Benzimidazole Resistance-Associated Mutations in the β-tubulin Gene of Hookworms: A Systematic Review.

There is a growing number of reports on the occurrence of benzimidazole resistance-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene of various helminths of veterinary, and public health concerns. However, a comprehensive analysis of their occurrence, and their contributions to conferring benzimidazole resistance among hookworms has yet to be done. The objectives of this systematic review are to summarize and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on the occurrence of these resistance-associated mutations in hookworms, document their geographical distribution, and assess their contributions to conferring phenotypic resistance.

A Phase III Randomized Trial of Integrated Genomics and Avatar Models for Personalized Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: the AVATAR Trial.

Purpose: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited treatment options. We compared the efficacy of comprehensive precision medicine against the conventional treatment in PDAC.

Methods: Phase III trial of advanced PDAC where patients were randomized (1:2) to a conventional treatment treated at physician's discretion (arm A), or to precision medicine (arm B).

Mandibular bone imaging assessment in thalassemia - a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to verify if individuals with thalassemia present changes in radiomorphometric indices and fractal analysis that can be accessed using panoramic radiographs.

Material And Methods: Observational studies that evaluated cortical and trabecular bone patterns in dental routine radiographs were selected from six bibliographic databases. Risk of bias was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and soft tissue healing after tooth extraction in liver cirrhosis patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the association between tooth extraction and occurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and to assess delayed soft tissue healing of extraction sockets in patients with cirrhosis.

Study Design: One hundred nineteen participants awaiting liver transplantation who required tooth extraction were included. Seven days before the surgery, the patients underwent panoramic radiography and laboratory examinations.

Tuft cells in the intestine, immunity and beyond.

Tuft cells have gained substantial attention over the past 10 years due to numerous reports linking them with type 2 immunity and microorganism-sensing capacity in many mucosal tissues. This heightened interest is fuelled by their unique ability to produce an array of biological effector molecules, including IL-25, allergy-related eicosanoids, and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, enabling downstream responses in diverse cell types. Operating through G protein-coupled receptor-mediated signalling pathways reminiscent of type II taste cells in oral taste buds, tuft cells emerge as chemosensory sentinels that integrate luminal conditions, eliciting appropriate responses in immune, epithelial and neuronal populations.

Construction and validation of a novel multi-epitope in silico vaccine design against the paramyosin protein of Opisthorchis viverrini using immunoinformatics analyses.

Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini) remains a significant but neglected health threat across Southeastern Asia. The early infective anabolic growth stage of O.

Epigenetic Biomarkers and the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Opisthorchis viverrini-associated Cholangiocarcinoma: A Scoping Review on Therapeutic Opportunities.

Background: Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are pivotal in regulating gene expression pathways related to inflammation and cancer. While there is substantial research on epigenetic markers in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma (Ov-CCA) is overlooked as a neglected tropical disease (NTD) with limited representation in the literature. Considering the distinct etiological agent, pathogenic mechanisms, and pathological manifestations, epigenetic research plays a pivotal role in uncovering markers and potential targets related to the cancer-promoting and morbidity-inducing liver fluke parasite prevalent in the Great Mekong Subregion (GMS).

Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR as ancillary tools in the diagnosis of acquired oral syphilis.

Objective: To investigate Treponema pallidum detection using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays in acquired oral syphilis (AOS).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-seven paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of AOS (32 secondary and five primary) were analyzed, integrating double-positive serological results with clinicodemographic and histopathological data. T.

Efficacy and safety of Butantan-DV in participants aged 2-59 years through an extended follow-up: results from a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3, multicentre trial in Brazil.

Background: A single-dose dengue vaccine that protects individuals across a wide age range and regardless of dengue serostatus is an unmet need. We assessed the safety and efficacy of the live, attenuated, tetravalent Butantan-dengue vaccine (Butantan-DV) in adults, adolescents, and children. We previously reported the primary and secondary efficacy and safety endpoints in the initial 2 years of follow-up.

Mandibular bone imaging assessment in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess the published research on mandibular cortical and trabecular bone patterns (TBPs) in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) assessed by radiomorphometric index (RMI) analysis on dental radiographs.

Study Design: The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Observational studies that radiographically evaluated cortical and TBPs were analyzed.

A Novel Missense Variant in the NKX2-1 Prevents Transcriptional Rescue by TAZ.

Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome (BLTS) is caused by haploinsufficiency, resulting in chorea/choreoathetosis, respiratory problems, and hypothyroidism. Genes interacting with NKX2-1 mutants influence its phenotypic variability. We report a novel missense variant and the modifier function of TAZ/WWTR1 in BLTS.

Prevalence of human herpesvirus in plasma and saliva of cirrhotic patients: A pilot study.

Aims: The objective of this study was to identify the presence of human herpesvirus (HHV) in the plasma and saliva of hepatic-cirrhosis patients and correlate it with clinical data and laboratory tests. This is a pilot, observational, and cross-sectional study.

Methods And Results: Specimens of plasma and saliva from 72 cirrhotic individuals were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction.

Variant characterisation and clinical profile in a large cohort of patients with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and a family with Weyers acrofacial dysostosis.

Background: Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is a recessive disorder characterised by acromesomelic limb shortening, postaxial polydactyly, nail-teeth dysplasia and congenital cardiac defects, primarily caused by pathogenic variants in or . Weyers acrofacial dysostosis (WAD) is an ultra-rare dominant condition allelic to EvC. The present work aimed to enhance current knowledge on the clinical manifestations of EvC and WAD and broaden their mutational spectrum.

Tuft cell IL-17RB restrains IL-25 bioavailability and reveals context-dependent ILC2 hypoproliferation.

The tuft cell-ILC2 circuit orchestrates rapid type 2 responses upon detecting microbe-derived succinate and luminal helminths. Our findings delineate key mechanistic steps, involving IP3R2 engagement and Ca flux, governing IL-25 production by tuft cells triggered by succinate detection. While IL-17RB plays a pivotal intrinsic role in ILC2 activation, it exerts a regulatory function in tuft cells.

State of the art and prospects for artificial intelligence in orthognathic surgery: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: To present a systematic review of the state of the art regarding clinical applications, main features, and outcomes of artificial intelligence (AI) in orthognathic surgery.

Methods: The PICOS strategy was performed on a systematic review (SR) to answer the following question: "What are the state of the art, characteristics and outcomes of applications with artificial intelligence for orthognathic surgery?" After registering in PROSPERO (CRD42021270789) a systematic search was performed in the databases: PubMed (including MedLine), Scopus, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE EBSCOHOST and Cochrane Library. 195 studies were selected, after screening titles and abstracts, of which thirteen manuscripts were included in the qualitative analysis and six in the quantitative analysis.

Live, Attenuated, Tetravalent Butantan-Dengue Vaccine in Children and Adults.

Background: Butantan-Dengue Vaccine (Butantan-DV) is an investigational, single-dose, live, attenuated, tetravalent vaccine against dengue disease, but data on its overall efficacy are needed.

Methods: In an ongoing phase 3, double-blind trial in Brazil, we randomly assigned participants to receive Butantan-DV or placebo, with stratification according to age (2 to 6 years, 7 to 17 years, and 18 to 59 years); 5 years of follow-up is planned. The objectives of the trial were to evaluate overall vaccine efficacy against symptomatic, virologically confirmed dengue of any serotype occurring more than 28 days after vaccination (the primary efficacy end point), regardless of serostatus at baseline, and to describe safety up to day 21 (the primary safety end point).

Production of solid acid catalyst using waste cigarette filters for esterification.

Cigarette filters were utilized as carbon source for the production of solid carbon acid catalysts. In this study, the process of carbonization and simultaneous sulfonation via hydrothermal treatment was employed. The catalysts were prepared by mixing cigarette filters and sulfuric acid at temperatures of 100, 150, and 190 °C for durations ranging from 2 to 8 h.

Occurrence of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis - a systematic review.

Background: To access the occurrence of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BAONJ) in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Material And Methods: Observational studies that evaluated the occurrence of BAONJ in individuals with RA (BAONJ-RA) were considered for inclusion. Electronic searches were performed up to December 2022 in six databases and in the grey literature.