Delays in latencies of median-nerve evoked magnetic fields in patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency.

Objective: Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) is a genetic disorder resulting in abnormal regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid, lipid metabolism, and myelin biogenesis, leading to ataxia, seizures, and cognitive impairment. Since the myelin sheath is thinner in a murine model of SSADHD compared to a wild type, we hypothesized that this also holds for human brain. We tested whether the conduction velocity in the somatosensory pathway is accordingly delayed.

Effects of spatially filtered fearful faces and awareness on amygdala activity in adults with autism spectrum disorder: A magnetoencephalography study.

Background: The amygdala is pivotal in emotional face processing. Spatial frequencies (SFs) of visual images are divided and processed via two visual pathways: low spatial frequency (LSF) information is conveyed by the magnocellular pathway, while the parvocellular pathway carries high spatial frequency information. We hypothesized that altered amygdala activity might underlie atypical social communication caused by changes in both conscious and non-conscious emotional face processing in the brain in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Weighted Blind Source Separation Can Decompose the Frequency Mismatch Response by Deviant Concatenation: An MEG Study.

The mismatch response (MMR) is thought to be a neurophysiological measure of novel auditory detection that could serve as a translational biomarker of various neurological diseases. When recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), the MMR is traditionally extracted by subtracting the event-related potential/field (ERP/ERF) elicited in response to "deviant" sounds that occur randomly within a train of repetitive "standard" sounds. However, there are several problems with such a subtraction, which include increased noise and the neural adaptation problem.

Barriers to telemedicine among physicians in epilepsy care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national-level cross-sectional survey in Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the unwillingness of physicians involved in epilepsy care to continue telemedicine during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan.

Method: This was a national-level cross-sectional survey initiated by Japan Young Epilepsy Section (YES-Japan) which is a national chapter of The Young Epilepsy Section of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE-YES). We asked physicians who conducted telemedicine in patients with epilepsy (PWE) during the COVID-19 pandemic at four clinics and 21 hospitals specializing in epilepsy care in Japan from March 1 to April 30, 2021.

A novel time-delayed correlation method decomposes mismatch response without using subtraction.

The mismatch response (MMR) is thought to be a neurophysiological measure of novel auditory detection that could serve as a translational biomarker of various neurological diseases. When recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), the MMR is traditionally extracted by subtracting the event-related potential/field (ERP/ERF) elicited in response to "deviant" sounds that occur randomly within a train of repetitive "standard" sounds. To overcome the limitations of this subtraction procedure, we propose a novel method which we call weighted-BSS, which uses only the deviant response to derive the MMR.

Risk factors for psychological distress in electroencephalography technicians during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national-level cross-sectional survey in Japan.

Objective: To identify the risk factors for psychological distress in electroencephalography (EEG) technicians during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Method: In this national-level cross-sectional survey initiated by Japan Young Epilepsy Section (YES-Japan), which is a national chapter of The Young Epilepsy Section of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE-YES), a questionnaire was administered to 173 technicians engaged in EEG at four clinics specializing in epilepsy care and 20 hospitals accredited as (quasi-) epilepsy centers or epilepsy training facilities in Japan from March 1 to April 30, 2021. We collected data on participants' profiles, information about work, and psychological distress outcome measurements, such as the K-6 and Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic (TMDP).

Bilateral Representation of Sensorimotor Responses in Benign Adult Familial Myoclonus Epilepsy: An MEG Study.

Patients with cortical reflex myoclonus manifest typical neurophysiologic characteristics due to primary sensorimotor cortex (S1/M1) hyperexcitability, namely, contralateral giant somatosensory-evoked potentials/fields and a C-reflex (CR) in the stimulated arm. Some patients show a CR in both arms in response to unilateral stimulation, with about 10-ms delay in the non-stimulated compared with the stimulated arm. This bilateral C-reflex (BCR) may reflect strong involvement of bilateral S1/M1.

Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture during Pregnancy Resulting in Subdural Hematoma without Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is typically present in cerebral aneurysm rupture, whereas acute subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage is rare. We herein report a case of cerebral aneurysm rupture during pregnancy resulting in acute subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage. A 37-year-old gravida 4 para 3 pregnant woman was admitted for threatened preterm labor at 29 weeks of gestation.

A novel method for extracting interictal epileptiform discharges in multi-channel MEG: Use of fractional type of blind source separation.

Objective: Visual inspection of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in multi-channel MEG requires a time-consuming evaluation process and often leads to inconsistent results due to variability of IED waveforms. Here, we propose a novel extraction method for IEDs using a T/k type of blind source separation (BSS).

Methods: We applied BSS with seven patients with focal epilepsy to test the accuracy of identification of IEDs.

Convolutional neural network approach to lung cancer classification integrating protein interaction network and gene expression profiles.

Deep learning technologies are permeating every field from image and speech recognition to computational and systems biology. However, the application of convolutional neural networks (CCNs) to "omics" data poses some difficulties, such as the processing of complex networks structures as well as its integration with transcriptome data. Here, we propose a CNN approach that combines spectral clustering information processing to classify lung cancer.

Fetal seizure: A video recording and possible etiology.

Fetal seizure is rarely observed. Investigation of both video-recording of seizures and cardiotocography is crucial for a precise diagnosis. Here, we report a case of fetal seizure, and also show a video-ultrasound recording.

Altered neural synchronization to pure tone stimulation in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: An MEG study.

Objective: Our previous study of monaural auditory evoked magnetic fields (AEFs) demonstrated that hippocampal sclerosis significantly modulated auditory processing in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). However, the small sample size (n = 17) and focus on the M100 response were insufficient to elucidate the lateralization of the epileptic focus. Therefore, we increased the number of patients with mTLE (n = 39) to examine whether neural synchronization induced by monaural pure tone stimulation provides useful diagnostic information about epileptic foci in patients with unilateral mTLE.

Color vision abnormality as the sole manifestation of posterior reversible encephalopathy due to post-partum HELLP syndrome.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with several symptoms; of those, visual acuity loss, light oversensitivity (photophobia), and light flashes (photopsia) are known as PRES-related eye symptoms. We report a post-partum woman with PRES associated with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome (HELLP), in whom color vision abnormality (achromatopsia) was the sole manifestation. Cesarean section was performed at 28 weeks due to headache, epigastralgia, and severe hypertension.

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor originating in the hypothalamus.

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle are slow-growing tumors that primarily involve the fourth ventricular region. We here report the first patient, an 8-year-old girl, with an RGNT originating in the hypothalamus and manifesting with precocious puberty. After partial removal, the remaining tumor showed rapid enlargement, and the pathologic diagnosis at the second surgery revealed histopathologic features similar to those found in the initial samples, including biphasic patterns of neurocytic rosettes and GFAP-stained astrocytic components.

A case of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: Accurate detection of the leak point by magnetic resonance cisternography.

Background: Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a rare entity. The accurate preoperative localization of the leak point is essential for planning surgical treatment, but is sometimes difficult. To localize the leak point, magnetic resonance cisternography (MRC) is the method of choice, but its effectiveness remains unclear.