Fabrication of composites with ultra-low chitosan loadings and the adsorption mechanism for lead ions.

Through a facile impregnation-precipitation strategy, chitosan was dispersed on bentonite to prepare an organic/inorganic hybrid composite for Pb adsorption. The strong promotion effect of a small amount of highly dispersed chitosan on the Pb adsorption capacity of clay minerals was unveiled. With a chitosan loading of 0.