A Comparison of Occupational CO Levels, HbCO, and Lung Functions Between Grill and Non-grill Street Vendors.

Background: There is a surge increase in grills-fast food outlet in the urban areas that plays an essential role in producing air pollution. Chronic accumulation of carbon monoxide might affect the airway and destroy alveolus as well as correlated with the disturbance of lung function.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the occupational CO levels, HbCO, and lung functions between grill and non-grill street vendors.

Four-type of Masks and its Effectiveness Based on Reduced Level of Expiratory Carbon-monoxide.

Introduction: Carbon-monoxide (CO) is a major component of motor-vehicles related air pollution. Motor-vehicles emissions are a major source of air pollution in urban areas and give significant adverse effects on human life.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the change of expiratory carbon-monoxide levels after using four-type of masks in people around Universitas Sumatera Utara.