Quantitative Evaluation of Multiple Treatment Regimens for Treatment-Resistant Depression.

Objective: This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) across oral, intravenous, and intranasal routes to inform clinical guidelines.

Methods: A systematic review identified randomized controlled trials on TRD, with efficacy measured by changes in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We developed pharmacodynamic and covariate models for different administration routes, using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate efficacy distribution.

Frustrated Lewis Pair Meets Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane: Water-Tolerant Hybrid Porous Networks for Robust, Efficient, and Recyclable CO Catalysis.

Frustrated Lewis pair chemistry (FLP) occupy a crucial position in nonmetal-mediated catalysis, especially toward activation of inert gas molecules. Yet, one formidable issue of homogeneous FLP catalysts is their instability on preservation and recycling. Here we contribute a general solution that marries the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with a structurally specific frustrated Lewis acid to fabricate porous polymer networks, which can form water-insensitive heterogeneous FLP catalysts upon employing Lewis base substrates.

All-solid Conductive Elastomers Bridging Mechanical Performance and Sustainability for Durable and Multifunctional Electronics.

The next generation of stretchable electronics seeks to integrate superior mechanical properties with sustainability and sensing stability. Ionically conductive and liquid-free elastomers have gained recognition as promising candidates, addressing the challenges of evaporation and leakage in gel-based conductors. In this study, a sustainable polymeric deep eutectic system is synergistically integrated with amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide-modified fibers and aluminum ions, forming a conductive supramolecular network with significant improvements in mechanical performance.

Discovery of an Enzyme-Activated Fluorogenic Probe for Profiling of Acylaminoacyl-Peptide Hydrolase.

Acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase (APEH), a serine peptidase that belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) family, catalyzes removal of N-terminal acetylated amino acid residues from peptides. As a key regulator of protein N-terminal acetylation, APEH was involved in many important physiological processes while its aberrant expression was correlated with progression of various diseases such as inflammation, diabetics, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cancers. However, while emerging attention has been attracted in APEH-related disease diagnosis and drug discovery, the mechanisms behind APEH and related disease progression are still unclear; thus, further investigating the physiological role and function of APEH is of great importance.

A mobile interactive cognitive self-assessment scale for screening cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: A mobile cognition scale for community screening in cognitive impairment with rigorous validation is in paucity. We aimed to develop a digital scale that overcame low education for community screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD.

Methods: A mobile cognitive self-assessment scale (CogSAS) was designed through the Delphi process, which is feasible for the older population with low education.

2024 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: Three Way-Cross Validation; Urine Clinical Analysis; Automated Methods; Regulatory Queries on Plasma Protein Binding; Automated Biospecimen Management; ELN Migration; Ultra-Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry ( - Recommendations on Advanced Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Assays, Chromatography, Sample Preparation and BMV/Regulated Bioanalysis - Regulatory Agencies' Inputs on Regulated Bioanalysis/BMV).

The 18 Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (18 WRIB) took place in San Antonio, TX, USA on May 6-10, 2024. Over 1100 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 18 WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

Exploring the significance of medical humanities in shaping internship performance: insights from curriculum categories.

Background: Medical Humanities (MH) curricula integrate humanities disciplines into medical education to nurture essential qualities in future physicians. However, the impact of MH on clinical competencies during formative training phases remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine the influence of MH curricula on internship performance.

Association between the hemoglobin A1c/High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and stroke incidence: a prospective nationwide cohort study in China.

Background: Stroke has emerged as an escalating public health challenge among middle-aged and older individuals in China, closely linked to glycolipid metabolic abnormalities. The Hemoglobin A1c/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HbA1c/HDL-C) ratio, an integrated marker of glycolipid homeostasis, may serve as a novel predictor of stroke risk.

Methods: Our investigation utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort (2011-2018).

Amelioration of premature aging in Werner syndrome stem cells by targeting SHIP/AKT pathway.

Background: Pathogenic or null mutations in WRN helicase is a cause of premature aging disease Werner syndrome (WS). WRN is known to protect somatic cells including adult stem cells from premature senescence. Loss of WRN in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only drives the cells to premature senescence but also significantly impairs the function of the stem cells in tissue repair or regeneration.

Genome-wide identification of the Sec14 gene family and the response to salt and drought stress in soybean (Glycine max).

Background: The Sec14 domain is an ancient lipid-binding domain that evolved from yeast Sec14p and performs complex lipid-mediated regulatory functions in subcellular organelles and intracellular traffic. The Sec14 family is characterized by a highly conserved Sec14 domain, and is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells and has diverse functions. However, the number and characteristics of Sec14 homologous genes in soybean, as well as their potential roles, remain understudied.

Massive endobronchial hemorrhage leading to Cardiac arrest during EBUS-TBNA: a case of successful resuscitation.

Introduction: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is commonly used for diagnosing mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Despite a low complication rate, severe hemorrhage can occur which is reported in this literature, particularly in hypervascular conditions like Castleman disease.

Methods: A 54-year-old male with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease underwent EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal lymph node sampling.

Comparative evaluation of allograft particulate bone and cortical bone blocks combined with xenograft bone for labial bone defects in the aesthetic zone: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic performance of allograft particulate bone and cortical bone blocks combined with xenograft under bovine pericardium membranes, for treating different degrees of labial bone defects in the aesthetic zone.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients with bone defects were divided into two groups based on defect severity (Terheyden 1/4 and 2/4 groups). The Terheyden 1/4 group received granular bone grafts alone, while the Terheyden 2/4 group received cortical bone blocks combined with granular bone grafts.

The incidence of inflow and drain pain and associated risk factors for patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Background: The high prevalence and prolonged duration of inflow pain and drain pain experienced by peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients following PD catheter implantation impact their quality of life. However, there is limited data on the frequency and predisposing factors of these pains in the Chinese population undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Methods: This study encompassed individuals who underwent peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation at our institution from September 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024.

Optimizing skull base defect repair: leveraging the reused nasoseptal flap as a reliable material.

Purpose: The escalating number of endoscopic skull base procedures necessitates exploring additional materials to reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in revision or staged surgeries. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reused nasoseptal flaps (NSFs) in such clinical scenarios.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who previously underwent surgery involving NSFs and later had revision or secondary skull base surgeries via endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) at a tertiary medical center.

A multicenter study of neurofibromatosis type 1 utilizing deep learning for whole body tumor identification.

Deep-learning models have shown promise in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. Previous studies have primarily focused on specific anatomical regions, overlooking tumors occurring throughout the body with highly heterogeneous whole-body backgrounds. Using neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) as an example, this study developed highly accurate MRI-based deep-learning models for the early automated screening of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) against complex whole-body background.

Global metabolomic alterations associated with endocrine-disrupting chemicals among pregnant individuals and newborns.

Background: Gestational exposure to non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. While many EDCs affect the endocrine system, their effects on endocrine-related metabolic pathways remain unclear. This study aims to explore the global metabolome changes associated with EDC biomarkers at delivery.

sVEGFR3 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and immune cell infiltration.

Recent studies have suggested that sVEGFR3 is involved in cardiac diseases by regulating lymphangiogenesis; however, results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of sVEGFR3 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). sVEGFR3 effects were evaluated in vivo in mice subjected to MI/RI, and in vitro using HL-1 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion.

Biomechanical evaluation of the modified proximal femoral nail for the treatment of reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures.

The best treatment method for reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures (ROIFs) is still under debate. Our team designed the modified proximal femoral nail (MPFN) specially for treating such fractures. The objective of this research was to introduce the MPFN device and compare the biomechanical properties with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) and InterTAN nail via finite element modelling.

Multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging radiomics combined with imaging features predicts the difficulty of HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids.

To establish a multivariate linear regression model for predicting the difficulty of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids based on multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 218 patients with uterine fibroids who underwent HIFU treatment, including 178 cases from Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and 40 cases from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (external validation set). Radiomics features were extracted and selected from magnetic resonance images, and potentially related imaging features were collected.

Icaritin alleviates motor impairment and osteoporosis in Parkinson's disease mice via the ER-PI3K/Akt pathway.

This study investigates the role of flavonoid Icaritin (ICT) in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) female mice by activating the Estrogen receptor (ER)/ Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, potentially delaying Parkinson's disease (PD) progression post-castration. Seventy-five 8-week-old C57BL/6J female mice underwent ovariectomy, followed by MPTP (20 mg/kg) injection for 7 days. ICT (20 mg/kg) was administered for 14 days, and motor function was assessed using various behavioral tests.

Identification of a novel TOP2B::AFF2 fusion gene in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Genetic alterations play a pivotal role in leukemic clonal transformation, significantly influencing disease pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Here, we report a novel fusion gene and investigate its pathogenic role in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We engineer a transposon transfection system expressing the TOP2B::AFF2 transcript and introduce it into Ba/F3 cells.

The effect of avatar identity on spontaneous perspective-taking in patients with schizophrenia.

Controversy exists regarding whether the spontaneity of altercentric intrusion is impaired in patients with schizophrenia during implicit visual perspective-taking tasks. This study explored the characteristics of spontaneous visual perspective-taking in patients with schizophrenia and the effect of an avatar identity on their perspective-taking. We recruited 65 patients with schizophrenia and 65 healthy participants to complete 4 visual perspective-taking experiments for uncued other-avatar and self-avatar tasks and cued other-avatar and self-avatar tasks.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis reveals NTN1 as an immune infiltrate risk factor and its potential prognostic value in SKCM.

Netrin-1 (NTN1) is a laminin-related secreted protein involved in axon guidance and cell migration. Previous research has established a significant connection between NTN1 and nervous system development. In recent years, mounting evidence indicates that NTN1 also plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.

MAPK4 inhibits the early aberrant activation of B cells in rheumatoid arthritis by promoting the IRF4-SHIP1 signaling pathway.

The involvement of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well-established, with their early and aberrant activation being a crucial factor. However, the mechanisms underlying this abnormal activation in RA remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identified a significant reduction in MAPK4 expression in both RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse models, which correlates with disrupted B cell activation.

Physical unclonable in-memory computing for simultaneous protecting private data and deep learning models.

Compute-in-memory based on resistive random-access memory has emerged as a promising technology for accelerating neural networks on edge devices. It can reduce frequent data transfers and improve energy efficiency. However, the nonvolatile nature of resistive memory raises concerns that stored weights can be easily extracted during computation.