Intestinal rearrangement of biliopancreatic limbs, alimentary limbs, and common limbs in obese type 2 diabetic mice after duodenal jejunal bypass surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), yet the precise mechanisms underlying its effectiveness remain incompletely understood. While previous research has emphasized the role of rearrangement of the gastrointestinal anatomy, gaps persist regarding the specific impact on the gut microbiota and barriers within the biliopancreatic, alimentary, and common limbs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on obese T2DM mice.

Burden of type 2 diabetes due to high body mass index in different SDI regions and projections of future trends: insights from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study.

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the impact of high body mass index (BMI) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different Socio-Demographic Development Index (SDI) regions using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.

Methods: Using data from the GBD study, the burden of disease for T2DM was measured by analyzing the age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for type 2 diabetes due to high BMI and the associated estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Decomposition analyses, frontier analyses, and predictive models were used to analyze changes and influencing factors for each metric.

Phosphatidylinositol promoted the proliferation and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells by regulating POU1F1 expression.

Invasiveness of pituitary adenoma is the main cause of its poor prognosis, mechanism of which remains largely unknown. In this study, the differential proteins between invasive and non-invasive pituitary tumors (IPA and NIPA) were identified by TMT labeled quantitative proteomics. The differential metabolites in venous bloods from patients with IPA and NIPA were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics.

Analysis of the Efficacy of Different Obesity Surgeries in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: To investigate the effectiveness of different bariatric metabolic surgeries in improving metabolic syndrome indicators in patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy + jejunojejunal bypass (LSG + JJB), and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Patients were categorized into groups based on their surgical procedure: LSG (N = 199), LSG + JJB (N = 242), and LRYGB (N = 288).

Integrative multi-omics analysis of Crohn's disease and metabolic syndrome: Unveiling the underlying molecular mechanisms of comorbidity.

Objectives: The focus of this study is on identifying a potential association between Crohn's disease (CD), a chronic inflammatory bowel condition, and metabolic syndrome (Mets), characterized by a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including high blood pressure, abnormal lipid levels, and overweight. While the link between CD and MetS has been suggested in the medical community, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Methods: Using microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we conducted a differential gene expression analysis and applied Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify genes shared between CD and MetS.

Irisflorentin improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury by protecting the blood-spinal cord barrier and promoting axonal growth.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces the disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and the failure of axonal growth. SCI activates a complex series of responses, including cell apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Pericytes play a critical role in maintaining BSCB integrity and facilitating tissue growth and repair.

Elucidating the molecular landscape of tendinitis: the role of inflammasome-related genes and immune interactions.

Tendinitis, characterized by the inflammation of tendons, poses significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment due to its multifaceted etiology and complex pathophysiology. This study aimed to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying tendinitis, with a particular focus on inflammasome-related genes and their interactions with the immune system. Through comprehensive gene expression analysis and bioinformatics approaches, we identified distinct expression profiles of inflammasome genes, such as NLRP6, NLRP1, and MEFV, which showed significant correlations with immune checkpoint molecules, indicating a pivotal role in the inflammatory cascade of tendinitis.

A Case of Perianal Annular Rash: Atypical Presentation of Recurrent Secondary Syphilis.

Syphilis is a complex, systemic infectious disease caused by . Secondary syphilitic lesions typically manifest within 3 months following initial exposure to . The predominant cutaneous manifestations of secondary syphilis are macula and papule.

Runx2 Suppresses Astrocyte Activation and Astroglial Scar Formation After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice.

After spinal cord injury, astrocytes undergo a reactive process and form an astroglial scar, which impedes the regeneration of axons. The role of Runx2 in promoting the transformation of astrocytes in the central nervous system is well-established. However, it remains unclear whether Runx2 also plays a role in the development of astroglial scar, and the precise underlying mechanism has yet to be identified.

Could ceftriaxone be a viable alternative to penicillin for the treatment of ocular syphilis?

This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of ceftriaxone with that of aqueous crystalline penicillin G in treating ocular syphilis. We conducted a retrospective study from 2010 to 2021. Syphilis patients were administered either ceftriaxone (2 g intravenously daily for 14 days) or aqueous crystalline penicillin G [4 million units (MU) intravenously every 4 h for 14 days] as therapeutic interventions.

Clinical parameter-based prediction model for neurosyphilis risk stratification.

Accurately predicting neurosyphilis prior to a lumbar puncture (LP) is critical for the prompt management of neurosyphilis. However, a valid and reliable model for this purpose is still lacking. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for the accurate identification of neurosyphilis in patients with syphilis.

Relationship between psychological detachment from work and depressive symptoms: indirect role of emotional exhaustion and moderating role of self-compassion.

The importance of psychological detachment during nonwork time has been emphasized, and its effect on depressive symptoms has been identified. However, the mechanism underlying this association remains to be elucidated. This study was conducted to identify the indirect role of emotional exhaustion in the association between psychological detachment and depressive symptoms and the moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between emotional exhaustion and depressive symptoms on the basis of the recovery-engagement-exhaustion model and emotion regulation theory.

New Mouse Models of Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass for Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Current bariatric surgery models primarily utilize mice with obesity, overlooking those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). These models have limitations in replicating clinical procedures accurately and achieving broad applicability. This study aimed to develop novel mouse models of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) surgeries specifically designed for T2DM research, utilizing simplified surgical techniques closely resembling clinical procedures.

Gut Microbiota Alternation in Disease Progression of Neurosyphilis.

Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. However, studies on the gut microbiota of patients with neurosyphilis (NS) were rarely reported.

Methods: In this study, we collected fecal samples from 62 syphilis patients, including 39 with NS and 23 with non-NS.

Platelet Indices Are the Promising Biomarkers in Monitoring Disease Activities in Patients with Syphilis.

Objectives: To uncover the role of the platelet indices in patients with syphilis.

Methods: A total of 2061 patients with syphilis and 528 healthy controls were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The data of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and indicators of syphilis activities were collected.

Glioblastoma Cell-Derived lncRNA-Containing Exosomes Induce Microglia to Produce Complement C5, Promoting Chemotherapy Resistance.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common malignant primary brain cancer in adults, nearly always becomes resistant to current treatments, including the chemotherapeutic temozolomide (TMZ). The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TMZ-associated lncRNA in GBM recurrence () promotes GBM resistance to TMZ. Exosomes can release biochemical cargo into the tumor microenvironment (TME) or transfer their contents, including lncRNAs, to other cells as a form of intercellular communication.

A Voxel-Based Radiographic Analysis Reveals the Biological Character of Proneural-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma.

Proneural and mesenchymal subtypes are the most distinct demarcated categories in classification scheme, and there is often a shift from proneural type to mesenchymal subtype in the progression of glioblastoma (GBM). The molecular characters are determined by specific genomic methods, however, the application of radiography in clinical practice remains to be further studied. Here, we studied the topography features of GBM in proneural subtype, and further demonstrated the survival characteristics and proneural-mesenchymal transition (PMT) progression of samples by combining with the imaging variables.

NoncoRNA: a database of experimentally supported non-coding RNAs and drug targets in cancer.

NoncoRNA (http://www.ncdtcdb.cn:8080/NoncoRNA/) is a manually curated database of experimentally supported non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and drug target associations that aim to potentially provide a high-quality data resource for exploring drug sensitivity/resistance-related ncRNAs in various human cancers.

Dual functionalized brain-targeting nanoinhibitors restrain temozolomide-resistant glioma via attenuating EGFR and MET signaling pathways.

Activation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) protein is frequently observed in malignant progression of gliomas. In this study, the crosstalk activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) signaling pathways is demonstrated to contribute to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, resulting in an unfavorable prognosis for patients with glioblastoma. To simultaneously mitigate EGFR and MET activation, a dual functionalized brain-targeting nanoinhibitor, BIP-MPC-NP, is developed by conjugating Inherbin3 and cMBP on the surface of NHS-PEG-Mal modified MPC-nanoparticles.

Design and Development of Smoking Cessation Apps Based on Smokers' and Providers' Perspectives in China: Survey Study.

Background: Although there are more than 60 smartphone apps for smoking cessation in China, many of them do not include the content and features that health care professionals and smokers prefer-which may make them impractical, unengaging, and ineffective. Therefore, we investigated both health care providers' and smokers' preferences for features of future smoking cessation apps.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate Chinese health care providers' and smokers' desired features of a smoking cessation app, with the goal of providing design recommendations for app designers and researchers.