Verification of dose distribution in high dose-rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer using a normoxic N-vinylpyrrolidone polymer gel dosimeter.

The polymer gel dosimeter has been proposed for use as a 3D dosimeter for complex dose distribution measurement of high dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. However, various shapes of catheter/applicator for sealed radioactive source transport used in clinical cases must be placed in the gel sample. The absorbed dose readout for the magnetic resonance (MR)-based polymer gel dosimeters requires calibration data for the dose-transverse relaxation rate (R2) response.

Verification of dose distribution in high-dose-rate brachytherapy using a nanoclay-based radio-fluorogenic gel dosimeter.

Dose distributions have become more complex with the introduction of image-guided brachytherapy in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatments. Therefore, to correctly execute HDR, conducting a quality assurance programme for the remote after-loading system and verifying the dose distribution in the patient treatment plan are necessary. The characteristics of the dose distribution of HDR brachytherapy are that the dose is high near the source and rapidly drops when the distance from the source increases.

End-to-end delivery quality assurance of computed tomography-based high-dose-rate brachytherapy using a gel dosimeter.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a novel quality assurance (QA) program to check the entire treatment chain of image-guided brachytherapy with dose distribution evaluation in a single setup and irradiation using a gel dosimeter.

Methods And Materials: A polymer gel was used, and the readout was performed by magnetic resonance scanning. A CT-based treatment plan was generated using the Oncentra planning system (Elekta, Sweden), and irradiation was performed three times using an afterloading device with an Ir-192 source.

Dose distribution verification in high-dose-rate brachytherapy using a highly sensitive normoxic N-vinylpyrrolidone polymer gel dosimeter.

Rapid technological advances in high-dose-rate brachytherapy have led to a requirement for greater accuracy in treatment planning system calculations and in the verification of dose distributions. In high-dose-rate brachytherapy, it is important to measure the dose distribution in the low-dose region at a position away from the source in addition to the high-dose range in the proximity of the source. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of a treatment plan designed for prostate cancer in the low-dose range using a normoxic N-vinylpyrrolidone-based polymer gel (VIPET gel) dosimeter containing inorganic salt as a sensitizer (iVIPET).

Automated source tracking with a pinhole imaging system during high-dose-rate brachytherapy treatment.

The transportation accuracy of sealed radioisotope sources influences the therapeutic effect of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. We have developed a pinhole imaging system for tracking an Ir-192 radiation source during HDR brachytherapy treatment. Our system consists of a dual-pinhole collimator, a scintillator, and a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera.

[Polymer Gel Dosimetry for the High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Using Ir-192 Source].

High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is performed with the remote after-loading system (RALS) to transport an Ir-192 source directly to inside or near the tumor. Quality assurance (QA) of equipment should be performed at sufficient frequency to ensuring safety and quality of HDR brachytherapy treatment. Polymer gel dosimeters have been attracting attention in recent years as a QA tools of HDR brachytherapy, because they can measure the three-dimensional steep dose gradients around HDR sources.

Risk factors for radiotherapy incidents: a single institutional experience.

We aimed to analyze risk factors for incidents occurring during the practice of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) at a single Japanese center. Treatment data for EBRT from June 2014 to March 2017 were collected. Data from incident reports submitted during this period were reviewed.

Catheter displacement prior to the delivery of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to report measured catheter displacement prior to the delivery of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR) in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Material And Methods: Data from 30 prostate cancer patients treated with HDR brachytherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Eighteen transperineal hollow catheters were inserted under transrectal ultrasound guidance.

Pathology of cutaneous fowlpox with amyloidosis in layer hens inoculated with fowlpox vaccine.

Cutaneous fowlpox occurring in vaccinated layer hens was investigated pathologically and microbiologically. Anorexia, decrease of egg production, increased mortality, yellow scabs on faces, and alopecia of feathered skins with yellow scabs were observed in affected hens. Histologically, proliferative and necrotic dermatitis with eosinophilic ring-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies) and clumps of gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus hyicus) were noted in the affected birds.