Microbiome modulation in the prevention and management of colorectal cancer: a systematic review of clinical interventions.

Introduction: The role of probiotics/prebiotics in modulating the procarcinogenic effects of microbiota have been studied with inconclusive results. This systematic review aimed to identify the role of several studied interventions on the gut microbiota modulation in humans for the prevention and management of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We conducted a systematic search using PubMed and Cochrane Central electronic databases, identifying clinical studies published within the last 20 years.

Using Behavioral Nudges to Engage Pregnant Women in a Smoking Cessation Trial: An Online Field Quasi-Experiment.

Evidence shows that behavioral nudges could be used to enhance enrollment rates in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by addressing enrollment barriers, but research on this topic is limited. We conducted an online field quasi-experiment with separate pretest (October 2017-January 2018) and posttest (February-May 2018) samples designed to examine the use of behavioral nudges to engage pregnant smokers in a couple-focused smoking cessation RCT relying on online enrollment through paid Facebook ads and a dedicated website, by reporting aggregate Facebook ads and Google Analytics data. The Facebook ads pretest conversion rate of 1.