomized control trials (n = 235).

A note on socially desirable responding.

Socially desirable responding is a construct that has been included in many studies in counseling psychology, however many of these applications are dated and out of agreement with more current research. This article includes a brief review of the extensive research in socially desirable responding. The questions addressed are (a) what is socially desirable responding and (b) how is it manifest in social desirability scales with respect to bias and substantive variance? Prominent examples of how social desirability is used in counseling research are included along with comments regarding how these applications can be improved.

Reciprocal influence model of working alliance and therapeutic outcome over individual therapy course.

A reciprocal influence model of the working alliance and the therapeutic outcome was examined in a sample of clients (n = 638) seen by novice therapists. Past researchers have found a relation between the working alliance and symptom improvement and this relation has been interpreted as the alliance leading to such symptom change. The current study was an examination of whether the alliance does indeed lead to symptom change, or whether symptom change leads to subsequent alliance change, or whether each is related to the other in a reciprocal way over time.

Testing a Conceptual Model of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in the First Year.

Postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) are likely to have a multifactorial etiology. The relationships among identified PPDS risk factors, however, remain inconclusive. A vulnerability-stress conceptualization of PPDS was tested with a sample of 144 U.

Expertise in psychotherapy: an elusive goal?

It has been argued that psychotherapy is a profession without any expertise (Shanteau, 1992). We examine the validity of this claim, reviewing the literature on expertise, clinical decision making, and psychotherapeutic outcome assessment, and find it a reasonable assessment. There is no demonstration of accuracy and skill that is associated with experience as a therapist.

A brief Dutch language Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C Short) using non-parametric item response theory.

Objective: Non-Parametric IRT methods were applied to 127 clinicians' ratings of their patients using the Dutch Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C) to develop the IMI-C Short.

Method: Four items from each octant subscale of the IMI-C were selected to maximally differentiate individuals along the continuum of impact messages.

Results: Using larger samples (patients: N = 700, 812; raters: N = 42, 85, respectively), IRT-based reliability was generally comparable between the brief and parent subscales.

Internalization of U.S. female beauty standards as a mediator of the relationship between Mexican American women's acculturation and body dissatisfaction.

The relationships among acculturation, internalization of U.S. sociocultural standards of female beauty, and body dissatisfaction were examined in a sample of 211 Mexican American college women.

Coping with dating violence as a function of violence frequency and solution attribution: a structural modeling approach.

This study presents a structural model of coping with dating violence. The model integrates abuse frequency and solution attribution to relate to college women's choices of coping strategies. Three hundred and twenty-four undergraduate women reported being targets of some physical abuse from a boyfriend and responded to questions regarding the abuse, their solution attribution, and their coping behaviors.

Are there parallel processes in psychotherapy supervision? An empirical examination.

Parallel processes in supervision occur when (1) the therapist brings the interaction pattern that occurs between the therapist and client into supervision and enacts the same pattern but with the therapist trainee in the client's role, or (2) the trainee takes the interaction pattern in supervision back into the therapy session as the therapist, now enacting the supervisor's role. We examined these processes in the interactions of 17 therapy/supervision triads (i.e.

Machismo and Mexican American men: an empirical understanding using a gay sample.

Machismo continues to be a defining aspect of Mexican American men that informs a wide array of psychological and behavioral dimensions. Although strides have been made in this area of research, understanding of the role of this construct in the lives of gay men remains incomplete. Our purpose in this study was to gain a deeper understanding of machismo using a sample of Mexican American gay men.

A brief inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Circumplex using nonparametric item response theory: introducing the IIP-C-IRT.

Nonparametric item response theory methods were applied to the responses of 1,000 college students on the 64 items of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Circumplex (IIP-C; Alden, Wiggins, & Pincus, 1990) to develop an abbreviated 32-item version of the instrument. In a separate validation sample of 981 students, the newly selected scale items did not show evidence of differential item functioning across males and females. There was high convergence found between the new scales and IIP-C parent scales, along with commensurate or improved fits to the circular structural model relative to the full scale and its existing brief derivatives-the IIP-32 and the IIP-SC.

Countertransference as a prototype: The development of a measure.

Countertransference is a concept that is widely acknowledged, but there exists little definitional consensus, making research in the area difficult. The authors adopted a prototype theory (E. H.

Interpersonal contribution to outcome: The relation of interpersonal distress and symptomatic improvement as a result of psychotherapy.

The study utilized a 32-item brief measure of interpersonal problems (IIP) to examine interpersonal distress in relation to symptomology and treatment outcome as assessed by the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45). The study included a community sample of 210 individuals receiving psychotherapy at a mental health training facility. A number of significant correlations were found between interpersonal distresses with symptomology.

The bilevel structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45.

The structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (Lambert et al., 2001) was examined in a sample of 1,100 university counseling center clients using confirmatory factor analysis. Specifically, the relative fit of 1-factor, 3-factor orthogonal, 3-factor oblique, 4-factor hierarchical, and 4-factor bilevel models were examined.

An examination of the "interpersonalness" of the outcome questionnaire.

This study examined whether the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ) and its subscales assessed unique interpersonal distress. The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP) was used to assess discriminant validity for unique interpersonal distress. Participants (N = 121) were recruited from a southwestern university counselor training center.

Variations in the understanding of interpersonal behavior: adherence to the interpersonal circle as a moderator of the rigidity-psychological well-being relation.

The idiothetic structure of interpersonal trait perceptions was examined as it moderated the interpersonal rigidity-psychological well-being relation. The focus was on the extent to which individuals' perceptions of the similarity of interpersonal behavior fits (i.e.

General and multicultural case conceptualization skills: A cross-sectional analysis of psychotherapy trainees.

The general and multicultural case conceptualization skills of 91 psychotherapy trainees were evaluated for complexity and expertness across 3 case scenarios. The cases varied in the extent to which culture was presented in the demographic information and presenting concerns. Whereas general case conceptualization skills were found to relate to clinical training, multicultural case conceptualization skills were found to relate to multicultural training.

Interpersonal traits in childhood: development of the child and adolescent interpersonal survey.

The Child and Adolescent Interpersonal Survey (CAIS) consists of interpersonal trait descriptions that were generated to represent the constructs of the Interpersonal Circumplex model utilizing language accessible to children in a brief self-report format. Scale development entailed examining the structure at the item and scale levels with a sample of children (fourth and sixth graders) and at the scale level with college students. Internal consistency estimates for the majority of the CAIS scales were adequate given the brevity of the scales.

The interpersonal circumplex as a model of interpersonal capabilities.

In this study, we sought to challenge the existing conceptualization of interpersonal capabilities as a distinct construct from interpersonal traits by explicitly taking into account the general factor inherent within most models of circumplexes. A sample of 206 college students completed a battery of measures including the Battery of Interpersonal Capabilities (BIC; Paulhus & Martin, 1987). Principal components analysis and the randomization test of hypothesized order relations demonstrated that contrary to previous findings, the BIC adhered to a circular ordering.

Levels of interpersonal complementarity: a simplex representation.

The relations among different measures of interpersonal behavior and complementarity across level were examined in one session of a sample of therapy dyads (N = 26) and in an interaction between college students (N = 108). Four levels of complementarity, trait, aggregate situation, behavioral interchanges, and behavioral interchanges with base rates removed were examined as they covaried among themselves and with interaction evaluations. The four levels of complementarity were found to be fit by a simplex structure, and this structure was related to interaction evaluation in both samples.

Three versions of the Interpersonal Adjective Scales and their fit to the circumplex model.

The Interpersonal Adjective Scales (IAS) is a well-supported instrument that is designed to map interpersonal traits onto the interpersonal circumplex. However, three versions of the IAS exist and these vary with respect to the degree to which they included item definitions (i.e.

Concept mapping of therapeutic common factors.

The cognitive structure used by 16 American Board of Professional Psychology-certified psychologists and 5 experienced psychotherapy researchers to delineate common factors of psychotherapy was examined using multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. The results indicate that 2 dimensions-hot (feeling) versus cool (thinking) processing and therapeutic activity-and 3 clusters-bond, information, and role-are used in conceptualizing common factors. Results are discussed with respect to research and conceptualization of common factors.